[PATCH 00/12] Swap-over-NFS without deadlocking V4

[PATCH 00/12] Swap-over-NFS without deadlocking V4

[Mel Gorman]

Changelog since V3
  o Rebase to 3.4-rc5
  o kmap pages for writing to swap				(akpm)
  o Move forward declaration to reduce chance of duplication	(akpm)

Changelog since V2
  o Nothing significant, just rebases. A radix tree lookup is replaced with
    a linear search would be the biggest rebase artifact

This patch series is based on top of "Swap-over-NBD without deadlocking v9"
as it depends on the same reservation of PF_MEMALLOC reserves logic.

When a user or administrator requires swap for their application, they
create a swap partition and file, format it with mkswap and activate it with
swapon. In diskless systems this is not an option so if swap if required
then swapping over the network is considered.  The two likely scenarios
are when blade servers are used as part of a cluster where the form factor
or maintenance costs do not allow the use of disks and thin clients.

The Linux Terminal Server Project recommends the use of the Network
Block Device (NBD) for swap but this is not always an option.  There is
no guarantee that the network attached storage (NAS) device is running
Linux or supports NBD. However, it is likely that it supports NFS so there
are users that want support for swapping over NFS despite any performance
concern. Some distributions currently carry patches that support swapping
over NFS but it would be preferable to support it in the mainline kernel.

Patch 1 avoids a stream-specific deadlock that potentially affects TCP.

Patch 2 is a small modification to SELinux to avoid using PFMEMALLOC
	reserves.

Patch 3 adds three helpers for filesystems to handle swap cache pages.
	For example, page_file_mapping() returns page->mapping for
	file-backed pages and the address_space of the underlying
	swap file for swap cache pages.

Patch 4 adds two address_space_operations to allow a filesystem
	to pin all metadata relevant to a swapfile in memory. Upon
	successful activation, the swapfile is marked SWP_FILE and
	the address space operation ->direct_IO is used for writing
	and ->readpage for reading in swap pages.

Patch 5 notes that patch 3 is bolting
	filesystem-specific-swapfile-support onto the side and that
	the default handlers have different information to what
	is available to the filesystem. This patch refactors the
	code so that there are generic handlers for each of the new
	address_space operations.

Patch 6 adds an API to allow a vector of kernel addresses to be
	translated to struct pages and pinned for IO.

Patch 7 adds support for using highmem pages for swap by kmapping
	the pages before calling the direct_IO handler.

Patch 8 updates NFS to use the helpers from patch 3 where necessary.

Patch 9 avoids setting PF_private on PG_swapcache pages within NFS.

Patch 10 implements the new swapfile-related address_space operations
	for NFS and teaches the direct IO handler how to manage
	kernel addresses.

Patch 11 prevents page allocator recursions in NFS by using GFP_NOIO
	where appropriate.

Patch 12 fixes a NULL pointer dereference that occurs when using
	swap-over-NFS.

With the patches applied, it is possible to mount a swapfile that is on an
NFS filesystem. Swap performance is not great with a swap stress test taking
roughly twice as long to complete than if the swap device was backed by NBD.

 Documentation/filesystems/Locking |   13 ++++
 Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt |   12 +++
 fs/nfs/Kconfig                    |    8 ++
 fs/nfs/direct.c                   |   94 ++++++++++++++++--------
 fs/nfs/file.c                     |   28 +++++--
 fs/nfs/inode.c                    |    6 ++
 fs/nfs/internal.h                 |    7 +-
 fs/nfs/pagelist.c                 |    6 +-
 fs/nfs/read.c                     |    6 +-
 fs/nfs/write.c                    |   96 +++++++++++++++---------
 include/linux/blk_types.h         |    2 +
 include/linux/fs.h                |    8 ++
 include/linux/highmem.h           |    7 ++
 include/linux/mm.h                |   29 ++++++++
 include/linux/nfs_fs.h            |    4 +-
 include/linux/pagemap.h           |    5 ++
 include/linux/sunrpc/xprt.h       |    3 +
 include/linux/swap.h              |    8 ++
 include/net/sock.h                |    7 +-
 mm/highmem.c                      |   12 +++
 mm/memory.c                       |   52 +++++++++++++
 mm/page_io.c                      |  145 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 mm/swap_state.c                   |    2 +-
 mm/swapfile.c                     |  141 ++++++++++++++----------------------
 net/caif/caif_socket.c            |    2 +-
 net/core/sock.c                   |    2 +-
 net/ipv4/tcp_input.c              |   12 +--
 net/sctp/ulpevent.c               |    2 +-
 net/sunrpc/Kconfig                |    5 ++
 net/sunrpc/clnt.c                 |    2 +
 net/sunrpc/sched.c                |    7 +-
 net/sunrpc/xprtsock.c             |   53 ++++++++++++++
 security/selinux/avc.c            |    2 +-
 33 files changed, 601 insertions(+), 187 deletions(-)

-- 
1.7.9.2

[PATCH 01/12] netvm: Prevent a stream-specific deadlock

[Mel Gorman]

It could happen that all !SOCK_MEMALLOC sockets have buffered so
much data that we're over the global rmem limit. This will prevent
SOCK_MEMALLOC buffers from receiving data, which will prevent userspace
from running, which is needed to reduce the buffered data.

Fix this by exempting the SOCK_MEMALLOC sockets from the rmem limit.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
---
 include/net/sock.h     |    7 ++++---
 net/caif/caif_socket.c |    2 +-
 net/core/sock.c        |    2 +-
 net/ipv4/tcp_input.c   |   12 ++++++------
 net/sctp/ulpevent.c    |    2 +-
 5 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/net/sock.h b/include/net/sock.h
index 7f04aa8..3a8cce7 100644
--- a/include/net/sock.h
+++ b/include/net/sock.h
@@ -1280,12 +1280,13 @@ static inline int sk_wmem_schedule(struct sock *sk, int size)
 		__sk_mem_schedule(sk, size, SK_MEM_SEND);
 }
 
-static inline int sk_rmem_schedule(struct sock *sk, int size)
+static inline int sk_rmem_schedule(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
 {
 	if (!sk_has_account(sk))
 		return 1;
-	return size <= sk->sk_forward_alloc ||
-		__sk_mem_schedule(sk, size, SK_MEM_RECV);
+	return skb->truesize <= sk->sk_forward_alloc ||
+		__sk_mem_schedule(sk, skb->truesize, SK_MEM_RECV) ||
+		skb_pfmemalloc(skb);
 }
 
 static inline void sk_mem_reclaim(struct sock *sk)
diff --git a/net/caif/caif_socket.c b/net/caif/caif_socket.c
index 5016fa5..aaf711c 100644
--- a/net/caif/caif_socket.c
+++ b/net/caif/caif_socket.c
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ static int caif_queue_rcv_skb(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
 	err = sk_filter(sk, skb);
 	if (err)
 		return err;
-	if (!sk_rmem_schedule(sk, skb->truesize) && rx_flow_is_on(cf_sk)) {
+	if (!sk_rmem_schedule(sk, skb) && rx_flow_is_on(cf_sk)) {
 		set_rx_flow_off(cf_sk);
 		if (net_ratelimit())
 			pr_debug("sending flow OFF due to rmem_schedule\n");
diff --git a/net/core/sock.c b/net/core/sock.c
index 9ad1ed9..4193266 100644
--- a/net/core/sock.c
+++ b/net/core/sock.c
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ int sock_queue_rcv_skb(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 
-	if (!sk_rmem_schedule(sk, skb->truesize)) {
+	if (!sk_rmem_schedule(sk, skb)) {
 		atomic_inc(&sk->sk_drops);
 		return -ENOBUFS;
 	}
diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp_input.c b/net/ipv4/tcp_input.c
index 3ff36406..686642c 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/tcp_input.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp_input.c
@@ -4431,19 +4431,19 @@ static void tcp_ofo_queue(struct sock *sk)
 static int tcp_prune_ofo_queue(struct sock *sk);
 static int tcp_prune_queue(struct sock *sk);
 
-static inline int tcp_try_rmem_schedule(struct sock *sk, unsigned int size)
+static inline int tcp_try_rmem_schedule(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
 {
 	if (atomic_read(&sk->sk_rmem_alloc) > sk->sk_rcvbuf ||
-	    !sk_rmem_schedule(sk, size)) {
+	    !sk_rmem_schedule(sk, skb)) {
 
 		if (tcp_prune_queue(sk) < 0)
 			return -1;
 
-		if (!sk_rmem_schedule(sk, size)) {
+		if (!sk_rmem_schedule(sk, skb)) {
 			if (!tcp_prune_ofo_queue(sk))
 				return -1;
 
-			if (!sk_rmem_schedule(sk, size))
+			if (!sk_rmem_schedule(sk, skb))
 				return -1;
 		}
 	}
@@ -4458,7 +4458,7 @@ static void tcp_data_queue_ofo(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
 
 	TCP_ECN_check_ce(tp, skb);
 
-	if (tcp_try_rmem_schedule(sk, skb->truesize)) {
+	if (tcp_try_rmem_schedule(sk, skb)) {
 		/* TODO: should increment a counter */
 		__kfree_skb(skb);
 		return;
@@ -4627,7 +4627,7 @@ static void tcp_data_queue(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
 		if (eaten <= 0) {
 queue_and_out:
 			if (eaten < 0 &&
-			    tcp_try_rmem_schedule(sk, skb->truesize))
+			    tcp_try_rmem_schedule(sk, skb))
 				goto drop;
 
 			skb_set_owner_r(skb, sk);
diff --git a/net/sctp/ulpevent.c b/net/sctp/ulpevent.c
index 8a84017..6c6ed2d 100644
--- a/net/sctp/ulpevent.c
+++ b/net/sctp/ulpevent.c
@@ -702,7 +702,7 @@ struct sctp_ulpevent *sctp_ulpevent_make_rcvmsg(struct sctp_association *asoc,
 	if (rx_count >= asoc->base.sk->sk_rcvbuf) {
 
 		if ((asoc->base.sk->sk_userlocks & SOCK_RCVBUF_LOCK) ||
-		    (!sk_rmem_schedule(asoc->base.sk, chunk->skb->truesize)))
+		    (!sk_rmem_schedule(asoc->base.sk, chunk->skb)))
 			goto fail;
 	}
 
-- 
1.7.9.2

[PATCH 02/12] selinux: tag avc cache alloc as non-critical

[Mel Gorman]

Failing to allocate a cache entry will only harm performance not
correctness.  Do not consume valuable reserve pages for something
like that.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
---
 security/selinux/avc.c |    2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/security/selinux/avc.c b/security/selinux/avc.c
index 8ee42b2..75c2977 100644
--- a/security/selinux/avc.c
+++ b/security/selinux/avc.c
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ static struct avc_node *avc_alloc_node(void)
 {
 	struct avc_node *node;
 
-	node = kmem_cache_zalloc(avc_node_cachep, GFP_ATOMIC);
+	node = kmem_cache_zalloc(avc_node_cachep, GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOMEMALLOC);
 	if (!node)
 		goto out;
 
-- 
1.7.9.2

[PATCH 03/12] mm: Methods for teaching filesystems about PG_swapcache pages

[Mel Gorman]

In order to teach filesystems to handle swap cache pages, three new
page functions are introduced:

  pgoff_t page_file_index(struct page *);
  loff_t page_file_offset(struct page *);
  struct address_space *page_file_mapping(struct page *);

page_file_index() - gives the offset of this page in the file in
PAGE_CACHE_SIZE blocks. Like page->index is for mapped pages, this
function also gives the correct index for PG_swapcache pages.

page_file_offset() - uses page_file_index(), so that it will give
the expected result, even for PG_swapcache pages.

page_file_mapping() - gives the mapping backing the actual page;
that is for swap cache pages it will give swap_file->f_mapping.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
---
 include/linux/mm.h      |   25 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
 include/linux/pagemap.h |    5 +++++
 mm/swapfile.c           |   19 +++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 49 insertions(+)

diff --git a/include/linux/mm.h b/include/linux/mm.h
index 74aa71b..58cc925 100644
--- a/include/linux/mm.h
+++ b/include/linux/mm.h
@@ -803,6 +803,17 @@ static inline void *page_rmapping(struct page *page)
 	return (void *)((unsigned long)page->mapping & ~PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS);
 }
 
+extern struct address_space *__page_file_mapping(struct page *);
+
+static inline
+struct address_space *page_file_mapping(struct page *page)
+{
+	if (unlikely(PageSwapCache(page)))
+		return __page_file_mapping(page);
+
+	return page->mapping;
+}
+
 static inline int PageAnon(struct page *page)
 {
 	return ((unsigned long)page->mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_ANON) != 0;
@@ -819,6 +830,20 @@ static inline pgoff_t page_index(struct page *page)
 	return page->index;
 }
 
+extern pgoff_t __page_file_index(struct page *page);
+
+/*
+ * Return the file index of the page. Regular pagecache pages use ->index
+ * whereas swapcache pages use swp_offset(->private)
+ */
+static inline pgoff_t page_file_index(struct page *page)
+{
+	if (unlikely(PageSwapCache(page)))
+		return __page_file_index(page);
+
+	return page->index;
+}
+
 /*
  * Return true if this page is mapped into pagetables.
  */
diff --git a/include/linux/pagemap.h b/include/linux/pagemap.h
index cfaaa69..d4d4bda 100644
--- a/include/linux/pagemap.h
+++ b/include/linux/pagemap.h
@@ -286,6 +286,11 @@ static inline loff_t page_offset(struct page *page)
 	return ((loff_t)page->index) << PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
 }
 
+static inline loff_t page_file_offset(struct page *page)
+{
+	return ((loff_t)page_file_index(page)) << PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
+}
+
 extern pgoff_t linear_hugepage_index(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 				     unsigned long address);
 
diff --git a/mm/swapfile.c b/mm/swapfile.c
index fafc26d..df5f148 100644
--- a/mm/swapfile.c
+++ b/mm/swapfile.c
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include <linux/memcontrol.h>
 #include <linux/poll.h>
 #include <linux/oom.h>
+#include <linux/export.h>
 
 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
@@ -2293,6 +2294,24 @@ int swapcache_prepare(swp_entry_t entry)
 }
 
 /*
+ * out-of-line __page_file_ methods to avoid include hell.
+ */
+struct address_space *__page_file_mapping(struct page *page)
+{
+	VM_BUG_ON(!PageSwapCache(page));
+	return page_swap_info(page)->swap_file->f_mapping;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__page_file_mapping);
+
+pgoff_t __page_file_index(struct page *page)
+{
+	swp_entry_t swap = { .val = page_private(page) };
+	VM_BUG_ON(!PageSwapCache(page));
+	return swp_offset(swap);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__page_file_index);
+
+/*
  * add_swap_count_continuation - called when a swap count is duplicated
  * beyond SWAP_MAP_MAX, it allocates a new page and links that to the entry's
  * page of the original vmalloc'ed swap_map, to hold the continuation count
-- 
1.7.9.2

[PATCH 04/12] mm: Add support for a filesystem to activate swap files and use direct_IO for writing swap pages

[Mel Gorman]

Currently swapfiles are managed entirely by the core VM by using ->bmap
to allocate space and write to the blocks directly. This effectively
ensures that the underlying blocks are allocated and avoids the need
for the swap subsystem to locate what physical blocks store offsets
within a file.

If the swap subsystem is to use the filesystem information to locate
the blocks, it is critical that information such as block groups,
block bitmaps and the block descriptor table that map the swap file
were resident in memory. This patch adds address_space_operations that
the VM can call when activating or deactivating swap backed by a file.

  int swap_activate(struct file *);
  int swap_deactivate(struct file *);

The ->swap_activate() method is used to communicate to the
file that the VM relies on it, and the address_space should take
adequate measures such as reserving space in the underlying device,
reserving memory for mempools and pinning information such as the
block descriptor table in memory. The ->swap_deactivate() method is
called on sys_swapoff() if ->swap_activate() returned success.

