* [PATCH v6 1/2]: perf util: map data buffer for preserving collected data
[not found] <01963930-68b3-ff33-6e05-acaff3efc083@linux.intel.com>
@ 2018-09-04 11:56 ` Alexey Budankov
2018-09-04 17:34 ` Andi Kleen
2018-09-04 11:58 ` [PATCH v6 2/2]: perf record: enable asynchronous trace writing Alexey Budankov
1 sibling, 1 reply; 4+ messages in thread
From: Alexey Budankov @ 2018-09-04 11:56 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Ingo Molnar, Peter Zijlstra, Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
Cc: Alexander Shishkin, Jiri Olsa, Namhyung Kim, Andi Kleen, linux-kernel
The map->data buffers are used to preserve map->base profiling data
for writing to disk. AIO map->cblocks are used to queue corresponding
map->data buffers for asynchronous writing. map->cblocks objects are
located in the last page of every map->data buffer.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Budankov <alexey.budankov@linux.intel.com>
---
Changes in v6:
- adjusted setting of priorities for cblocks;
Changes in v5:
- reshaped layout of data structures;
- implemented --aio option;
Changes in v4:
- converted mmap()/munmap() to malloc()/free() for mmap->data buffer management
Changes in v2:
- converted zalloc() to calloc() for allocation of mmap_aio array,
- cleared typo and adjusted fallback branch code;
---
tools/perf/builtin-record.c | 12 +++++++++-
tools/perf/perf.h | 1 +
tools/perf/util/evlist.c | 7 +++---
tools/perf/util/evlist.h | 3 ++-
tools/perf/util/mmap.c | 53 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
tools/perf/util/mmap.h | 6 ++++-
6 files changed, 76 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
diff --git a/tools/perf/builtin-record.c b/tools/perf/builtin-record.c
index 22ebeb92ac51..8eb093f8d4d5 100644
--- a/tools/perf/builtin-record.c
+++ b/tools/perf/builtin-record.c
@@ -326,7 +326,8 @@ static int record__mmap_evlist(struct record *rec,
if (perf_evlist__mmap_ex(evlist, opts->mmap_pages,
opts->auxtrace_mmap_pages,
- opts->auxtrace_snapshot_mode) < 0) {
+ opts->auxtrace_snapshot_mode,
+ opts->nr_cblocks) < 0) {
if (errno == EPERM) {
pr_err("Permission error mapping pages.\n"
"Consider increasing "
@@ -1519,6 +1520,7 @@ static struct record record = {
.default_per_cpu = true,
},
.proc_map_timeout = 500,
+ .nr_cblocks = 2
},
.tool = {
.sample = process_sample_event,
@@ -1678,6 +1680,8 @@ static struct option __record_options[] = {
"signal"),
OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "dry-run", &dry_run,
"Parse options then exit"),
+ OPT_INTEGER(0, "aio", &record.opts.nr_cblocks,
+ "asynchronous trace write operations (min: 1, max: 32, default: 2)"),
OPT_END()
};
@@ -1870,6 +1874,12 @@ int cmd_record(int argc, const char **argv)
goto out;
}
+ if (!(1 <= rec->opts.nr_cblocks && rec->opts.nr_cblocks <= 32)) {
+ if (verbose > 0)
+ pr_warning("Asynchronous trace writes reset to default.\n");
+ rec->opts.nr_cblocks = 2;
+ }
+
err = __cmd_record(&record, argc, argv);
out:
perf_evlist__delete(rec->evlist);
diff --git a/tools/perf/perf.h b/tools/perf/perf.h
index 21bf7f5a3cf5..0a1ae2ae567a 100644
--- a/tools/perf/perf.h
+++ b/tools/perf/perf.h
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ struct record_opts {
bool use_clockid;
clockid_t clockid;
unsigned int proc_map_timeout;
+ int nr_cblocks;
};
struct option;
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/evlist.c b/tools/perf/util/evlist.c
index e7a4b31a84fb..08be79650a85 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/evlist.c
+++ b/tools/perf/util/evlist.c
@@ -1018,7 +1018,8 @@ int perf_evlist__parse_mmap_pages(const struct option *opt, const char *str,
*/
int perf_evlist__mmap_ex(struct perf_evlist *evlist, unsigned int pages,
unsigned int auxtrace_pages,
- bool auxtrace_overwrite)
+ bool auxtrace_overwrite,
+ int nr_cblocks)
{
struct perf_evsel *evsel;
const struct cpu_map *cpus = evlist->cpus;
@@ -1028,7 +1029,7 @@ int perf_evlist__mmap_ex(struct perf_evlist *evlist, unsigned int pages,
* Its value is decided by evsel's write_backward.