After a successful swapfile ->swap_activate, the swapfile
is marked SWP_FILE and swapper_space.a_ops will proxy to
sis->swap_file->f_mappings->a_ops using ->direct_io to write swapcache
pages and ->readpage to read.

It is perfectly possible that direct_IO be used to read the swap
pages but it is an unnecessary complication. Similarly, it is possible
that ->writepage be used instead of direct_io to write the pages but
filesystem developers have stated that calling writepage from the VM
is undesirable for a variety of reasons and using direct_IO opens up
the possibility of writing back batches of swap pages in the future.

[a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl: Original patch]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
---
 Documentation/filesystems/Locking |   13 ++++++++++
 Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt |   12 +++++++++
 include/linux/fs.h                |    4 +++
 include/linux/swap.h              |    3 +++
 mm/page_io.c                      |   52 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 mm/swap_state.c                   |    2 +-
 mm/swapfile.c                     |   30 +++++++++++++++++++--
 7 files changed, 113 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/Locking b/Documentation/filesystems/Locking
index 4fca82e..b01c2d7 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/Locking
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/Locking
@@ -202,6 +202,8 @@ prototypes:
 	int (*launder_page)(struct page *);
 	int (*is_partially_uptodate)(struct page *, read_descriptor_t *, unsigned long);
 	int (*error_remove_page)(struct address_space *, struct page *);
+	int (*swap_activate)(struct file *);
+	int (*swap_deactivate)(struct file *);
 
 locking rules:
 	All except set_page_dirty and freepage may block
@@ -225,6 +227,8 @@ migratepage:		yes (both)
 launder_page:		yes
 is_partially_uptodate:	yes
 error_remove_page:	yes
+swap_activate:		no
+swap_deactivate:	no
 
 	->write_begin(), ->write_end(), ->sync_page() and ->readpage()
 may be called from the request handler (/dev/loop).
@@ -326,6 +330,15 @@ cleaned, or an error value if not. Note that in order to prevent the page
 getting mapped back in and redirtied, it needs to be kept locked
 across the entire operation.
 
+	->swap_activate will be called with a non-zero argument on
+files backing (non block device backed) swapfiles. A return value
+of zero indicates success, in which case this file can be used for
+backing swapspace. The swapspace operations will be proxied to the
+address space operations.
+
+	->swap_deactivate() will be called in the sys_swapoff()
+path after ->swap_activate() returned success.
+
 ----------------------- file_lock_operations ------------------------------
 prototypes:
 	void (*fl_copy_lock)(struct file_lock *, struct file_lock *);
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
index 0d04920..fbd357b 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
@@ -581,6 +581,8 @@ struct address_space_operations {
 	int (*migratepage) (struct page *, struct page *);
 	int (*launder_page) (struct page *);
 	int (*error_remove_page) (struct mapping *mapping, struct page *page);
+	int (*swap_activate)(struct file *);
+	int (*swap_deactivate)(struct file *);
 };
 
   writepage: called by the VM to write a dirty page to backing store.
@@ -749,6 +751,16 @@ struct address_space_operations {
 	Setting this implies you deal with pages going away under you,
 	unless you have them locked or reference counts increased.
 
+  swap_activate: Called when swapon is used on a file to allocate
+	space if necessary and pin the block lookup information in
+	memory. A return value of zero indicates success,
+	in which case this file can be used to back swapspace. The
+	swapspace operations will be proxied to this address space's
+	->swap_{out,in} methods.
+
+  swap_deactivate: Called during swapoff on files where swap_activate
+  	was successful.
+
 
 The File Object
 ===============
diff --git a/include/linux/fs.h b/include/linux/fs.h
index 8de6755..0dcd1e8 100644
--- a/include/linux/fs.h
+++ b/include/linux/fs.h
@@ -626,6 +626,10 @@ struct address_space_operations {
 	int (*is_partially_uptodate) (struct page *, read_descriptor_t *,
 					unsigned long);
 	int (*error_remove_page)(struct address_space *, struct page *);
+
+	/* swapfile support */
+	int (*swap_activate)(struct file *file);
+	int (*swap_deactivate)(struct file *file);
 };
 
 extern const struct address_space_operations empty_aops;
diff --git a/include/linux/swap.h b/include/linux/swap.h
index b1fd5c7..6b40350 100644
--- a/include/linux/swap.h
+++ b/include/linux/swap.h
@@ -151,6 +151,7 @@ enum {
 	SWP_SOLIDSTATE	= (1 << 4),	/* blkdev seeks are cheap */
 	SWP_CONTINUED	= (1 << 5),	/* swap_map has count continuation */
 	SWP_BLKDEV	= (1 << 6),	/* its a block device */
+	SWP_FILE	= (1 << 7),	/* set after swap_activate success */
 					/* add others here before... */
 	SWP_SCANNING	= (1 << 8),	/* refcount in scan_swap_map */
 };
@@ -316,6 +317,7 @@ static inline void mem_cgroup_uncharge_swap(swp_entry_t ent)
 /* linux/mm/page_io.c */
 extern int swap_readpage(struct page *);
 extern int swap_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc);
+extern int swap_set_page_dirty(struct page *page);
 extern void end_swap_bio_read(struct bio *bio, int err);
 
 /* linux/mm/swap_state.c */
@@ -351,6 +353,7 @@ extern int swap_type_of(dev_t, sector_t, struct block_device **);
 extern unsigned int count_swap_pages(int, int);
 extern sector_t map_swap_page(struct page *, struct block_device **);
 extern sector_t swapdev_block(int, pgoff_t);
+extern struct swap_info_struct *page_swap_info(struct page *);
 extern int reuse_swap_page(struct page *);
 extern int try_to_free_swap(struct page *);
 struct backing_dev_info;
diff --git a/mm/page_io.c b/mm/page_io.c
index dc76b4d..68d8357 100644
--- a/mm/page_io.c
+++ b/mm/page_io.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include <linux/swap.h>
 #include <linux/bio.h>
 #include <linux/swapops.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
 #include <linux/writeback.h>
 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
 
@@ -93,11 +94,38 @@ int swap_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc)
 {
 	struct bio *bio;
 	int ret = 0, rw = WRITE;
+	struct swap_info_struct *sis = page_swap_info(page);
 
 	if (try_to_free_swap(page)) {
 		unlock_page(page);
 		goto out;
 	}
+
+	if (sis->flags & SWP_FILE) {
+		struct kiocb kiocb;
+		struct file *swap_file = sis->swap_file;
+		struct address_space *mapping = swap_file->f_mapping;
+		struct iovec iov = {
+			.iov_base = page_address(page),
+			.iov_len  = PAGE_SIZE,
+		};
+
+		init_sync_kiocb(&kiocb, swap_file);
+		kiocb.ki_pos = page_file_offset(page);
+		kiocb.ki_left = PAGE_SIZE;
+		kiocb.ki_nbytes = PAGE_SIZE;
+
+		unlock_page(page);
+		ret = mapping->a_ops->direct_IO(KERNEL_WRITE,
+						&kiocb, &iov,
+						kiocb.ki_pos, 1);
+		if (ret == PAGE_SIZE) {
+			count_vm_event(PSWPOUT);
+			ret = 0;
+		}
+		return ret;
+	}
+
 	bio = get_swap_bio(GFP_NOIO, page, end_swap_bio_write);
 	if (bio == NULL) {
 		set_page_dirty(page);
@@ -119,9 +147,21 @@ int swap_readpage(struct page *page)
 {
 	struct bio *bio;
 	int ret = 0;
+	struct swap_info_struct *sis = page_swap_info(page);
 
 	VM_BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
 	VM_BUG_ON(PageUptodate(page));
+
+	if (sis->flags & SWP_FILE) {
+		struct file *swap_file = sis->swap_file;
+		struct address_space *mapping = swap_file->f_mapping;
+
+		ret = mapping->a_ops->readpage(swap_file, page);
+		if (!ret)
+			count_vm_event(PSWPIN);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
 	bio = get_swap_bio(GFP_KERNEL, page, end_swap_bio_read);
 	if (bio == NULL) {
 		unlock_page(page);
@@ -133,3 +173,15 @@ int swap_readpage(struct page *page)
 out:
 	return ret;
 }
+
+int swap_set_page_dirty(struct page *page)
+{
+	struct swap_info_struct *sis = page_swap_info(page);
+
+	if (sis->flags & SWP_FILE) {
+		struct address_space *mapping = sis->swap_file->f_mapping;
+		return mapping->a_ops->set_page_dirty(page);
+	} else {
+		return __set_page_dirty_no_writeback(page);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/mm/swap_state.c b/mm/swap_state.c
index 4c5ff7f..c25b9cf 100644
--- a/mm/swap_state.c
+++ b/mm/swap_state.c
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
  */
 static const struct address_space_operations swap_aops = {
 	.writepage	= swap_writepage,
-	.set_page_dirty	= __set_page_dirty_no_writeback,
+	.set_page_dirty	= swap_set_page_dirty,
 	.migratepage	= migrate_page,
 };
 
diff --git a/mm/swapfile.c b/mm/swapfile.c
index df5f148..fe2ed44 100644
--- a/mm/swapfile.c
+++ b/mm/swapfile.c
@@ -1342,6 +1342,14 @@ static void destroy_swap_extents(struct swap_info_struct *sis)
 		list_del(&se->list);
 		kfree(se);
 	}
+
+	if (sis->flags & SWP_FILE) {
+		struct file *swap_file = sis->swap_file;
+		struct address_space *mapping = swap_file->f_mapping;
+
+		sis->flags &= ~SWP_FILE;
+		mapping->a_ops->swap_deactivate(swap_file);
+	}
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1423,7 +1431,9 @@ add_swap_extent(struct swap_info_struct *sis, unsigned long start_page,
  */
 static int setup_swap_extents(struct swap_info_struct *sis, sector_t *span)
 {
-	struct inode *inode;
+	struct file *swap_file = sis->swap_file;
+	struct address_space *mapping = swap_file->f_mapping;
+	struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
 	unsigned blocks_per_page;
 	unsigned long page_no;
 	unsigned blkbits;
@@ -1434,13 +1444,22 @@ static int setup_swap_extents(struct swap_info_struct *sis, sector_t *span)
 	int nr_extents = 0;
 	int ret;
 
-	inode = sis->swap_file->f_mapping->host;
 	if (S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode)) {
 		ret = add_swap_extent(sis, 0, sis->max, 0);
 		*span = sis->pages;
 		goto out;
 	}
 
+	if (mapping->a_ops->swap_activate) {
+		ret = mapping->a_ops->swap_activate(swap_file);
+		if (!ret) {
+			sis->flags |= SWP_FILE;
+			ret = add_swap_extent(sis, 0, sis->max, 0);
+			*span = sis->pages;
+		}
+		goto out;
+	}
+
 	blkbits = inode->i_blkbits;
 	blocks_per_page = PAGE_SIZE >> blkbits;
 
@@ -2293,6 +2312,13 @@ int swapcache_prepare(swp_entry_t entry)
 	return __swap_duplicate(entry, SWAP_HAS_CACHE);
 }
 
+struct swap_info_struct *page_swap_info(struct page *page)
+{
+	swp_entry_t swap = { .val = page_private(page) };
+	BUG_ON(!PageSwapCache(page));
+	return swap_info[swp_type(swap)];
+}
+
 /*
  * out-of-line __page_file_ methods to avoid include hell.
  */
-- 
1.7.9.2

[PATCH 05/12] mm: swap: Implement generic handler for swap_activate

[Mel Gorman]

The version of swap_activate introduced is sufficient for swap-over-NFS
but would not provide enough information to implement a generic handler.
This patch shuffles things slightly to ensure the same information is
available for aops->swap_activate() as is available to the core.

No functionality change.

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
---
 include/linux/fs.h   |    6 ++--
 include/linux/swap.h |    5 +++
 mm/page_io.c         |   92 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 mm/swapfile.c        |   91 +++----------------------------------------------
 4 files changed, 106 insertions(+), 88 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/fs.h b/include/linux/fs.h
index 0dcd1e8..d48e8b8 100644
--- a/include/linux/fs.h
+++ b/include/linux/fs.h
@@ -417,6 +417,7 @@ struct kstatfs;
 struct vm_area_struct;
 struct vfsmount;
 struct cred;
+struct swap_info_struct;
 
 extern void __init inode_init(void);
 extern void __init inode_init_early(void);
@@ -628,8 +629,9 @@ struct address_space_operations {
 	int (*error_remove_page)(struct address_space *, struct page *);
 
 	/* swapfile support */
-	int (*swap_activate)(struct file *file);
-	int (*swap_deactivate)(struct file *file);
+	int (*swap_activate)(struct swap_info_struct *sis, struct file *file,
+				sector_t *span);
+	void (*swap_deactivate)(struct file *file);
 };
 
 extern const struct address_space_operations empty_aops;
diff --git a/include/linux/swap.h b/include/linux/swap.h
index 6b40350..4ab2276 100644
--- a/include/linux/swap.h
+++ b/include/linux/swap.h
@@ -320,6 +320,11 @@ extern int swap_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc);
 extern int swap_set_page_dirty(struct page *page);
 extern void end_swap_bio_read(struct bio *bio, int err);
 
+int add_swap_extent(struct swap_info_struct *sis, unsigned long start_page,
+		unsigned long nr_pages, sector_t start_block);
+int generic_swapfile_activate(struct swap_info_struct *, struct file *,
+		sector_t *);
+
 /* linux/mm/swap_state.c */
 extern struct address_space swapper_space;
 #define total_swapcache_pages  swapper_space.nrpages
diff --git a/mm/page_io.c b/mm/page_io.c
index 68d8357..f363261 100644
--- a/mm/page_io.c
+++ b/mm/page_io.c
@@ -86,6 +86,98 @@ void end_swap_bio_read(struct bio *bio, int err)
 	bio_put(bio);
 }
 
+int generic_swapfile_activate(struct swap_info_struct *sis,
+				struct file *swap_file,
+				sector_t *span)
+{
+	struct address_space *mapping = swap_file->f_mapping;
+	struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
+	unsigned blocks_per_page;
+	unsigned long page_no;
+	unsigned blkbits;
+	sector_t probe_block;
+	sector_t last_block;
+	sector_t lowest_block = -1;
+	sector_t highest_block = 0;
+	int nr_extents = 0;
+	int ret;
+
+	blkbits = inode->i_blkbits;
+	blocks_per_page = PAGE_SIZE >> blkbits;
+
+	/*
+	 * Map all the blocks into the extent list.  This code doesn't try
+	 * to be very smart.
+	 */
+	probe_block = 0;
+	page_no = 0;
+	last_block = i_size_read(inode) >> blkbits;
+	while ((probe_block + blocks_per_page) <= last_block &&
+			page_no < sis->max) {
+		unsigned block_in_page;
+		sector_t first_block;
+
+		first_block = bmap(inode, probe_block);
+		if (first_block == 0)
+			goto bad_bmap;
+
+		/*
+		 * It must be PAGE_SIZE aligned on-disk
+		 */
+		if (first_block & (blocks_per_page - 1)) {
+			probe_block++;
+			goto reprobe;
+		}
+
+		for (block_in_page = 1; block_in_page < blocks_per_page;
+					block_in_page++) {
+			sector_t block;
+
+			block = bmap(inode, probe_block + block_in_page);
+			if (block == 0)
+				goto bad_bmap;
+			if (block != first_block + block_in_page) {
+				/* Discontiguity */
+				probe_block++;
+				goto reprobe;
+			}
+		}
+
+		first_block >>= (PAGE_SHIFT - blkbits);
+		if (page_no) {	/* exclude the header page */
+			if (first_block < lowest_block)
+				lowest_block = first_block;
+			if (first_block > highest_block)
+				highest_block = first_block;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * We found a PAGE_SIZE-length, PAGE_SIZE-aligned run of blocks
+		 */
+		ret = add_swap_extent(sis, page_no, 1, first_block);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			goto out;
+		nr_extents += ret;
+		page_no++;
+		probe_block += blocks_per_page;
+reprobe:
+		continue;
+	}
+	ret = nr_extents;
+	*span = 1 + highest_block - lowest_block;
+	if (page_no == 0)
+		page_no = 1;	/* force Empty message */
+	sis->max = page_no;
+	sis->pages = page_no - 1;
+	sis->highest_bit = page_no - 1;
+out:
+	return ret;
+bad_bmap:
+	printk(KERN_ERR "swapon: swapfile has holes\n");
+	ret = -EINVAL;
+	goto out;
+}
+
 /*
  * We may have stale swap cache pages in memory: notice
  * them here and get rid of the unnecessary final write.
diff --git a/mm/swapfile.c b/mm/swapfile.c
index fe2ed44..80b3415 100644
--- a/mm/swapfile.c
+++ b/mm/swapfile.c
@@ -1358,7 +1358,7 @@ static void destroy_swap_extents(struct swap_info_struct *sis)
  *
  * This function rather assumes that it is called in ascending page order.
  */
-static int
+int
 add_swap_extent(struct swap_info_struct *sis, unsigned long start_page,
 		unsigned long nr_pages, sector_t start_block)
 {
@@ -1434,106 +1434,25 @@ static int setup_swap_extents(struct swap_info_struct *sis, sector_t *span)
 	struct file *swap_file = sis->swap_file;
 	struct address_space *mapping = swap_file->f_mapping;
 	struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
-	unsigned blocks_per_page;
-	unsigned long page_no;
-	unsigned blkbits;
-	sector_t probe_block;
-	sector_t last_block;
-	sector_t lowest_block = -1;
-	sector_t highest_block = 0;
-	int nr_extents = 0;
 	int ret;
 
 	if (S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode)) {
 		ret = add_swap_extent(sis, 0, sis->max, 0);
 		*span = sis->pages;
-		goto out;
+		return ret;
 	}
 
 	if (mapping->a_ops->swap_activate) {
-		ret = mapping->a_ops->swap_activate(swap_file);
+		ret = mapping->a_ops->swap_activate(sis, swap_file, span);
 		if (!ret) {
 			sis->flags |= SWP_FILE;
 			ret = add_swap_extent(sis, 0, sis->max, 0);
 			*span = sis->pages;
 		}
-		goto out;
+		return ret;
 	}
 
-	blkbits = inode->i_blkbits;
-	blocks_per_page = PAGE_SIZE >> blkbits;
-
-	/*
-	 * Map all the blocks into the extent list.  This code doesn't try
-	 * to be very smart.
-	 */
-	probe_block = 0;
-	page_no = 0;
-	last_block = i_size_read(inode) >> blkbits;
-	while ((probe_block + blocks_per_page) <= last_block &&
-			page_no < sis->max) {
-		unsigned block_in_page;
-		sector_t first_block;
-
-		first_block = bmap(inode, probe_block);
-		if (first_block == 0)
-			goto bad_bmap;
-
-		/*
-		 * It must be PAGE_SIZE aligned on-disk
-		 */
-		if (first_block & (blocks_per_page - 1)) {
-			probe_block++;
-			goto reprobe;
-		}
-
-		for (block_in_page = 1; block_in_page < blocks_per_page;
-					block_in_page++) {
-			sector_t block;
-
-			block = bmap(inode, probe_block + block_in_page);
-			if (block == 0)
-				goto bad_bmap;
-			if (block != first_block + block_in_page) {
-				/* Discontiguity */
-				probe_block++;
-				goto reprobe;
-			}
-		}
-
-		first_block >>= (PAGE_SHIFT - blkbits);
-		if (page_no) {	/* exclude the header page */
-			if (first_block < lowest_block)
-				lowest_block = first_block;
-			if (first_block > highest_block)
-				highest_block = first_block;
-		}
-
-		/*
-		 * We found a PAGE_SIZE-length, PAGE_SIZE-aligned run of blocks
-		 */
-		ret = add_swap_extent(sis, page_no, 1, first_block);
-		if (ret < 0)
-			goto out;
-		nr_extents += ret;
-		page_no++;
-		probe_block += blocks_per_page;
-reprobe:
-		continue;
-	}
-	ret = nr_extents;
-	*span = 1 + highest_block - lowest_block;
-	if (page_no == 0)
-		page_no = 1;	/* force Empty message */
-	sis->max = page_no;
-	sis->pages = page_no - 1;
-	sis->highest_bit = page_no - 1;
-out:
-	return ret;
-bad_bmap:
-	printk(KERN_ERR "swapon: swapfile has holes\n");
-	ret = -EINVAL;
-	goto out;
+	return generic_swapfile_activate(sis, swap_file, span);
 }
 
 static void enable_swap_info(struct swap_info_struct *p, int prio,
-- 
1.7.9.2

[PATCH 06/12] mm: Add get_kernel_page[s] for pinning of kernel addresses for I/O

[Mel Gorman]

This patch adds two new APIs get_kernel_pages() and get_kernel_page()
that may be used to pin a vector of kernel addresses for IO. The initial
user is expected to be NFS for allowing pages to be written to swap
using aops->direct_IO(). Strictly speaking, swap-over-NFS only needs
to pin one page for IO but it makes sense to express the API in terms
of a vector and add a helper for pinning single pages.

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
---
 include/linux/blk_types.h |    2 ++
 include/linux/fs.h        |    2 ++
 include/linux/mm.h        |    4 ++++
 mm/memory.c               |   53 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 61 insertions(+)

diff --git a/include/linux/blk_types.h b/include/linux/blk_types.h
index 4053cbd..1e62642 100644
--- a/include/linux/blk_types.h
+++ b/include/linux/blk_types.h
@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ enum rq_flag_bits {
 	__REQ_FLUSH_SEQ,	/* request for flush sequence */
 	__REQ_IO_STAT,		/* account I/O stat */
 	__REQ_MIXED_MERGE,	/* merge of different types, fail separately */
+	__REQ_KERNEL, 		/* direct IO to kernel pages */
 	__REQ_NR_BITS,		/* stops here */
 };
 
@@ -191,5 +192,6 @@ enum rq_flag_bits {
 #define REQ_IO_STAT		(1 << __REQ_IO_STAT)
 #define REQ_MIXED_MERGE		(1 << __REQ_MIXED_MERGE)
 #define REQ_SECURE		(1 << __REQ_SECURE)
+#define REQ_KERNEL		(1 << __REQ_KERNEL)
 
 #endif /* __LINUX_BLK_TYPES_H */
diff --git a/include/linux/fs.h b/include/linux/fs.h
index d48e8b8..150bc85 100644
--- a/include/linux/fs.h
+++ b/include/linux/fs.h
@@ -165,6 +165,8 @@ struct inodes_stat_t {
 #define READ			0
 #define WRITE			RW_MASK
 #define READA			RWA_MASK
+#define KERNEL_READ		(READ|REQ_KERNEL)
+#define KERNEL_WRITE		(WRITE|REQ_KERNEL)
 
 #define READ_SYNC		(READ | REQ_SYNC)
 #define WRITE_SYNC		(WRITE | REQ_SYNC | REQ_NOIDLE)
diff --git a/include/linux/mm.h b/include/linux/mm.h
index 58cc925..cf4a730 100644
--- a/include/linux/mm.h
+++ b/include/linux/mm.h
@@ -1023,6 +1023,10 @@ int get_user_pages(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm,
 			struct page **pages, struct vm_area_struct **vmas);
 int get_user_pages_fast(unsigned long start, int nr_pages, int write,
 			struct page **pages);
+struct kvec;
+int get_kernel_pages(const struct kvec *iov, int nr_pages, int write,
+			struct page **pages);
+int get_kernel_page(unsigned long start, int write, struct page **pages);
 struct page *get_dump_page(unsigned long addr);
 
 extern int try_to_release_page(struct page * page, gfp_t gfp_mask);
diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
index 6105f47..0bc990e7 100644
--- a/mm/memory.c
+++ b/mm/memory.c
@@ -1837,6 +1837,59 @@ next_page:
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__get_user_pages);
 
 /*
+ * get_kernel_pages() - pin kernel pages in memory
+ * @kiov:	An array of struct kvec structures
+ * @nr_segs:	number of segments to pin
+ * @write:	pinning for read/write, currently ignored
+ * @pages:	array that receives pointers to the pages pinned.
+ *		Should be at least nr_segs long.
+ *
+ * Returns number of pages pinned. This may be fewer than the number
+ * requested. If nr_pages is 0 or negative, returns 0. If no pages
+ * were pinned, returns -errno. Each page returned must be released
+ * with a put_page() call when it is finished with.
+ */
+int get_kernel_pages(const struct kvec *kiov, int nr_segs, int write,
+		struct page **pages)
+{
+	int seg;
+
+	for (seg = 0; seg < nr_segs; seg++) {
+		if (WARN_ON(kiov[seg].iov_len != PAGE_SIZE))
+			return seg;
+
+		/* virt_to_page sanity checks the PFN */
+		pages[seg] = virt_to_page(kiov[seg].iov_base);
+		page_cache_get(pages[seg]);
+	}
+
+	return seg;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_kernel_pages);
+
+/*
+ * get_kernel_page() - pin a kernel page in memory
+ * @start:	starting kernel address
+ * @write:	pinning for read/write, currently ignored
+ * @pages:	array that receives pointer to the page pinned.
+ *		Must be at least nr_segs long.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if page is pinned. If the page was not pinned, returns
+ * -errno. The page returned must be released with a put_page() call
+ * when it is finished with.
+ */
+int get_kernel_page(unsigned long start, int write, struct page **pages)
+{
+	const struct kvec kiov = {
+		.iov_base = (void *)start,
+		.iov_len = PAGE_SIZE
+	};
+
+	return get_kernel_pages(&kiov, 1, write, pages);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_kernel_page);
+
+/*
  * fixup_user_fault() - manually resolve a user page fault
  * @tsk:	the task_struct to use for page fault accounting, or
  *		NULL if faults are not to be recorded.
-- 
1.7.9.2

[PATCH 07/12] mm: Add support for direct_IO to highmem pages

[Mel Gorman]

The patch "mm: Add support for a filesystem to activate swap files and
use direct_IO for writing swap pages" added support for using direct_IO
to write swap pages but it is insufficient for highmem pages.

To support highmem pages, this patch kmaps() the page before calling the
direct_IO() handler. As direct_IO deals with virtual addresses an
additional helper is necessary for get_kernel_pages() to lookup the
struct page for a kmap virtual address.

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
---
 include/linux/highmem.h |    7 +++++++
 mm/highmem.c            |   12 ++++++++++++
 mm/memory.c             |    3 +--
 mm/page_io.c            |    3 ++-
 4 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/highmem.h b/include/linux/highmem.h
index d3999b4..e186e3c 100644
--- a/include/linux/highmem.h
+++ b/include/linux/highmem.h
@@ -39,10 +39,17 @@ extern unsigned long totalhigh_pages;
 
 void kmap_flush_unused(void);
 
+struct page *kmap_to_page(void *addr);
+
 #else /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
 
 static inline unsigned int nr_free_highpages(void) { return 0; }
 
+static inline struct page *kmap_to_page(void *addr)
+{
+	return virt_to_page(addr);
+}
+
 #define totalhigh_pages 0UL
 
 #ifndef ARCH_HAS_KMAP
diff --git a/mm/highmem.c b/mm/highmem.c
index 57d82c6..d517cd1 100644
--- a/mm/highmem.c
+++ b/mm/highmem.c
@@ -94,6 +94,18 @@ static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(pkmap_map_wait);
 		do { spin_unlock(&kmap_lock); (void)(flags); } while (0)
 #endif
 
+struct page *kmap_to_page(void *vaddr)
+{
+	unsigned long addr = (unsigned long)vaddr;
+
+	if (addr >= PKMAP_ADDR(0) && addr <= PKMAP_ADDR(LAST_PKMAP)) {
+		int i = (addr - PKMAP_ADDR(0)) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+		return pte_page(pkmap_page_table[i]);
+	}
+
+	return virt_to_page(addr);
+}
+
 static void flush_all_zero_pkmaps(void)
 {
 	int i;
diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
index 0bc990e7..fd32a1a 100644
--- a/mm/memory.c
+++ b/mm/memory.c
@@ -1858,8 +1858,7 @@ int get_kernel_pages(const struct kvec *kiov, int nr_segs, int write,
 		if (WARN_ON(kiov[seg].iov_len != PAGE_SIZE))
 			return seg;
 
-		/* virt_to_page sanity checks the PFN */
-		pages[seg] = virt_to_page(kiov[seg].iov_base);
+		pages[seg] = kmap_to_page(kiov[seg].iov_base);
 		page_cache_get(pages[seg]);
 	}
 
diff --git a/mm/page_io.c b/mm/page_io.c
index f363261..1e39e88 100644
--- a/mm/page_io.c
+++ b/mm/page_io.c
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ int swap_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc)
 		struct file *swap_file = sis->swap_file;
 		struct address_space *mapping = swap_file->f_mapping;
 		struct iovec iov = {
-			.iov_base = page_address(page),
+			.iov_base = kmap(page),
 			.iov_len  = PAGE_SIZE,
 		};
 
@@ -211,6 +211,7 @@ int swap_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc)
 		ret = mapping->a_ops->direct_IO(KERNEL_WRITE,
 						&kiocb, &iov,
 						kiocb.ki_pos, 1);
+		kunmap(page);
 		if (ret == PAGE_SIZE) {
 			count_vm_event(PSWPOUT);
 			ret = 0;
-- 
1.7.9.2

[PATCH 08/12] nfs: teach the NFS client how to treat PG_swapcache pages

[Mel Gorman]

Replace all relevant occurences of page->index and page->mapping in
the NFS client with the new page_file_index() and page_file_mapping()
functions.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
---
 fs/nfs/file.c     |    6 +++---
 fs/nfs/internal.h |    7 ++++---
 fs/nfs/pagelist.c |    4 ++--
 fs/nfs/read.c     |    6 +++---
 fs/nfs/write.c    |   40 +++++++++++++++++++++-------------------
 5 files changed, 33 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/nfs/file.c b/fs/nfs/file.c
index aa9b709..6ead5e3 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/file.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/file.c
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ static void nfs_invalidate_page(struct page *page, unsigned long offset)
 	if (offset != 0)
 		return;
 	/* Cancel any unstarted writes on this page */
-	nfs_wb_page_cancel(page->mapping->host, page);
+	nfs_wb_page_cancel(page_file_mapping(page)->host, page);
 
 	nfs_fscache_invalidate_page(page, page->mapping->host);
 }
@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ static int nfs_release_page(struct page *page, gfp_t gfp)
  */
 static int nfs_launder_page(struct page *page)
 {
-	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+	struct inode *inode = page_file_mapping(page)->host;
 	struct nfs_inode *nfsi = NFS_I(inode);
 
 	dfprintk(PAGECACHE, "NFS: launder_page(%ld, %llu)\n",
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ static int nfs_vm_page_mkwrite(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct vm_fault *vmf)
 	nfs_fscache_wait_on_page_write(NFS_I(dentry->d_inode), page);
 
 	lock_page(page);
-	mapping = page->mapping;
+	mapping = page_file_mapping(page);
 	if (mapping != dentry->d_inode->i_mapping)
 		goto out_unlock;
 
diff --git a/fs/nfs/internal.h b/fs/nfs/internal.h
index 2476dc69..a7c16f3 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/internal.h
+++ b/fs/nfs/internal.h
@@ -434,13 +434,14 @@ void nfs_super_set_maxbytes(struct super_block *sb, __u64 maxfilesize)
 static inline
 unsigned int nfs_page_length(struct page *page)
 {
-	loff_t i_size = i_size_read(page->mapping->host);
+	loff_t i_size = i_size_read(page_file_mapping(page)->host);
 
 	if (i_size > 0) {
+		pgoff_t page_index = page_file_index(page);
 		pgoff_t end_index = (i_size - 1) >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
-		if (page->index < end_index)
+		if (page_index < end_index)
 			return PAGE_CACHE_SIZE;
-		if (page->index == end_index)
+		if (page_index == end_index)
 			return ((i_size - 1) & ~PAGE_CACHE_MASK) + 1;
 	}
 	return 0;
diff --git a/fs/nfs/pagelist.c b/fs/nfs/pagelist.c
index d21fcea..77aa83e 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/pagelist.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/pagelist.c
@@ -77,11 +77,11 @@ nfs_create_request(struct nfs_open_context *ctx, struct inode *inode,
 	 * update_nfs_request below if the region is not locked. */
 	req->wb_page    = page;
 	atomic_set(&req->wb_complete, 0);
-	req->wb_index	= page->index;
+	req->wb_index	= page_file_index(page);
 	page_cache_get(page);
 	BUG_ON(PagePrivate(page));
 	BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
-	BUG_ON(page->mapping->host != inode);
+	BUG_ON(page_file_mapping(page)->host != inode);
 	req->wb_offset  = offset;
 	req->wb_pgbase	= offset;
 	req->wb_bytes   = count;
diff --git a/fs/nfs/read.c b/fs/nfs/read.c
index 0a4be28..fb69784 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/read.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/read.c
@@ -548,11 +548,11 @@ static const struct rpc_call_ops nfs_read_full_ops = {
 int nfs_readpage(struct file *file, struct page *page)
 {
 	struct nfs_open_context *ctx;
-	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+	struct inode *inode = page_file_mapping(page)->host;
 	int		error;
 
 	dprintk("NFS: nfs_readpage (%p %ld@%lu)\n",
-		page, PAGE_CACHE_SIZE, page->index);
+		page, PAGE_CACHE_SIZE, page_file_index(page));
 	nfs_inc_stats(inode, NFSIOS_VFSREADPAGE);
 	nfs_add_stats(inode, NFSIOS_READPAGES, 1);
 