* So &mp should not be passed through const pointer.
*/
- struct mmap_params mp;
+ struct mmap_params mp = { .nr_cblocks = nr_cblocks };
if (!evlist->mmap)
evlist->mmap = perf_evlist__alloc_mmap(evlist, false);
@@ -1060,7 +1061,7 @@ int perf_evlist__mmap_ex(struct perf_evlist *evlist, unsigned int pages,
int perf_evlist__mmap(struct perf_evlist *evlist, unsigned int pages)
{
- return perf_evlist__mmap_ex(evlist, pages, 0, false);
+ return perf_evlist__mmap_ex(evlist, pages, 0, false, 2);
}
int perf_evlist__create_maps(struct perf_evlist *evlist, struct target *target)
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/evlist.h b/tools/perf/util/evlist.h
index dc66436add98..a94d3c613254 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/evlist.h
+++ b/tools/perf/util/evlist.h
@@ -162,7 +162,8 @@ unsigned long perf_event_mlock_kb_in_pages(void);
int perf_evlist__mmap_ex(struct perf_evlist *evlist, unsigned int pages,
unsigned int auxtrace_pages,
- bool auxtrace_overwrite);
+ bool auxtrace_overwrite,
+ int nr_cblocks);
int perf_evlist__mmap(struct perf_evlist *evlist, unsigned int pages);
void perf_evlist__munmap(struct perf_evlist *evlist);
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/mmap.c b/tools/perf/util/mmap.c
index fc832676a798..384d17cd1379 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/mmap.c
+++ b/tools/perf/util/mmap.c
@@ -155,6 +155,14 @@ void __weak auxtrace_mmap_params__set_idx(struct auxtrace_mmap_params *mp __mayb
void perf_mmap__munmap(struct perf_mmap *map)
{
+ int i;
+ if (map->data) {
+ for (i = 0; i < map->nr_cblocks; ++i)
+ zfree(&(map->data[i]));
+ zfree(&(map->data));
+ }
+ if (map->cblocks)
+ zfree(&(map->cblocks));
if (map->base != NULL) {
munmap(map->base, perf_mmap__mmap_len(map));
map->base = NULL;
@@ -166,6 +174,7 @@ void perf_mmap__munmap(struct perf_mmap *map)
int perf_mmap__mmap(struct perf_mmap *map, struct mmap_params *mp, int fd)
{
+ int i;
/*
* The last one will be done at perf_mmap__consume(), so that we
* make sure we don't prevent tools from consuming every last event in
@@ -190,6 +199,50 @@ int perf_mmap__mmap(struct perf_mmap *map, struct mmap_params *mp, int fd)
map->base = NULL;
return -1;
}
+ map->nr_cblocks = mp->nr_cblocks;
+ map->cblocks = calloc(map->nr_cblocks, sizeof(struct aiocb*));
+ if (!map->cblocks) {
+ pr_debug2("failed to allocate perf event data buffers, error %d\n",
+ errno);
+ return -1;
+ }
+ map->data = calloc(map->nr_cblocks, sizeof(void*));
+ if (map->data) {
+ int delta_max = sysconf(_SC_AIO_PRIO_DELTA_MAX);
+ for (i = 0; i < map->nr_cblocks; ++i) {
+ map->data[i] = malloc(perf_mmap__mmap_len(map));
+ if (map->data[i]) {
+ int prio;
+ unsigned char *data = map->data[i];
+ map->cblocks[i] = (struct aiocb *)&data[map->mask + 1];
+ memset(map->cblocks[i], 0, sizeof(struct aiocb));
+ /* Use cblock.aio_fildes value different from -1
+ * to denote started aio write operation on the
+ * cblock so it requires explicit record__aio_sync()
+ * call prior the cblock may be reused again.
+ */
+ map->cblocks[i]->aio_fildes = -1;
+ /* Allocate cblocks with decreasing priority to
+ * have faster aio_write() calls because queued
+ * requests are kept in separate per-prio queues
+ * and adding a new request iterates thru shorter
+ * per-prio list.