@@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ static int
 readpage_async_filler(void *data, struct page *page)
 {
 	struct nfs_readdesc *desc = (struct nfs_readdesc *)data;
-	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+	struct inode *inode = page_file_mapping(page)->host;
 	struct nfs_page *new;
 	unsigned int len;
 	int error;
diff --git a/fs/nfs/write.c b/fs/nfs/write.c
index c074623..8223b2c 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/write.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/write.c
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ static struct nfs_page *nfs_page_find_request_locked(struct page *page)
 
 static struct nfs_page *nfs_page_find_request(struct page *page)
 {
-	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+	struct inode *inode = page_file_mapping(page)->host;
 	struct nfs_page *req = NULL;
 
 	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
@@ -137,16 +137,16 @@ static struct nfs_page *nfs_page_find_request(struct page *page)
 /* Adjust the file length if we're writing beyond the end */
 static void nfs_grow_file(struct page *page, unsigned int offset, unsigned int count)
 {
-	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+	struct inode *inode = page_file_mapping(page)->host;
 	loff_t end, i_size;
 	pgoff_t end_index;
 
 	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
 	i_size = i_size_read(inode);
 	end_index = (i_size - 1) >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
-	if (i_size > 0 && page->index < end_index)
+	if (i_size > 0 && page_file_index(page) < end_index)
 		goto out;
-	end = ((loff_t)page->index << PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT) + ((loff_t)offset+count);
+	end = page_file_offset(page) + ((loff_t)offset+count);
 	if (i_size >= end)
 		goto out;
 	i_size_write(inode, end);
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ out:
 static void nfs_set_pageerror(struct page *page)
 {
 	SetPageError(page);
-	nfs_zap_mapping(page->mapping->host, page->mapping);
+	nfs_zap_mapping(page_file_mapping(page)->host, page_file_mapping(page));
 }
 
 /* We can set the PG_uptodate flag if we see that a write request
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ static int nfs_set_page_writeback(struct page *page)
 	int ret = test_set_page_writeback(page);
 
 	if (!ret) {
-		struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+		struct inode *inode = page_file_mapping(page)->host;
 		struct nfs_server *nfss = NFS_SERVER(inode);
 
 		page_cache_get(page);
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ static int nfs_set_page_writeback(struct page *page)
 
 static void nfs_end_page_writeback(struct page *page)
 {
-	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+	struct inode *inode = page_file_mapping(page)->host;
 	struct nfs_server *nfss = NFS_SERVER(inode);
 
 	end_page_writeback(page);
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ static void nfs_end_page_writeback(struct page *page)
 
 static struct nfs_page *nfs_find_and_lock_request(struct page *page, bool nonblock)
 {
-	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+	struct inode *inode = page_file_mapping(page)->host;
 	struct nfs_page *req;
 	int ret;
 
@@ -287,13 +287,13 @@ out:
 
 static int nfs_do_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc, struct nfs_pageio_descriptor *pgio)
 {
-	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+	struct inode *inode = page_file_mapping(page)->host;
 	int ret;
 
 	nfs_inc_stats(inode, NFSIOS_VFSWRITEPAGE);
 	nfs_add_stats(inode, NFSIOS_WRITEPAGES, 1);
 
-	nfs_pageio_cond_complete(pgio, page->index);
+	nfs_pageio_cond_complete(pgio, page_file_index(page));
 	ret = nfs_page_async_flush(pgio, page, wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_NONE);
 	if (ret == -EAGAIN) {
 		redirty_page_for_writepage(wbc, page);
@@ -310,7 +310,8 @@ static int nfs_writepage_locked(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc
 	struct nfs_pageio_descriptor pgio;
 	int err;
 
-	nfs_pageio_init_write(&pgio, page->mapping->host, wb_priority(wbc));
+	nfs_pageio_init_write(&pgio, page_file_mapping(page)->host,
+			wb_priority(wbc));
 	err = nfs_do_writepage(page, wbc, &pgio);
 	nfs_pageio_complete(&pgio);
 	if (err < 0)
@@ -441,7 +442,8 @@ nfs_request_add_commit_list(struct nfs_page *req, struct list_head *head)
 	NFS_I(inode)->ncommit++;
 	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 	inc_zone_page_state(req->wb_page, NR_UNSTABLE_NFS);
-	inc_bdi_stat(req->wb_page->mapping->backing_dev_info, BDI_RECLAIMABLE);
+	inc_bdi_stat(page_file_mapping(req->wb_page)->backing_dev_info,
+			BDI_RECLAIMABLE);
 	__mark_inode_dirty(inode, I_DIRTY_DATASYNC);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nfs_request_add_commit_list);
@@ -486,7 +488,7 @@ static void
 nfs_clear_page_commit(struct page *page)
 {
 	dec_zone_page_state(page, NR_UNSTABLE_NFS);
-	dec_bdi_stat(page->mapping->backing_dev_info, BDI_RECLAIMABLE);
+	dec_bdi_stat(page_file_mapping(page)->backing_dev_info, BDI_RECLAIMABLE);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -703,7 +705,7 @@ out_err:
 static struct nfs_page * nfs_setup_write_request(struct nfs_open_context* ctx,
 		struct page *page, unsigned int offset, unsigned int bytes)
 {
-	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+	struct inode *inode = page_file_mapping(page)->host;
 	struct nfs_page	*req;
 
 	req = nfs_try_to_update_request(inode, page, offset, bytes);
@@ -756,7 +758,7 @@ int nfs_flush_incompatible(struct file *file, struct page *page)
 		nfs_release_request(req);
 		if (!do_flush)
 			return 0;
-		status = nfs_wb_page(page->mapping->host, page);
+		status = nfs_wb_page(page_file_mapping(page)->host, page);
 	} while (status == 0);
 	return status;
 }
@@ -782,7 +784,7 @@ int nfs_updatepage(struct file *file, struct page *page,
 		unsigned int offset, unsigned int count)
 {
 	struct nfs_open_context *ctx = nfs_file_open_context(file);
-	struct inode	*inode = page->mapping->host;
+	struct inode	*inode = page_file_mapping(page)->host;
 	int		status = 0;
 
 	nfs_inc_stats(inode, NFSIOS_VFSUPDATEPAGE);
@@ -790,7 +792,7 @@ int nfs_updatepage(struct file *file, struct page *page,
 	dprintk("NFS:       nfs_updatepage(%s/%s %d@%lld)\n",
 		file->f_path.dentry->d_parent->d_name.name,
 		file->f_path.dentry->d_name.name, count,
-		(long long)(page_offset(page) + offset));
+		(long long)(page_file_offset(page) + offset));
 
 	/* If we're not using byte range locks, and we know the page
 	 * is up to date, it may be more efficient to extend the write
@@ -1150,7 +1152,7 @@ static void nfs_writeback_release_partial(void *calldata)
 	}
 
 	if (nfs_write_need_commit(data)) {
-		struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+		struct inode *inode = page_file_mapping(page)->host;
 
 		spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
 		if (test_bit(PG_NEED_RESCHED, &req->wb_flags)) {
@@ -1442,7 +1444,7 @@ void nfs_retry_commit(struct list_head *page_list,
 		nfs_list_remove_request(req);
 		nfs_mark_request_commit(req, lseg);
 		dec_zone_page_state(req->wb_page, NR_UNSTABLE_NFS);
-		dec_bdi_stat(req->wb_page->mapping->backing_dev_info,
+		dec_bdi_stat(page_file_mapping(req->wb_page)->backing_dev_info,
 			     BDI_RECLAIMABLE);
 		nfs_unlock_request(req);
 	}
-- 
1.7.9.2

[PATCH 09/12] nfs: disable data cache revalidation for swapfiles

[Mel Gorman]

The VM does not like PG_private set on PG_swapcache pages. As suggested
by Trond in http://lkml.org/lkml/2006/8/25/348, this patch disables
NFS data cache revalidation on swap files.  as it does not make
sense to have other clients change the file while it is being used as
swap. This avoids setting PG_private on swap pages, since there ought
to be no further races with invalidate_inode_pages2() to deal with.

Since we cannot set PG_private we cannot use page->private which
is already used by PG_swapcache pages to store the nfs_page. Thus
augment the new nfs_page_find_request logic.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
---
 fs/nfs/inode.c |    6 ++++++
 fs/nfs/write.c |   49 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------
 2 files changed, 41 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/nfs/inode.c b/fs/nfs/inode.c
index e8bbfa5..af43ef6 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/inode.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/inode.c
@@ -880,6 +880,12 @@ int nfs_revalidate_mapping(struct inode *inode, struct address_space *mapping)
 	struct nfs_inode *nfsi = NFS_I(inode);
 	int ret = 0;
 
+	/*
+	 * swapfiles are not supposed to be shared.
+	 */
+	if (IS_SWAPFILE(inode))
+		goto out;
+
 	if ((nfsi->cache_validity & NFS_INO_REVAL_PAGECACHE)
 			|| nfs_attribute_cache_expired(inode)
 			|| NFS_STALE(inode)) {
diff --git a/fs/nfs/write.c b/fs/nfs/write.c
index 8223b2c..21cfe71 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/write.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/write.c
@@ -111,15 +111,28 @@ static void nfs_context_set_write_error(struct nfs_open_context *ctx, int error)
 	set_bit(NFS_CONTEXT_ERROR_WRITE, &ctx->flags);
 }
 
-static struct nfs_page *nfs_page_find_request_locked(struct page *page)
+static struct nfs_page *
+nfs_page_find_request_locked(struct nfs_inode *nfsi, struct page *page)
 {
 	struct nfs_page *req = NULL;
 
-	if (PagePrivate(page)) {
+	if (PagePrivate(page))
 		req = (struct nfs_page *)page_private(page);
-		if (req != NULL)
-			kref_get(&req->wb_kref);
+	else if (unlikely(PageSwapCache(page))) {
+		struct nfs_page *freq, *t;
+
+		/* Linearly search the commit list for the correct req */
+		list_for_each_entry_safe(freq, t, &nfsi->commit_list, wb_list) {
+			if (freq->wb_page == page) {
+				req = freq;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
 	}
+
+	if (req)
+		kref_get(&req->wb_kref);
+
 	return req;
 }
 
@@ -129,7 +142,7 @@ static struct nfs_page *nfs_page_find_request(struct page *page)
 	struct nfs_page *req = NULL;
 
 	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
-	req = nfs_page_find_request_locked(page);
+	req = nfs_page_find_request_locked(NFS_I(inode), page);
 	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 	return req;
 }
@@ -232,7 +245,7 @@ static struct nfs_page *nfs_find_and_lock_request(struct page *page, bool nonblo
 
 	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
 	for (;;) {
-		req = nfs_page_find_request_locked(page);
+		req = nfs_page_find_request_locked(NFS_I(inode), page);
 		if (req == NULL)
 			break;
 		if (nfs_lock_request_dontget(req))
@@ -385,9 +398,15 @@ static void nfs_inode_add_request(struct inode *inode, struct nfs_page *req)
 	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
 	if (!nfsi->npages && nfs_have_delegation(inode, FMODE_WRITE))
 		inode->i_version++;
-	set_bit(PG_MAPPED, &req->wb_flags);
-	SetPagePrivate(req->wb_page);
-	set_page_private(req->wb_page, (unsigned long)req);
+	/*
+	 * Swap-space should not get truncated. Hence no need to plug the race
+	 * with invalidate/truncate.
+	 */
+	if (likely(!PageSwapCache(req->wb_page))) {
+		set_bit(PG_MAPPED, &req->wb_flags);
+		SetPagePrivate(req->wb_page);
+		set_page_private(req->wb_page, (unsigned long)req);
+	}
 	nfsi->npages++;
 	kref_get(&req->wb_kref);
 	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
@@ -404,9 +423,11 @@ static void nfs_inode_remove_request(struct nfs_page *req)
 	BUG_ON (!NFS_WBACK_BUSY(req));
 
 	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
-	set_page_private(req->wb_page, 0);
-	ClearPagePrivate(req->wb_page);
-	clear_bit(PG_MAPPED, &req->wb_flags);
+	if (likely(!PageSwapCache(req->wb_page))) {
+		set_page_private(req->wb_page, 0);
+		ClearPagePrivate(req->wb_page);
+		clear_bit(PG_MAPPED, &req->wb_flags);
+	}
 	nfsi->npages--;
 	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 	nfs_release_request(req);
@@ -646,7 +667,7 @@ static struct nfs_page *nfs_try_to_update_request(struct inode *inode,
 	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
 
 	for (;;) {
-		req = nfs_page_find_request_locked(page);
+		req = nfs_page_find_request_locked(NFS_I(inode), page);
 		if (req == NULL)
 			goto out_unlock;
 
@@ -1691,7 +1712,7 @@ int nfs_wb_page_cancel(struct inode *inode, struct page *page)
  */
 int nfs_wb_page(struct inode *inode, struct page *page)
 {
-	loff_t range_start = page_offset(page);
+	loff_t range_start = page_file_offset(page);
 	loff_t range_end = range_start + (loff_t)(PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1);
 	struct writeback_control wbc = {
 		.sync_mode = WB_SYNC_ALL,
-- 
1.7.9.2

[PATCH 10/12] nfs: enable swap on NFS

[Mel Gorman]

Implement the new swapfile a_ops for NFS and hook up ->direct_IO. This
will set the NFS socket to SOCK_MEMALLOC and run socket reconnect
under PF_MEMALLOC as well as reset SOCK_MEMALLOC before engaging the
protocol ->connect() method.

PF_MEMALLOC should allow the allocation of struct socket and related
objects and the early (re)setting of SOCK_MEMALLOC should allow us
to receive the packets required for the TCP connection buildup.