+ */
+ prio = delta_max - i;
+ if (prio < 0)
+ prio = 0;
+ map->cblocks[i]->aio_reqprio = prio;
+ } else {
+ pr_debug2("failed to allocate perf event data buffer, error %d\n",
+ errno);
+ return -1;
+ }
+ }
+ } else {
+ pr_debug2("failed to alloc perf event data buffers, error %d\n",
+ errno);
+ return -1;
+ }
map->fd = fd;
if (auxtrace_mmap__mmap(&map->auxtrace_mmap,
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/mmap.h b/tools/perf/util/mmap.h
index d82294db1295..4a9bb0ecae4f 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/mmap.h
+++ b/tools/perf/util/mmap.h
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <asm/barrier.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <aio.h>
#include "auxtrace.h"
#include "event.h"
@@ -25,6 +26,9 @@ struct perf_mmap {
bool overwrite;
struct auxtrace_mmap auxtrace_mmap;
char event_copy[PERF_SAMPLE_MAX_SIZE] __aligned(8);
+ void **data;
+ struct aiocb **cblocks;
+ int nr_cblocks;
};
/*
@@ -56,7 +60,7 @@ enum bkw_mmap_state {
};
struct mmap_params {
- int prot, mask;
+ int prot, mask, nr_cblocks;
struct auxtrace_mmap_params auxtrace_mp;
};
^ permalink raw reply related [flat|nested] 4+ messages in thread* [PATCH v6 2/2]: perf record: enable asynchronous trace writing
[not found] <01963930-68b3-ff33-6e05-acaff3efc083@linux.intel.com>
2018-09-04 11:56 ` [PATCH v6 1/2]: perf util: map data buffer for preserving collected data Alexey Budankov
@ 2018-09-04 11:58 ` Alexey Budankov
1 sibling, 0 replies; 4+ messages in thread
From: Alexey Budankov @ 2018-09-04 11:58 UTC (permalink / raw)
To: Ingo Molnar, Peter Zijlstra, Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
Cc: Alexander Shishkin, Jiri Olsa, Namhyung Kim, Andi Kleen, linux-kernel
record__aio_sync() allocates index of free map->data buffer for
a cpu buffer or blocks till completion of any started operation
and then proceeds.
Trace file offset is calculated and updated linearly prior
enqueuing aio write at record__pushfn().
record__mmap_read_sync() implements a barrier for all incomplete
aio write requests per-cpu per aio data.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Budankov <alexey.budankov@linux.intel.com>
---
Changes in v6:
- handled errno == EAGAIN case from aio_write();
Changes in v5:
- data loss metrics decreased from 25% to 2x in trialed configuration;
- avoided nanosleep() prior calling aio_suspend();
- switched to per cpu multi record__aio_sync() aio
- record_mmap_read_sync() now does global barrier just before
switching trace file or collection stop;
- resolved livelock on perf record -e intel_pt// -- dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null count=100000
Changes in v4:
- converted void *bf to struct perf_mmap *md in signatures
- written comment in perf_mmap__push() just before perf_mmap__get();
- written comment in record__mmap_read_sync() on possible restarting
of aio_write() operation and releasing perf_mmap object after all;
- added perf_mmap__put() for the cases of failed aio_write();
Changes in v3:
- written comments about nanosleep(0.5ms) call prior aio_suspend()
to cope with intrusiveness of its implementation in glibc;
- written comments about rationale behind coping profiling data
into mmap->data buffer;
---
tools/perf/builtin-record.c | 182 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
tools/perf/util/mmap.c | 57 ++++++++++----
tools/perf/util/mmap.h | 4 +-
3 files changed, 223 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-)
diff --git a/tools/perf/builtin-record.c b/tools/perf/builtin-record.c
index 8eb093f8d4d5..78965b3737a9 100644
--- a/tools/perf/builtin-record.c
+++ b/tools/perf/builtin-record.c
@@ -121,6 +121,91 @@ static int record__write(struct record *rec, void *bf, size_t size)
return 0;
}
+static int record__aio_write(struct aiocb *cblock, int trace_fd,
+ void *buf, size_t size, off_t off)
+{
+ int rc;
+
+ cblock->aio_fildes = trace_fd;
+ cblock->aio_buf = buf;
+ cblock->aio_nbytes = size;
+ cblock->aio_offset = off;
+ cblock->aio_sigevent.sigev_notify = SIGEV_NONE;
+
+ do {
+ rc = aio_write(cblock);
+ if (rc == 0) {
+ break;
+ } else if (errno != EAGAIN) {
+ cblock->aio_fildes = -1;
+ pr_err("failed to queue perf data, error: %m\n");
+ break;
+ }
+ } while (1);
+
+ return rc;
+}
+
+static int record__aio_sync(struct perf_mmap *md)
+{
+ void *rem_buf;
+ off_t rem_off;
+ size_t rem_size;
+ ssize_t aio_ret, written;
+ int i, aio_errno, do_suspend, idx = -1;
+ struct aiocb **cblocks = md->cblocks;
+ struct timespec timeout = { 0, 1000 * 1000 * 1 }; // 1ms
+
+ for (i = 0; i < md->nr_cblocks; ++i)
+ if (cblocks[i]->aio_fildes == -1)
+ return i;
+
+ do {
+ do_suspend = 0;
+ if (aio_suspend((const struct aiocb**)cblocks, md->nr_cblocks, &timeout)) {
+ if (!(errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR))
+ pr_err("failed to sync perf data, error: %m\n");
+ do_suspend = 1;
+ continue;
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < md->nr_cblocks; ++i) {
+ aio_errno = aio_error(cblocks[i]);
+ if (aio_errno == EINPROGRESS)
+ continue;
+ written = aio_ret = aio_return(cblocks[i]);
+ if (aio_ret < 0) {
+ if (aio_errno != EINTR)
+ pr_err("failed to write perf data, error: %m\n");
+ written = 0;
+ }
+ rem_size = cblocks[i]->aio_nbytes - written;
+ if (rem_size == 0) {
+ cblocks[i]->aio_fildes = -1;
+ /* md->refcount is incremented in perf_mmap__push() for
+ * every enqueued aio write request so decrement it because
+ * the request is now complete.