[dfeng@redhat.com: Fix handling of multiple swap files]
[a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl: Original patch]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
---
 fs/nfs/Kconfig              |    8 ++++
 fs/nfs/direct.c             |   94 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------
 fs/nfs/file.c               |   22 +++++++++-
 include/linux/nfs_fs.h      |    4 +-
 include/linux/sunrpc/xprt.h |    3 ++
 net/sunrpc/Kconfig          |    5 +++
 net/sunrpc/clnt.c           |    2 +
 net/sunrpc/sched.c          |    7 +++-
 net/sunrpc/xprtsock.c       |   53 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 9 files changed, 161 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/nfs/Kconfig b/fs/nfs/Kconfig
index 2a0e6c5..ff93d0c 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/Kconfig
+++ b/fs/nfs/Kconfig
@@ -75,6 +75,14 @@ config NFS_V4
 
 	  If unsure, say Y.
 
+config NFS_SWAP
+	bool "Provide swap over NFS support"
+	default n
+	depends on NFS_FS
+	select SUNRPC_SWAP
+	help
+	  This option enables swapon to work on files located on NFS mounts.
+
 config NFS_V4_1
 	bool "NFS client support for NFSv4.1 (EXPERIMENTAL)"
 	depends on NFS_FS && NFS_V4 && EXPERIMENTAL
diff --git a/fs/nfs/direct.c b/fs/nfs/direct.c
index 481be7f..2ef7395 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/direct.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/direct.c
@@ -111,17 +111,28 @@ static inline int put_dreq(struct nfs_direct_req *dreq)
  * @nr_segs: size of iovec array
  *
  * The presence of this routine in the address space ops vector means
- * the NFS client supports direct I/O.  However, we shunt off direct
- * read and write requests before the VFS gets them, so this method
- * should never be called.
+ * the NFS client supports direct I/O. However, for most direct IO, we
+ * shunt off direct read and write requests before the VFS gets them,
+ * so this method is only ever called for swap.
  */
 ssize_t nfs_direct_IO(int rw, struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov, loff_t pos, unsigned long nr_segs)
 {
+#ifndef CONFIG_NFS_SWAP
 	dprintk("NFS: nfs_direct_IO (%s) off/no(%Ld/%lu) EINVAL\n",
 			iocb->ki_filp->f_path.dentry->d_name.name,
 			(long long) pos, nr_segs);
 
 	return -EINVAL;
+#else
+	VM_BUG_ON(iocb->ki_left != PAGE_SIZE);
+	VM_BUG_ON(iocb->ki_nbytes != PAGE_SIZE);
+
+	if (rw == READ || rw == KERNEL_READ)
+		return nfs_file_direct_read(iocb, iov, nr_segs, pos,
+				rw == READ ? true : false);
+	return nfs_file_direct_write(iocb, iov, nr_segs, pos,
+				rw == WRITE ? true : false);
+#endif /* CONFIG_NFS_SWAP */
 }
 
 static void nfs_direct_dirty_pages(struct page **pages, unsigned int pgbase, size_t count)
@@ -278,7 +289,7 @@ static const struct rpc_call_ops nfs_read_direct_ops = {
  */
 static ssize_t nfs_direct_read_schedule_segment(struct nfs_direct_req *dreq,
 						const struct iovec *iov,
-						loff_t pos)
+						loff_t pos, bool uio)
 {
 	struct nfs_open_context *ctx = dreq->ctx;
 	struct inode *inode = ctx->dentry->d_inode;
@@ -312,13 +323,22 @@ static ssize_t nfs_direct_read_schedule_segment(struct nfs_direct_req *dreq,
 		if (unlikely(!data))
 			break;
 
-		down_read(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
-		result = get_user_pages(current, current->mm, user_addr,
-					data->npages, 1, 0, data->pagevec, NULL);
-		up_read(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
-		if (result < 0) {
-			nfs_readdata_free(data);
-			break;
+		if (uio) {
+			down_read(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
+			result = get_user_pages(current, current->mm, user_addr,
+				data->npages, 1, 0, data->pagevec, NULL);
+			up_read(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
+			if (result < 0) {
+				nfs_readdata_free(data);
+				break;
+			}
+		} else {
+			WARN_ON(data->npages != 1);
+			result = get_kernel_page(user_addr, 1, data->pagevec);
+			if (WARN_ON(result != 1)) {
+				nfs_readdata_free(data);
+				break;
+			}
 		}
 		if ((unsigned)result < data->npages) {
 			bytes = result * PAGE_SIZE;
@@ -386,7 +406,7 @@ static ssize_t nfs_direct_read_schedule_segment(struct nfs_direct_req *dreq,
 static ssize_t nfs_direct_read_schedule_iovec(struct nfs_direct_req *dreq,
 					      const struct iovec *iov,
 					      unsigned long nr_segs,
-					      loff_t pos)
+					      loff_t pos, bool uio)
 {
 	ssize_t result = -EINVAL;
 	size_t requested_bytes = 0;
@@ -396,7 +416,7 @@ static ssize_t nfs_direct_read_schedule_iovec(struct nfs_direct_req *dreq,
 
 	for (seg = 0; seg < nr_segs; seg++) {
 		const struct iovec *vec = &iov[seg];
-		result = nfs_direct_read_schedule_segment(dreq, vec, pos);
+		result = nfs_direct_read_schedule_segment(dreq, vec, pos, uio);
 		if (result < 0)
 			break;
 		requested_bytes += result;
@@ -420,7 +440,7 @@ static ssize_t nfs_direct_read_schedule_iovec(struct nfs_direct_req *dreq,
 }
 
 static ssize_t nfs_direct_read(struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
-			       unsigned long nr_segs, loff_t pos)
+			       unsigned long nr_segs, loff_t pos, bool uio)
 {
 	ssize_t result = -ENOMEM;
 	struct inode *inode = iocb->ki_filp->f_mapping->host;
@@ -438,7 +458,7 @@ static ssize_t nfs_direct_read(struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
 	if (!is_sync_kiocb(iocb))
 		dreq->iocb = iocb;
 
-	result = nfs_direct_read_schedule_iovec(dreq, iov, nr_segs, pos);
+	result = nfs_direct_read_schedule_iovec(dreq, iov, nr_segs, pos, uio);
 	if (!result)
 		result = nfs_direct_wait(dreq);
 out_release:
@@ -705,7 +725,8 @@ static const struct rpc_call_ops nfs_write_direct_ops = {
  */
 static ssize_t nfs_direct_write_schedule_segment(struct nfs_direct_req *dreq,
 						 const struct iovec *iov,
-						 loff_t pos, int sync)
+						 loff_t pos, int sync,
+						 bool uio)
 {
 	struct nfs_open_context *ctx = dreq->ctx;
 	struct inode *inode = ctx->dentry->d_inode;
@@ -739,13 +760,22 @@ static ssize_t nfs_direct_write_schedule_segment(struct nfs_direct_req *dreq,
 		if (unlikely(!data))
 			break;
 
-		down_read(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
-		result = get_user_pages(current, current->mm, user_addr,
-					data->npages, 0, 0, data->pagevec, NULL);
-		up_read(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
-		if (result < 0) {
-			nfs_writedata_free(data);
-			break;
+		if (uio) {
+			down_read(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
+			result = get_user_pages(current, current->mm, user_addr,
+				data->npages, 0, 0, data->pagevec, NULL);
+			up_read(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
+			if (result < 0) {
+				nfs_writedata_free(data);
+				break;
+			}
+		} else {
+			WARN_ON(data->npages != 1);
+			result = get_kernel_page(user_addr, 0, data->pagevec);
+			if (WARN_ON(result != 1)) {
+				nfs_writedata_free(data);
+				break;
+			}
 		}
 		if ((unsigned)result < data->npages) {
 			bytes = result * PAGE_SIZE;
@@ -817,7 +847,8 @@ static ssize_t nfs_direct_write_schedule_segment(struct nfs_direct_req *dreq,
 static ssize_t nfs_direct_write_schedule_iovec(struct nfs_direct_req *dreq,
 					       const struct iovec *iov,
 					       unsigned long nr_segs,
-					       loff_t pos, int sync)
+					       loff_t pos, int sync,
+					       bool uio)
 {
 	ssize_t result = 0;
 	size_t requested_bytes = 0;
@@ -828,7 +859,7 @@ static ssize_t nfs_direct_write_schedule_iovec(struct nfs_direct_req *dreq,
 	for (seg = 0; seg < nr_segs; seg++) {
 		const struct iovec *vec = &iov[seg];
 		result = nfs_direct_write_schedule_segment(dreq, vec,
-							   pos, sync);
+							   pos, sync, uio);
 		if (result < 0)
 			break;
 		requested_bytes += result;
@@ -853,7 +884,7 @@ static ssize_t nfs_direct_write_schedule_iovec(struct nfs_direct_req *dreq,
 
 static ssize_t nfs_direct_write(struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
 				unsigned long nr_segs, loff_t pos,
-				size_t count)
+				size_t count, bool uio)
 {
 	ssize_t result = -ENOMEM;
 	struct inode *inode = iocb->ki_filp->f_mapping->host;
@@ -877,7 +908,8 @@ static ssize_t nfs_direct_write(struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
 	if (!is_sync_kiocb(iocb))
 		dreq->iocb = iocb;
 
-	result = nfs_direct_write_schedule_iovec(dreq, iov, nr_segs, pos, sync);
+	result = nfs_direct_write_schedule_iovec(dreq, iov, nr_segs, pos,
+								sync, uio);
 	if (!result)
 		result = nfs_direct_wait(dreq);
 out_release:
@@ -908,7 +940,7 @@ out:
  * cache.
  */
 ssize_t nfs_file_direct_read(struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
-				unsigned long nr_segs, loff_t pos)
+				unsigned long nr_segs, loff_t pos, bool uio)
 {
 	ssize_t retval = -EINVAL;
 	struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
@@ -933,7 +965,7 @@ ssize_t nfs_file_direct_read(struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
 
 	task_io_account_read(count);
 
-	retval = nfs_direct_read(iocb, iov, nr_segs, pos);
+	retval = nfs_direct_read(iocb, iov, nr_segs, pos, uio);
 	if (retval > 0)
 		iocb->ki_pos = pos + retval;
 
@@ -964,7 +996,7 @@ out:
  * is no atomic O_APPEND write facility in the NFS protocol.
  */
 ssize_t nfs_file_direct_write(struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
-				unsigned long nr_segs, loff_t pos)
+				unsigned long nr_segs, loff_t pos, bool uio)
 {
 	ssize_t retval = -EINVAL;
 	struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
@@ -996,7 +1028,7 @@ ssize_t nfs_file_direct_write(struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
 
 	task_io_account_write(count);
 
-	retval = nfs_direct_write(iocb, iov, nr_segs, pos, count);
+	retval = nfs_direct_write(iocb, iov, nr_segs, pos, count, uio);
 
 	if (retval > 0)
 		iocb->ki_pos = pos + retval;
diff --git a/fs/nfs/file.c b/fs/nfs/file.c
index 6ead5e3..0e330f2 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/file.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/file.c
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ nfs_file_read(struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
 	ssize_t result;
 
 	if (iocb->ki_filp->f_flags & O_DIRECT)
-		return nfs_file_direct_read(iocb, iov, nr_segs, pos);
+		return nfs_file_direct_read(iocb, iov, nr_segs, pos, true);
 
 	dprintk("NFS: read(%s/%s, %lu@%lu)\n",
 		dentry->d_parent->d_name.name, dentry->d_name.name,
@@ -486,6 +486,20 @@ static int nfs_launder_page(struct page *page)
 	return nfs_wb_page(inode, page);
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_NFS_SWAP
+static int nfs_swap_activate(struct swap_info_struct *sis, struct file *file,
+						sector_t *span)
+{
+	*span = sis->pages;
+	return xs_swapper(NFS_CLIENT(file->f_mapping->host)->cl_xprt, 1);
+}
+
+static void nfs_swap_deactivate(struct file *file)
+{
+	xs_swapper(NFS_CLIENT(file->f_mapping->host)->cl_xprt, 0);
+}
+#endif
+
 const struct address_space_operations nfs_file_aops = {
 	.readpage = nfs_readpage,
 	.readpages = nfs_readpages,
@@ -500,6 +514,10 @@ const struct address_space_operations nfs_file_aops = {
 	.migratepage = nfs_migrate_page,
 	.launder_page = nfs_launder_page,
 	.error_remove_page = generic_error_remove_page,
+#ifdef CONFIG_NFS_SWAP
+	.swap_activate = nfs_swap_activate,
+	.swap_deactivate = nfs_swap_deactivate,
+#endif
 };
 
 /*
@@ -574,7 +592,7 @@ static ssize_t nfs_file_write(struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
 	size_t count = iov_length(iov, nr_segs);
 
 	if (iocb->ki_filp->f_flags & O_DIRECT)
-		return nfs_file_direct_write(iocb, iov, nr_segs, pos);
+		return nfs_file_direct_write(iocb, iov, nr_segs, pos, true);
 
 	dprintk("NFS: write(%s/%s, %lu@%Ld)\n",
 		dentry->d_parent->d_name.name, dentry->d_name.name,
diff --git a/include/linux/nfs_fs.h b/include/linux/nfs_fs.h
index 52a1bdb..1f4efab 100644
--- a/include/linux/nfs_fs.h
+++ b/include/linux/nfs_fs.h
@@ -481,10 +481,10 @@ extern ssize_t nfs_direct_IO(int, struct kiocb *, const struct iovec *, loff_t,
 			unsigned long);
 extern ssize_t nfs_file_direct_read(struct kiocb *iocb,
 			const struct iovec *iov, unsigned long nr_segs,
-			loff_t pos);
+			loff_t pos, bool uio);
 extern ssize_t nfs_file_direct_write(struct kiocb *iocb,
 			const struct iovec *iov, unsigned long nr_segs,
-			loff_t pos);
+			loff_t pos, bool uio);
 
 /*
  * linux/fs/nfs/dir.c
diff --git a/include/linux/sunrpc/xprt.h b/include/linux/sunrpc/xprt.h
index 77d278d..cff40aa 100644
--- a/include/linux/sunrpc/xprt.h
+++ b/include/linux/sunrpc/xprt.h
@@ -174,6 +174,8 @@ struct rpc_xprt {
 	unsigned long		state;		/* transport state */
 	unsigned char		shutdown   : 1,	/* being shut down */
 				resvport   : 1; /* use a reserved port */
+	unsigned int		swapper;	/* we're swapping over this
+						   transport */
 	unsigned int		bind_index;	/* bind function index */
 
 	/*
@@ -316,6 +318,7 @@ void			xprt_release_rqst_cong(struct rpc_task *task);
 void			xprt_disconnect_done(struct rpc_xprt *xprt);
 void			xprt_force_disconnect(struct rpc_xprt *xprt);
 void			xprt_conditional_disconnect(struct rpc_xprt *xprt, unsigned int cookie);
+int			xs_swapper(struct rpc_xprt *xprt, int enable);
 
 /*
  * Reserved bit positions in xprt->state
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/Kconfig b/net/sunrpc/Kconfig
index 9fe8857..03d03e3 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/Kconfig
+++ b/net/sunrpc/Kconfig
@@ -21,6 +21,11 @@ config SUNRPC_XPRT_RDMA
 
 	  If unsure, say N.
 
+config SUNRPC_SWAP
+	bool
+	depends on SUNRPC
+	select NETVM
+
 config RPCSEC_GSS_KRB5
 	tristate "Secure RPC: Kerberos V mechanism"
 	depends on SUNRPC && CRYPTO
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/clnt.c b/net/sunrpc/clnt.c
index 6797246..c01d35f 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/clnt.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/clnt.c
@@ -691,6 +691,8 @@ void rpc_task_set_client(struct rpc_task *task, struct rpc_clnt *clnt)
 		atomic_inc(&clnt->cl_count);
 		if (clnt->cl_softrtry)
 			task->tk_flags |= RPC_TASK_SOFT;
+		if (task->tk_client->cl_xprt->swapper)
+			task->tk_flags |= RPC_TASK_SWAPPER;
 		/* Add to the client's list of all tasks */
 		spin_lock(&clnt->cl_lock);
 		list_add_tail(&task->tk_task, &clnt->cl_tasks);
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/sched.c b/net/sunrpc/sched.c
index 994cfea..83a4c43 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/sched.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/sched.c
@@ -812,7 +812,10 @@ static void rpc_async_schedule(struct work_struct *work)
 void *rpc_malloc(struct rpc_task *task, size_t size)
 {
 	struct rpc_buffer *buf;
-	gfp_t gfp = RPC_IS_SWAPPER(task) ? GFP_ATOMIC : GFP_NOWAIT;
+	gfp_t gfp = GFP_NOWAIT;
+
+	if (RPC_IS_SWAPPER(task))
+		gfp |= __GFP_MEMALLOC;
 
 	size += sizeof(struct rpc_buffer);
 	if (size <= RPC_BUFFER_MAXSIZE)
@@ -886,7 +889,7 @@ static void rpc_init_task(struct rpc_task *task, const struct rpc_task_setup *ta
 static struct rpc_task *
 rpc_alloc_task(void)
 {
-	return (struct rpc_task *)mempool_alloc(rpc_task_mempool, GFP_NOFS);
+	return (struct rpc_task *)mempool_alloc(rpc_task_mempool, GFP_NOIO);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/net/sunrpc/xprtsock.c b/net/sunrpc/xprtsock.c
index 890b03f..b84df34 100644
--- a/net/sunrpc/xprtsock.c
+++ b/net/sunrpc/xprtsock.c
@@ -1930,6 +1930,45 @@ out:
 	xprt_wake_pending_tasks(xprt, status);
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_SUNRPC_SWAP
+static void xs_set_memalloc(struct rpc_xprt *xprt)
+{
+	struct sock_xprt *transport = container_of(xprt, struct sock_xprt,
+			xprt);
+
+	if (xprt->swapper)
+		sk_set_memalloc(transport->inet);
+}
+
+/**
+ * xs_swapper - Tag this transport as being used for swap.
+ * @xprt: transport to tag
+ * @enable: enable/disable
+ *
+ */
+int xs_swapper(struct rpc_xprt *xprt, int enable)
+{
+	struct sock_xprt *transport = container_of(xprt, struct sock_xprt,
+			xprt);
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (enable) {
+		xprt->swapper++;
+		xs_set_memalloc(xprt);
+	} else if (xprt->swapper) {
+		xprt->swapper--;
+		sk_clear_memalloc(transport->inet);
+	}
+
+	return err;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(xs_swapper);
+#else
+static void xs_set_memalloc(struct rpc_xprt *xprt)
+{
+}
+#endif
+
 static void xs_udp_finish_connecting(struct rpc_xprt *xprt, struct socket *sock)
 {
 	struct sock_xprt *transport = container_of(xprt, struct sock_xprt, xprt);
@@ -1954,6 +1993,8 @@ static void xs_udp_finish_connecting(struct rpc_xprt *xprt, struct socket *sock)
 		transport->sock = sock;
 		transport->inet = sk;
 
+		xs_set_memalloc(xprt);
+
 		write_unlock_bh(&sk->sk_callback_lock);
 	}
 	xs_udp_do_set_buffer_size(xprt);
@@ -1965,11 +2006,15 @@ static void xs_udp_setup_socket(struct work_struct *work)
 		container_of(work, struct sock_xprt, connect_worker.work);
 	struct rpc_xprt *xprt = &transport->xprt;
 	struct socket *sock = transport->sock;
+	unsigned long pflags = current->flags;
 	int status = -EIO;
 
 	if (xprt->shutdown)
 		goto out;
 
+	if (xprt->swapper)
+		current->flags |= PF_MEMALLOC;
+
 	/* Start by resetting any existing state */
 	xs_reset_transport(transport);
 	sock = xs_create_sock(xprt, transport,
@@ -1988,6 +2033,7 @@ static void xs_udp_setup_socket(struct work_struct *work)
 out:
 	xprt_clear_connecting(xprt);
 	xprt_wake_pending_tasks(xprt, status);
+	tsk_restore_flags(current, pflags, PF_MEMALLOC);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2078,6 +2124,8 @@ static int xs_tcp_finish_connecting(struct rpc_xprt *xprt, struct socket *sock)
 	if (!xprt_bound(xprt))
 		goto out;
 
+	xs_set_memalloc(xprt);
+
 	/* Tell the socket layer to start connecting... */
 	xprt->stat.connect_count++;
 	xprt->stat.connect_start = jiffies;
@@ -2108,11 +2156,15 @@ static void xs_tcp_setup_socket(struct work_struct *work)
 		container_of(work, struct sock_xprt, connect_worker.work);
 	struct socket *sock = transport->sock;
 	struct rpc_xprt *xprt = &transport->xprt;
+	unsigned long pflags = current->flags;
 	int status = -EIO;
 
 	if (xprt->shutdown)
 		goto out;
 
+	if (xprt->swapper)
+		current->flags |= PF_MEMALLOC;
+
 	if (!sock) {
 		clear_bit(XPRT_CONNECTION_ABORT, &xprt->state);
 		sock = xs_create_sock(xprt, transport,
@@ -2174,6 +2226,7 @@ out_eagain:
 out:
 	xprt_clear_connecting(xprt);
 	xprt_wake_pending_tasks(xprt, status);
+	tsk_restore_flags(current, pflags, PF_MEMALLOC);
 }
 
 /**
-- 
1.7.9.2

[PATCH 11/12] nfs: Prevent page allocator recursions with swap over NFS.

[Mel Gorman]

GFP_NOFS is _more_ permissive than GFP_NOIO in that it will initiate
IO, just not of any filesystem data.

The problem is that previously NOFS was correct because that avoids
recursion into the NFS code. With swap-over-NFS, it is no longer
correct as swap IO can lead to this recursion.

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
---
 fs/nfs/pagelist.c |    2 +-
 fs/nfs/write.c    |    7 ++++---
 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/nfs/pagelist.c b/fs/nfs/pagelist.c
index 77aa83e..8e80d71 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/pagelist.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/pagelist.c
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ static struct kmem_cache *nfs_page_cachep;
 static inline struct nfs_page *
 nfs_page_alloc(void)
 {
-	struct nfs_page	*p = kmem_cache_zalloc(nfs_page_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
+	struct nfs_page	*p = kmem_cache_zalloc(nfs_page_cachep, GFP_NOIO);
 	if (p)
 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->wb_list);
 	return p;
diff --git a/fs/nfs/write.c b/fs/nfs/write.c
index 21cfe71..abdbe61 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/write.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/write.c
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ static mempool_t *nfs_commit_mempool;
 
 struct nfs_write_data *nfs_commitdata_alloc(void)
 {
-	struct nfs_write_data *p = mempool_alloc(nfs_commit_mempool, GFP_NOFS);
+	struct nfs_write_data *p = mempool_alloc(nfs_commit_mempool, GFP_NOIO);
 
 	if (p) {
 		memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(nfs_commit_free);
 
 struct nfs_write_data *nfs_writedata_alloc(unsigned int pagecount)
 {
-	struct nfs_write_data *p = mempool_alloc(nfs_wdata_mempool, GFP_NOFS);
+	struct nfs_write_data *p = mempool_alloc(nfs_wdata_mempool, GFP_NOIO);
 
 	if (p) {
 		memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
@@ -81,7 +81,8 @@ struct nfs_write_data *nfs_writedata_alloc(unsigned int pagecount)
 		if (pagecount <= ARRAY_SIZE(p->page_array))
 			p->pagevec = p->page_array;
 		else {
-			p->pagevec = kcalloc(pagecount, sizeof(struct page *), GFP_NOFS);
+			p->pagevec = kcalloc(pagecount, sizeof(struct page *),
+					GFP_NOIO);
 			if (!p->pagevec) {
 				mempool_free(p, nfs_wdata_mempool);
 				p = NULL;
-- 
1.7.9.2

[PATCH 12/12] Avoid dereferencing bd_disk during swap_entry_free for network storage

[Mel Gorman]

Commit [b3a27d: swap: Add swap slot free callback to
block_device_operations] dereferences p->bdev->bd_disk but this is a
NULL dereference if using swap-over-NFS. This patch checks SWP_BLKDEV
on the swap_info_struct before dereferencing.

With reference to this callback, Christoph Hellwig stated "Please
just remove the callback entirely.  It has no user outside the staging
tree and was added clearly against the rules for that staging tree".
This would also be my preference but there was not an obvious way of
keeping zram in staging/ happy.

Signed-off-by: Xiaotian Feng <dfeng@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
---
 mm/swapfile.c |    9 +++++----
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/mm/swapfile.c b/mm/swapfile.c
index 80b3415..d85d842 100644
--- a/mm/swapfile.c
+++ b/mm/swapfile.c
@@ -547,7 +547,6 @@ static unsigned char swap_entry_free(struct swap_info_struct *p,
 
 	/* free if no reference */
 	if (!usage) {
-		struct gendisk *disk = p->bdev->bd_disk;
 		if (offset < p->lowest_bit)
 			p->lowest_bit = offset;
 		if (offset > p->highest_bit)
@@ -557,9 +556,11 @@ static unsigned char swap_entry_free(struct swap_info_struct *p,
 			swap_list.next = p->type;
 		nr_swap_pages++;
 		p->inuse_pages--;
-		if ((p->flags & SWP_BLKDEV) &&
-				disk->fops->swap_slot_free_notify)
-			disk->fops->swap_slot_free_notify(p->bdev, offset);
+		if (p->flags & SWP_BLKDEV) {
+			struct gendisk *disk = p->bdev->bd_disk;
+			if (disk->fops->swap_slot_free_notify)
+				disk->fops->swap_slot_free_notify(p->bdev, offset);
+		}
 	}
 
 	return usage;
-- 
1.7.9.2

Re: [PATCH 02/12] selinux: tag avc cache alloc as non-critical

[Casey Schaufler]

On 5/10/2012 6:54 AM, Mel Gorman wrote:
> Failing to allocate a cache entry will only harm performance not
> correctness.  Do not consume valuable reserve pages for something
> like that.

Copying to the LSM and SELinux lists.
 
>
> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
> Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
> ---
>  security/selinux/avc.c |    2 +-
>  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
>
> diff --git a/security/selinux/avc.c b/security/selinux/avc.c
> index 8ee42b2..75c2977 100644
> --- a/security/selinux/avc.c
> +++ b/security/selinux/avc.c
> @@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ static struct avc_node *avc_alloc_node(void)
>  {
>  	struct avc_node *node;
>  
> -	node = kmem_cache_zalloc(avc_node_cachep, GFP_ATOMIC);
> +	node = kmem_cache_zalloc(avc_node_cachep, GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOMEMALLOC);
>  	if (!node)
>  		goto out;
>  

Re: [PATCH 02/12] selinux: tag avc cache alloc as non-critical

[Eric Paris]

On Thu, May 10, 2012 at 9:54 AM, Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> wrote:
> Failing to allocate a cache entry will only harm performance not
> correctness.  Do not consume valuable reserve pages for something
> like that.
>
> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
> Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>

Acked-by: Eric Paris <eparis@redhat.com>

> ---
>  security/selinux/avc.c |    2 +-
>  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
>
> diff --git a/security/selinux/avc.c b/security/selinux/avc.c
> index 8ee42b2..75c2977 100644
> --- a/security/selinux/avc.c
> +++ b/security/selinux/avc.c
> @@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ static struct avc_node *avc_alloc_node(void)
>  {
>        struct avc_node *node;
>
> -       node = kmem_cache_zalloc(avc_node_cachep, GFP_ATOMIC);
> +       node = kmem_cache_zalloc(avc_node_cachep, GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOMEMALLOC);
>        if (!node)
>                goto out;
>
> --
> 1.7.9.2
>
> --
> To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-kernel" in
> the body of a message to majordomo@vger.kernel.org
> More majordomo info at  http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
> Please read the FAQ at  http://www.tux.org/lkml/

Re: [PATCH 01/12] netvm: Prevent a stream-specific deadlock

[David Miller]

From: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Date: Thu, 10 May 2012 14:54:14 +0100

> It could happen that all !SOCK_MEMALLOC sockets have buffered so
> much data that we're over the global rmem limit. This will prevent
> SOCK_MEMALLOC buffers from receiving data, which will prevent userspace
> from running, which is needed to reduce the buffered data.
> 
> Fix this by exempting the SOCK_MEMALLOC sockets from the rmem limit.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
> Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>

This introduces an invariant which I am not so sure is enforced.

With this change it is absolutely required that once a socket
becomes SOCK_MEMALLOC it must never _ever_ lose that attribute.

Otherwise we can end up liberating global rmem tokens which we never
actually took.

Re: [PATCH 01/12] netvm: Prevent a stream-specific deadlock

[Mel Gorman]

On Fri, May 11, 2012 at 01:10:34AM -0400, David Miller wrote:
> From: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
> Date: Thu, 10 May 2012 14:54:14 +0100
> 
> > It could happen that all !SOCK_MEMALLOC sockets have buffered so
> > much data that we're over the global rmem limit. This will prevent
> > SOCK_MEMALLOC buffers from receiving data, which will prevent userspace
> > from running, which is needed to reduce the buffered data.
> > 
> > Fix this by exempting the SOCK_MEMALLOC sockets from the rmem limit.
> > 
> > Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
> > Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
> 
> This introduces an invariant which I am not so sure is enforced.
> 
> With this change it is absolutely required that once a socket
> becomes SOCK_MEMALLOC it must never _ever_ lose that attribute.
> 

This is effectively true. In the NFS case, the flag is cleared on
swapoff after all the entries have been paged in. In the NBD case,
SOCK_MEMALLOC is left set until the socket is destroyed. I'll update the
changelog.

-- 
Mel Gorman
SUSE Labs

Re: [PATCH 01/12] netvm: Prevent a stream-specific deadlock

[David Miller]

From: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Date: Mon, 14 May 2012 11:56:04 +0100

> On Fri, May 11, 2012 at 01:10:34AM -0400, David Miller wrote:
>> From: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
>> Date: Thu, 10 May 2012 14:54:14 +0100
>> 
>> > It could happen that all !SOCK_MEMALLOC sockets have buffered so
>> > much data that we're over the global rmem limit. This will prevent
>> > SOCK_MEMALLOC buffers from receiving data, which will prevent userspace
>> > from running, which is needed to reduce the buffered data.
>> > 
>> > Fix this by exempting the SOCK_MEMALLOC sockets from the rmem limit.
>> > 
>> > Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
>> > Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
>> 
>> This introduces an invariant which I am not so sure is enforced.
>> 
>> With this change it is absolutely required that once a socket
>> becomes SOCK_MEMALLOC it must never _ever_ lose that attribute.
>> 
> 
> This is effectively true. In the NFS case, the flag is cleared on
> swapoff after all the entries have been paged in. In the NBD case,
> SOCK_MEMALLOC is left set until the socket is destroyed. I'll update the
> changelog.

Bugs happen, you need to find a way to assert that nobody every does
this.  Because if a bug is introduced which makes this happen, it will
otherwise be very difficult to debug.

Re: [PATCH 01/12] netvm: Prevent a stream-specific deadlock

[Mel Gorman]

On Mon, May 14, 2012 at 04:26:34PM -0400, David Miller wrote:
> From: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
> Date: Mon, 14 May 2012 11:56:04 +0100
> 
> > On Fri, May 11, 2012 at 01:10:34AM -0400, David Miller wrote:
> >> From: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
> >> Date: Thu, 10 May 2012 14:54:14 +0100
> >> 
> >> > It could happen that all !SOCK_MEMALLOC sockets have buffered so
> >> > much data that we're over the global rmem limit. This will prevent
> >> > SOCK_MEMALLOC buffers from receiving data, which will prevent userspace
> >> > from running, which is needed to reduce the buffered data.
> >> > 
> >> > Fix this by exempting the SOCK_MEMALLOC sockets from the rmem limit.
> >> > 
> >> > Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
> >> > Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
> >> 
> >> This introduces an invariant which I am not so sure is enforced.
> >> 
> >> With this change it is absolutely required that once a socket
> >> becomes SOCK_MEMALLOC it must never _ever_ lose that attribute.
> >> 
> > 
> > This is effectively true. In the NFS case, the flag is cleared on
> > swapoff after all the entries have been paged in. In the NBD case,
> > SOCK_MEMALLOC is left set until the socket is destroyed. I'll update the
> > changelog.
> 
> Bugs happen, you need to find a way to assert that nobody every does
> this.  Because if a bug is introduced which makes this happen, it will
> otherwise be very difficult to debug.

Ok, fair point. I looked at how we could ensure it could never happen but
that would require failing sk_clear_memalloc() and it's less clear how
that should be properly recovered from. Instead, it can be detected that
there are rmem tokens allocations, warn about it and fix it up albeit it
in a fairly heavy-handed fashion. How about this on top of the existing
patch?

---8<---
diff --git a/net/core/sock.c b/net/core/sock.c
index 22ff2ea..e3dea27 100644
--- a/net/core/sock.c
+++ b/net/core/sock.c
@@ -289,6 +289,18 @@ void sk_clear_memalloc(struct sock *sk)
 	sock_reset_flag(sk, SOCK_MEMALLOC);
 	sk->sk_allocation &= ~__GFP_MEMALLOC;
 	static_key_slow_dec(&memalloc_socks);
+
+	/*
+	 * SOCK_MEMALLOC is allowed to ignore rmem limits to ensure forward
+	 * progress of swapping. However, if SOCK_MEMALLOC is cleared while
+	 * it has rmem allocations there is a risk that the user of the
+	 * socket cannot make forward progress due to exceeding the rmem
+	 * limits. By rights, sk_clear_memalloc() should only be called
+	 * on sockets being torn down but warn and reset the accounting if
+	 * that assumption breaks.
+	 */
+	if (WARN_ON(sk->sk_forward_alloc))
+		sk_mem_reclaim(sk);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sk_clear_memalloc);
 

Re: [PATCH 01/12] netvm: Prevent a stream-specific deadlock

[Peter Zijlstra]

On Tue, 2012-05-15 at 10:14 +0100, Mel Gorman wrote:
> @@ -289,6 +289,18 @@ void sk_clear_memalloc(struct sock *sk)
>         sock_reset_flag(sk, SOCK_MEMALLOC);
>         sk->sk_allocation &= ~__GFP_MEMALLOC;
>         static_key_slow_dec(&memalloc_socks);
> +
> +       /*
> +        * SOCK_MEMALLOC is allowed to ignore rmem limits to ensure forward
> +        * progress of swapping. However, if SOCK_MEMALLOC is cleared while
> +        * it has rmem allocations there is a risk that the user of the
> +        * socket cannot make forward progress due to exceeding the rmem
> +        * limits. By rights, sk_clear_memalloc() should only be called
> +        * on sockets being torn down but warn and reset the accounting if
> +        * that assumption breaks.
> +        */
> +       if (WARN_ON(sk->sk_forward_alloc))

WARN_ON_ONCE() perhaps?

> +               sk_mem_reclaim(sk);
>  } 

Re: [PATCH 01/12] netvm: Prevent a stream-specific deadlock

[Mel Gorman]

On Tue, May 15, 2012 at 11:47:14AM +0200, Peter Zijlstra wrote:
> On Tue, 2012-05-15 at 10:14 +0100, Mel Gorman wrote:
> > @@ -289,6 +289,18 @@ void sk_clear_memalloc(struct sock *sk)
> >         sock_reset_flag(sk, SOCK_MEMALLOC);
> >         sk->sk_allocation &= ~__GFP_MEMALLOC;
> >         static_key_slow_dec(&memalloc_socks);
> > +
> > +       /*
> > +        * SOCK_MEMALLOC is allowed to ignore rmem limits to ensure forward
> > +        * progress of swapping. However, if SOCK_MEMALLOC is cleared while
> > +        * it has rmem allocations there is a risk that the user of the
> > +        * socket cannot make forward progress due to exceeding the rmem
> > +        * limits. By rights, sk_clear_memalloc() should only be called
> > +        * on sockets being torn down but warn and reset the accounting if
> > +        * that assumption breaks.
> > +        */
> > +       if (WARN_ON(sk->sk_forward_alloc))
> 
> WARN_ON_ONCE() perhaps?
> 

I do not expect SOCK_MEMALLOC to be cleared frequently at all with the
possible exception of swapon/swapoff stress tests. If the flag is being
cleared regularly with rmem tokens then that is interesting in itself
but a WARN_ON_ONCE would miss it.

> > +               sk_mem_reclaim(sk);
> >  } 

-- 
Mel Gorman
SUSE Labs

[PATCH 06/12] mm: Add get_kernel_page[s] for pinning of kernel addresses for I/O

[Mel Gorman]

This patch adds two new APIs get_kernel_pages() and get_kernel_page()
that may be used to pin a vector of kernel addresses for IO. The initial
user is expected to be NFS for allowing pages to be written to swap
using aops->direct_IO(). Strictly speaking, swap-over-NFS only needs
to pin one page for IO but it makes sense to express the API in terms
of a vector and add a helper for pinning single pages.

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
---
 include/linux/blk_types.h |    2 ++
 include/linux/fs.h        |    2 ++
 include/linux/mm.h        |    4 ++++
 mm/memory.c               |   53 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 61 insertions(+)

diff --git a/include/linux/blk_types.h b/include/linux/blk_types.h
index 0edb65d..7b7ac9c 100644
--- a/include/linux/blk_types.h
+++ b/include/linux/blk_types.h
@@ -160,6 +160,7 @@ enum rq_flag_bits {
 	__REQ_FLUSH_SEQ,	/* request for flush sequence */
 	__REQ_IO_STAT,		/* account I/O stat */
 	__REQ_MIXED_MERGE,	/* merge of different types, fail separately */
+	__REQ_KERNEL, 		/* direct IO to kernel pages */
 	__REQ_NR_BITS,		/* stops here */
 };
 
@@ -201,5 +202,6 @@ enum rq_flag_bits {
 #define REQ_IO_STAT		(1 << __REQ_IO_STAT)
 #define REQ_MIXED_MERGE		(1 << __REQ_MIXED_MERGE)
 #define REQ_SECURE		(1 << __REQ_SECURE)
+#define REQ_KERNEL		(1 << __REQ_KERNEL)
 
 #endif /* __LINUX_BLK_TYPES_H */
diff --git a/include/linux/fs.h b/include/linux/fs.h
index 6d269ba..019f5b8 100644
--- a/include/linux/fs.h
+++ b/include/linux/fs.h
@@ -165,6 +165,8 @@ struct inodes_stat_t {
 #define READ			0
 #define WRITE			RW_MASK
 #define READA			RWA_MASK
+#define KERNEL_READ		(READ|REQ_KERNEL)
+#define KERNEL_WRITE		(WRITE|REQ_KERNEL)
 
 #define READ_SYNC		(READ | REQ_SYNC)
 #define WRITE_SYNC		(WRITE | REQ_SYNC | REQ_NOIDLE)
diff --git a/include/linux/mm.h b/include/linux/mm.h
index b3d4cd9..bbb3167 100644
--- a/include/linux/mm.h
+++ b/include/linux/mm.h
@@ -1019,6 +1019,10 @@ int get_user_pages(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm,
 			struct page **pages, struct vm_area_struct **vmas);
 int get_user_pages_fast(unsigned long start, int nr_pages, int write,
 			struct page **pages);
+struct kvec;
+int get_kernel_pages(const struct kvec *iov, int nr_pages, int write,
+			struct page **pages);
+int get_kernel_page(unsigned long start, int write, struct page **pages);
 struct page *get_dump_page(unsigned long addr);
 
 extern int try_to_release_page(struct page * page, gfp_t gfp_mask);
diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
index 8e298f5..85705cd 100644
--- a/mm/memory.c
+++ b/mm/memory.c
@@ -1843,6 +1843,59 @@ next_page:
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__get_user_pages);
 
 /*
+ * get_kernel_pages() - pin kernel pages in memory
+ * @kiov:	An array of struct kvec structures
+ * @nr_segs:	number of segments to pin
+ * @write:	pinning for read/write, currently ignored
+ * @pages:	array that receives pointers to the pages pinned.
+ *		Should be at least nr_segs long.
+ *
+ * Returns number of pages pinned. This may be fewer than the number
+ * requested. If nr_pages is 0 or negative, returns 0. If no pages
+ * were pinned, returns -errno. Each page returned must be released
+ * with a put_page() call when it is finished with.
+ */
+int get_kernel_pages(const struct kvec *kiov, int nr_segs, int write,
+		struct page **pages)
+{
+	int seg;
+
+	for (seg = 0; seg < nr_segs; seg++) {
+		if (WARN_ON(kiov[seg].iov_len != PAGE_SIZE))
+			return seg;
+
+		/* virt_to_page sanity checks the PFN */
+		pages[seg] = virt_to_page(kiov[seg].iov_base);
+		page_cache_get(pages[seg]);
+	}
+
+	return seg;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_kernel_pages);
+
+/*
+ * get_kernel_page() - pin a kernel page in memory
+ * @start:	starting kernel address
+ * @write:	pinning for read/write, currently ignored
+ * @pages:	array that receives pointer to the page pinned.
+ *		Must be at least nr_segs long.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if page is pinned. If the page was not pinned, returns
+ * -errno. The page returned must be released with a put_page() call
+ * when it is finished with.
+ */
+int get_kernel_page(unsigned long start, int write, struct page **pages)
+{
+	const struct kvec kiov = {
+		.iov_base = (void *)start,
+		.iov_len = PAGE_SIZE
+	};
+
+	return get_kernel_pages(&kiov, 1, write, pages);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_kernel_page);
+
+/*
  * fixup_user_fault() - manually resolve a user page fault
  * @tsk:	the task_struct to use for page fault accounting, or
  *		NULL if faults are not to be recorded.
-- 
1.7.9.2

[PATCH 06/12] mm: Add get_kernel_page[s] for pinning of kernel addresses for I/O

[Mel Gorman]

This patch adds two new APIs get_kernel_pages() and get_kernel_page()
that may be used to pin a vector of kernel addresses for IO. The initial
user is expected to be NFS for allowing pages to be written to swap
using aops->direct_IO(). Strictly speaking, swap-over-NFS only needs
to pin one page for IO but it makes sense to express the API in terms
of a vector and add a helper for pinning single pages.

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
---
 include/linux/blk_types.h |    2 ++
 include/linux/fs.h        |    2 ++
 include/linux/mm.h        |    4 ++++
 mm/memory.c               |   53 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 61 insertions(+)

diff --git a/include/linux/blk_types.h b/include/linux/blk_types.h
index 0edb65d..7b7ac9c 100644
--- a/include/linux/blk_types.h
+++ b/include/linux/blk_types.h
@@ -160,6 +160,7 @@ enum rq_flag_bits {
 	__REQ_FLUSH_SEQ,	/* request for flush sequence */
 	__REQ_IO_STAT,		/* account I/O stat */
 	__REQ_MIXED_MERGE,	/* merge of different types, fail separately */
+	__REQ_KERNEL, 		/* direct IO to kernel pages */
 	__REQ_NR_BITS,		/* stops here */
 };
 
@@ -201,5 +202,6 @@ enum rq_flag_bits {
 #define REQ_IO_STAT		(1 << __REQ_IO_STAT)
 #define REQ_MIXED_MERGE		(1 << __REQ_MIXED_MERGE)
 #define REQ_SECURE		(1 << __REQ_SECURE)
+#define REQ_KERNEL		(1 << __REQ_KERNEL)
 
 #endif /* __LINUX_BLK_TYPES_H */
diff --git a/include/linux/fs.h b/include/linux/fs.h
index 006aa85..c2a4554 100644
--- a/include/linux/fs.h
+++ b/include/linux/fs.h
@@ -165,6 +165,8 @@ struct inodes_stat_t {
 #define READ			0
 #define WRITE			RW_MASK
 #define READA			RWA_MASK
+#define KERNEL_READ		(READ|REQ_KERNEL)
+#define KERNEL_WRITE		(WRITE|REQ_KERNEL)
 
 #define READ_SYNC		(READ | REQ_SYNC)
 #define WRITE_SYNC		(WRITE | REQ_SYNC | REQ_NOIDLE)
diff --git a/include/linux/mm.h b/include/linux/mm.h
index b3d4cd9..bbb3167 100644
--- a/include/linux/mm.h
+++ b/include/linux/mm.h
@@ -1019,6 +1019,10 @@ int get_user_pages(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm,
 			struct page **pages, struct vm_area_struct **vmas);
 int get_user_pages_fast(unsigned long start, int nr_pages, int write,
 			struct page **pages);
+struct kvec;
+int get_kernel_pages(const struct kvec *iov, int nr_pages, int write,
+			struct page **pages);
+int get_kernel_page(unsigned long start, int write, struct page **pages);
 struct page *get_dump_page(unsigned long addr);
 
 extern int try_to_release_page(struct page * page, gfp_t gfp_mask);
diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
index 6322d36..c8153f5 100644
--- a/mm/memory.c
+++ b/mm/memory.c
@@ -1843,6 +1843,59 @@ next_page:
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__get_user_pages);
 
 /*
+ * get_kernel_pages() - pin kernel pages in memory
+ * @kiov:	An array of struct kvec structures
+ * @nr_segs:	number of segments to pin
+ * @write:	pinning for read/write, currently ignored
+ * @pages:	array that receives pointers to the pages pinned.
+ *		Should be at least nr_segs long.
+ *
+ * Returns number of pages pinned. This may be fewer than the number
+ * requested. If nr_pages is 0 or negative, returns 0. If no pages
+ * were pinned, returns -errno. Each page returned must be released
+ * with a put_page() call when it is finished with.
+ */
+int get_kernel_pages(const struct kvec *kiov, int nr_segs, int write,
+		struct page **pages)
+{
+	int seg;
+
+	for (seg = 0; seg < nr_segs; seg++) {
+		if (WARN_ON(kiov[seg].iov_len != PAGE_SIZE))
+			return seg;
+
+		/* virt_to_page sanity checks the PFN */
+		pages[seg] = virt_to_page(kiov[seg].iov_base);
+		page_cache_get(pages[seg]);
+	}
+
+	return seg;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_kernel_pages);
+
+/*
+ * get_kernel_page() - pin a kernel page in memory
+ * @start:	starting kernel address
+ * @write:	pinning for read/write, currently ignored
+ * @pages:	array that receives pointer to the page pinned.
+ *		Must be at least nr_segs long.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if page is pinned. If the page was not pinned, returns
+ * -errno. The page returned must be released with a put_page() call
+ * when it is finished with.
+ */
+int get_kernel_page(unsigned long start, int write, struct page **pages)
+{
+	const struct kvec kiov = {
+		.iov_base = (void *)start,
+		.iov_len = PAGE_SIZE
+	};
+
+	return get_kernel_pages(&kiov, 1, write, pages);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_kernel_page);
+
+/*
  * fixup_user_fault() - manually resolve a user page fault
  * @tsk:	the task_struct to use for page fault accounting, or
  *		NULL if faults are not to be recorded.
-- 
1.7.9.2

[PATCH 06/12] mm: Add get_kernel_page[s] for pinning of kernel addresses for I/O

[Mel Gorman]

This patch adds two new APIs get_kernel_pages() and get_kernel_page()
that may be used to pin a vector of kernel addresses for IO. The initial
user is expected to be NFS for allowing pages to be written to swap
using aops->direct_IO(). Strictly speaking, swap-over-NFS only needs
to pin one page for IO but it makes sense to express the API in terms
of a vector and add a helper for pinning single pages.

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
---
 include/linux/blk_types.h |    2 ++
 include/linux/fs.h        |    2 ++
 include/linux/mm.h        |    4 ++++
 mm/memory.c               |   53 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 61 insertions(+)

diff --git a/include/linux/blk_types.h b/include/linux/blk_types.h
index 0edb65d..7b7ac9c 100644
--- a/include/linux/blk_types.h
+++ b/include/linux/blk_types.h
@@ -160,6 +160,7 @@ enum rq_flag_bits {
 	__REQ_FLUSH_SEQ,	/* request for flush sequence */
 	__REQ_IO_STAT,		/* account I/O stat */
 	__REQ_MIXED_MERGE,	/* merge of different types, fail separately */
+	__REQ_KERNEL, 		/* direct IO to kernel pages */
 	__REQ_NR_BITS,		/* stops here */
 };
 
@@ -201,5 +202,6 @@ enum rq_flag_bits {
 #define REQ_IO_STAT		(1 << __REQ_IO_STAT)
 #define REQ_MIXED_MERGE		(1 << __REQ_MIXED_MERGE)
 #define REQ_SECURE		(1 << __REQ_SECURE)
+#define REQ_KERNEL		(1 << __REQ_KERNEL)
 
 #endif /* __LINUX_BLK_TYPES_H */
diff --git a/include/linux/fs.h b/include/linux/fs.h
index f5e5bbb..adf1b7d 100644
--- a/include/linux/fs.h
+++ b/include/linux/fs.h
@@ -165,6 +165,8 @@ struct inodes_stat_t {
 #define READ			0
 #define WRITE			RW_MASK
 #define READA			RWA_MASK
+#define KERNEL_READ		(READ|REQ_KERNEL)
+#define KERNEL_WRITE		(WRITE|REQ_KERNEL)
 
 #define READ_SYNC		(READ | REQ_SYNC)
 #define WRITE_SYNC		(WRITE | REQ_SYNC | REQ_NOIDLE)
diff --git a/include/linux/mm.h b/include/linux/mm.h
index b3d4cd9..bbb3167 100644
--- a/include/linux/mm.h
+++ b/include/linux/mm.h
@@ -1019,6 +1019,10 @@ int get_user_pages(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm,
 			struct page **pages, struct vm_area_struct **vmas);
 int get_user_pages_fast(unsigned long start, int nr_pages, int write,
 			struct page **pages);
+struct kvec;
+int get_kernel_pages(const struct kvec *iov, int nr_pages, int write,
+			struct page **pages);
+int get_kernel_page(unsigned long start, int write, struct page **pages);
 struct page *get_dump_page(unsigned long addr);
 
 extern int try_to_release_page(struct page * page, gfp_t gfp_mask);
diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
index 6322d36..c8153f5 100644
--- a/mm/memory.c
+++ b/mm/memory.c
@@ -1843,6 +1843,59 @@ next_page:
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__get_user_pages);
 
 /*
+ * get_kernel_pages() - pin kernel pages in memory
+ * @kiov:	An array of struct kvec structures
+ * @nr_segs:	number of segments to pin
+ * @write:	pinning for read/write, currently ignored
+ * @pages:	array that receives pointers to the pages pinned.
+ *		Should be at least nr_segs long.
+ *
+ * Returns number of pages pinned. This may be fewer than the number
+ * requested. If nr_pages is 0 or negative, returns 0. If no pages
+ * were pinned, returns -errno. Each page returned must be released
+ * with a put_page() call when it is finished with.
+ */
+int get_kernel_pages(const struct kvec *kiov, int nr_segs, int write,
+		struct page **pages)
+{
+	int seg;
+
+	for (seg = 0; seg < nr_segs; seg++) {
+		if (WARN_ON(kiov[seg].iov_len != PAGE_SIZE))
+			return seg;
+
+		/* virt_to_page sanity checks the PFN */
+		pages[seg] = virt_to_page(kiov[seg].iov_base);
+		page_cache_get(pages[seg]);
+	}
+
+	return seg;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_kernel_pages);
+
+/*
+ * get_kernel_page() - pin a kernel page in memory
+ * @start:	starting kernel address
+ * @write:	pinning for read/write, currently ignored
+ * @pages:	array that receives pointer to the page pinned.
+ *		Must be at least nr_segs long.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if page is pinned. If the page was not pinned, returns
+ * -errno. The page returned must be released with a put_page() call
+ * when it is finished with.
+ */
+int get_kernel_page(unsigned long start, int write, struct page **pages)
+{
+	const struct kvec kiov = {
+		.iov_base = (void *)start,
+		.iov_len = PAGE_SIZE
+	};
+
+	return get_kernel_pages(&kiov, 1, write, pages);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_kernel_page);
+
+/*
  * fixup_user_fault() - manually resolve a user page fault
  * @tsk:	the task_struct to use for page fault accounting, or
  *		NULL if faults are not to be recorded.
-- 
1.7.9.2

Re: [PATCH 06/12] mm: Add get_kernel_page[s] for pinning of kernel addresses for I/O

[Rik van Riel]

On 06/20/2012 05:37 AM, Mel Gorman wrote:
> This patch adds two new APIs get_kernel_pages() and get_kernel_page()
> that may be used to pin a vector of kernel addresses for IO. The initial
> user is expected to be NFS for allowing pages to be written to swap
> using aops->direct_IO(). Strictly speaking, swap-over-NFS only needs
> to pin one page for IO but it makes sense to express the API in terms
> of a vector and add a helper for pinning single pages.
>
> Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman<mgorman@suse.de>

Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel<riel@redhat.com>

[PATCH 06/12] mm: Add get_kernel_page[s] for pinning of kernel addresses for I/O

[Mel Gorman]

This patch adds two new APIs get_kernel_pages() and get_kernel_page()
that may be used to pin a vector of kernel addresses for IO. The initial
user is expected to be NFS for allowing pages to be written to swap
using aops->direct_IO(). Strictly speaking, swap-over-NFS only needs
to pin one page for IO but it makes sense to express the API in terms
of a vector and add a helper for pinning single pages.

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
---
 include/linux/blk_types.h |    2 ++
 include/linux/fs.h        |    2 ++
 include/linux/mm.h        |    4 ++++
 mm/memory.c               |   53 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 61 insertions(+)

diff --git a/include/linux/blk_types.h b/include/linux/blk_types.h
index 0edb65d..7b7ac9c 100644
--- a/include/linux/blk_types.h
+++ b/include/linux/blk_types.h
@@ -160,6 +160,7 @@ enum rq_flag_bits {
 	__REQ_FLUSH_SEQ,	/* request for flush sequence */
 	__REQ_IO_STAT,		/* account I/O stat */
 	__REQ_MIXED_MERGE,	/* merge of different types, fail separately */
+	__REQ_KERNEL, 		/* direct IO to kernel pages */
 	__REQ_NR_BITS,		/* stops here */
 };
 
@@ -201,5 +202,6 @@ enum rq_flag_bits {
 #define REQ_IO_STAT		(1 << __REQ_IO_STAT)
 #define REQ_MIXED_MERGE		(1 << __REQ_MIXED_MERGE)
 #define REQ_SECURE		(1 << __REQ_SECURE)
+#define REQ_KERNEL		(1 << __REQ_KERNEL)
 
 #endif /* __LINUX_BLK_TYPES_H */
diff --git a/include/linux/fs.h b/include/linux/fs.h
index 0186d67..f21da77 100644
--- a/include/linux/fs.h
+++ b/include/linux/fs.h
@@ -165,6 +165,8 @@ struct inodes_stat_t {
 #define READ			0
 #define WRITE			RW_MASK
 #define READA			RWA_MASK
+#define KERNEL_READ		(READ|REQ_KERNEL)
+#define KERNEL_WRITE		(WRITE|REQ_KERNEL)
 
 #define READ_SYNC		(READ | REQ_SYNC)
 #define WRITE_SYNC		(WRITE | REQ_SYNC | REQ_NOIDLE)
diff --git a/include/linux/mm.h b/include/linux/mm.h
index 0c0301c..b4924f0 100644
--- a/include/linux/mm.h
+++ b/include/linux/mm.h
@@ -1019,6 +1019,10 @@ int get_user_pages(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm,
 			struct page **pages, struct vm_area_struct **vmas);
 int get_user_pages_fast(unsigned long start, int nr_pages, int write,
 			struct page **pages);
+struct kvec;
+int get_kernel_pages(const struct kvec *iov, int nr_pages, int write,
+			struct page **pages);
+int get_kernel_page(unsigned long start, int write, struct page **pages);
 struct page *get_dump_page(unsigned long addr);
 
 extern int try_to_release_page(struct page * page, gfp_t gfp_mask);
diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
index 1b7dc66..2d55992 100644
--- a/mm/memory.c
+++ b/mm/memory.c
@@ -1834,6 +1834,59 @@ next_page:
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__get_user_pages);
 
 /*
+ * get_kernel_pages() - pin kernel pages in memory
+ * @kiov:	An array of struct kvec structures
+ * @nr_segs:	number of segments to pin
+ * @write:	pinning for read/write, currently ignored
+ * @pages:	array that receives pointers to the pages pinned.
+ *		Should be at least nr_segs long.
+ *
+ * Returns number of pages pinned. This may be fewer than the number
+ * requested. If nr_pages is 0 or negative, returns 0. If no pages
+ * were pinned, returns -errno. Each page returned must be released
+ * with a put_page() call when it is finished with.
+ */
+int get_kernel_pages(const struct kvec *kiov, int nr_segs, int write,
+		struct page **pages)
+{
+	int seg;
+
+	for (seg = 0; seg < nr_segs; seg++) {
+		if (WARN_ON(kiov[seg].iov_len != PAGE_SIZE))
+			return seg;
+
+		/* virt_to_page sanity checks the PFN */
+		pages[seg] = virt_to_page(kiov[seg].iov_base);
+		page_cache_get(pages[seg]);
+	}
+
+	return seg;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_kernel_pages);
+
+/*
+ * get_kernel_page() - pin a kernel page in memory
+ * @start:	starting kernel address
+ * @write:	pinning for read/write, currently ignored
+ * @pages:	array that receives pointer to the page pinned.
+ *		Must be at least nr_segs long.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if page is pinned. If the page was not pinned, returns
+ * -errno. The page returned must be released with a put_page() call
+ * when it is finished with.
+ */
+int get_kernel_page(unsigned long start, int write, struct page **pages)
+{
+	const struct kvec kiov = {
+		.iov_base = (void *)start,
+		.iov_len = PAGE_SIZE
+	};
+
+	return get_kernel_pages(&kiov, 1, write, pages);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_kernel_page);
+
+/*
  * fixup_user_fault() - manually resolve a user page fault
  * @tsk:	the task_struct to use for page fault accounting, or
  *		NULL if faults are not to be recorded.
-- 
1.7.9.2

[PATCH 06/12] mm: Add get_kernel_page[s] for pinning of kernel addresses for I/O

[Mel Gorman]

This patch adds two new APIs get_kernel_pages() and get_kernel_page()
that may be used to pin a vector of kernel addresses for IO. The initial
user is expected to be NFS for allowing pages to be written to swap
using aops->direct_IO(). Strictly speaking, swap-over-NFS only needs
to pin one page for IO but it makes sense to express the API in terms
of a vector and add a helper for pinning single pages.

Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
---
 include/linux/blk_types.h |    2 ++
 include/linux/fs.h        |    2 ++
 include/linux/mm.h        |    4 ++++
 mm/memory.c               |   53 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 61 insertions(+)

diff --git a/include/linux/blk_types.h b/include/linux/blk_types.h
index 4053cbd..1e62642 100644
--- a/include/linux/blk_types.h
+++ b/include/linux/blk_types.h
@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ enum rq_flag_bits {
 	__REQ_FLUSH_SEQ,	/* request for flush sequence */
 	__REQ_IO_STAT,		/* account I/O stat */
 	__REQ_MIXED_MERGE,	/* merge of different types, fail separately */
+	__REQ_KERNEL, 		/* direct IO to kernel pages */
 	__REQ_NR_BITS,		/* stops here */
 };
 
@@ -191,5 +192,6 @@ enum rq_flag_bits {
 #define REQ_IO_STAT		(1 << __REQ_IO_STAT)
 #define REQ_MIXED_MERGE		(1 << __REQ_MIXED_MERGE)
 #define REQ_SECURE		(1 << __REQ_SECURE)
+#define REQ_KERNEL		(1 << __REQ_KERNEL)
 
 #endif /* __LINUX_BLK_TYPES_H */
diff --git a/include/linux/fs.h b/include/linux/fs.h
index d48e8b8..150bc85 100644
--- a/include/linux/fs.h
+++ b/include/linux/fs.h
@@ -165,6 +165,8 @@ struct inodes_stat_t {
 #define READ			0
 #define WRITE			RW_MASK
 #define READA			RWA_MASK
+#define KERNEL_READ		(READ|REQ_KERNEL)
+#define KERNEL_WRITE		(WRITE|REQ_KERNEL)
 
 #define READ_SYNC		(READ | REQ_SYNC)
 #define WRITE_SYNC		(WRITE | REQ_SYNC | REQ_NOIDLE)
diff --git a/include/linux/mm.h b/include/linux/mm.h
index 58cc925..cf4a730 100644
--- a/include/linux/mm.h
+++ b/include/linux/mm.h
@@ -1023,6 +1023,10 @@ int get_user_pages(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm,
 			struct page **pages, struct vm_area_struct **vmas);
 int get_user_pages_fast(unsigned long start, int nr_pages, int write,
 			struct page **pages);
+struct kvec;
+int get_kernel_pages(const struct kvec *iov, int nr_pages, int write,
+			struct page **pages);
+int get_kernel_page(unsigned long start, int write, struct page **pages);
 struct page *get_dump_page(unsigned long addr);
 
 extern int try_to_release_page(struct page * page, gfp_t gfp_mask);
diff --git a/mm/memory.c b/mm/memory.c
index 6105f47..0bc990e7 100644
--- a/mm/memory.c
+++ b/mm/memory.c
@@ -1837,6 +1837,59 @@ next_page:
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__get_user_pages);
 
 /*
+ * get_kernel_pages() - pin kernel pages in memory
+ * @kiov:	An array of struct kvec structures
+ * @nr_segs:	number of segments to pin
+ * @write:	pinning for read/write, currently ignored
+ * @pages:	array that receives pointers to the pages pinned.
+ *		Should be at least nr_segs long.
+ *
+ * Returns number of pages pinned. This may be fewer than the number
+ * requested. If nr_pages is 0 or negative, returns 0. If no pages
+ * were pinned, returns -errno. Each page returned must be released
+ * with a put_page() call when it is finished with.
+ */
+int get_kernel_pages(const struct kvec *kiov, int nr_segs, int write,
+		struct page **pages)
+{
+	int seg;
+
+	for (seg = 0; seg < nr_segs; seg++) {
+		if (WARN_ON(kiov[seg].iov_len != PAGE_SIZE))
+			return seg;
+
+		/* virt_to_page sanity checks the PFN */
+		pages[seg] = virt_to_page(kiov[seg].iov_base);
+		page_cache_get(pages[seg]);
+	}
+
+	return seg;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_kernel_pages);
+
+/*
+ * get_kernel_page() - pin a kernel page in memory
+ * @start:	starting kernel address
+ * @write:	pinning for read/write, currently ignored
+ * @pages:	array that receives pointer to the page pinned.
+ *		Must be at least nr_segs long.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if page is pinned. If the page was not pinned, returns
+ * -errno. The page returned must be released with a put_page() call
+ * when it is finished with.
+ */
+int get_kernel_page(unsigned long start, int write, struct page **pages)
+{
+	const struct kvec kiov = {
+		.iov_base = (void *)start,
+		.iov_len = PAGE_SIZE
+	};
+
+	return get_kernel_pages(&kiov, 1, write, pages);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_kernel_page);
+
+/*
  * fixup_user_fault() - manually resolve a user page fault
  * @tsk:	the task_struct to use for page fault accounting, or
  *		NULL if faults are not to be recorded.
-- 
1.7.9.2