+ */
+ perf_mmap__put(md);
+ if (idx == -1)
+ idx = i;
+ } else {
+ /* aio write request may require restart with the
+ * reminder if the kernel didn't write whole
+ * chunk at once.
+ */
+ rem_off = cblocks[i]->aio_offset + written;
+ rem_buf = (void*)(cblocks[i]->aio_buf + written);
+ record__aio_write(cblocks[i], cblocks[i]->aio_fildes,
+ rem_buf, rem_size, rem_off);
+ }
+ }
+ if (idx == -1)
+ do_suspend = 1;
+ } while (do_suspend);
+
+ return idx;
+}
+
static int process_synthesized_event(struct perf_tool *tool,
union perf_event *event,
struct perf_sample *sample __maybe_unused,
@@ -130,12 +215,28 @@ static int process_synthesized_event(struct perf_tool *tool,
return record__write(rec, event, event->header.size);
}
-static int record__pushfn(void *to, void *bf, size_t size)
+static int record__pushfn(void *to, struct aiocb *cblock, void *data, size_t size)
{
+ off_t off;
struct record *rec = to;
+ int ret, trace_fd = rec->session->data->file.fd;
rec->samples++;
- return record__write(rec, bf, size);
+
+ off =
+ lseek(trace_fd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
+ lseek(trace_fd, off + size, SEEK_SET);
+
+ ret = record__aio_write(cblock, trace_fd, data, size, off);
+ if (!ret) {
+ rec->bytes_written += size;
+ if (switch_output_size(rec))
+ trigger_hit(&switch_output_trigger);
+ } else {
+ lseek(trace_fd, off, SEEK_SET);
+ }
+
+ return ret;
}
static volatile int done;
@@ -511,6 +612,70 @@ static struct perf_event_header finished_round_event = {
.type = PERF_RECORD_FINISHED_ROUND,
};
+static void record__aio_complete(struct perf_mmap *md, int i)
+{
+ int aio_errno;
+ void *rem_buf;
+ off_t rem_off;
+ size_t rem_size;
+ ssize_t aio_ret, written;
+ struct aiocb *cblock = md->cblocks[i];
+ struct timespec timeout = { 0, 1000 * 1000 * 1 }; // 1ms
+
+ if (cblock->aio_fildes == -1)
+ return;
+
+ do {
+ if (aio_suspend((const struct aiocb**)&cblock, 1, &timeout)) {
+ if (!(errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR))
+ pr_err("failed to sync perf data, error: %m\n");
+ continue;
+ }
+ aio_errno = aio_error(cblock);
+ if (aio_errno == EINPROGRESS)
+ continue;
+ written = aio_ret = aio_return(cblock);
+ if (aio_ret < 0) {
+ if (!(aio_errno == EINTR))
+ pr_err("failed to write perf data, error: %m\n");
+ written = 0;
+ }
+ rem_size = cblock->aio_nbytes - written;
+ if (rem_size == 0) {
+ cblock->aio_fildes = -1;
+ /* md->refcount is incremented in perf_mmap__push() for
+ * every enqueued aio write request so decrement it because
+ * the request is now complete.
+ */
+ perf_mmap__put(md);
+ return;
+ } else {
+ /* aio write request may require restart with the
+ * reminder if the kernel didn't write whole
+ * chunk at once.
+ */
+ rem_off = cblock->aio_offset + written;
+ rem_buf = (void*)(cblock->aio_buf + written);
+ record__aio_write(cblock, cblock->aio_fildes,
+ rem_buf, rem_size, rem_off);
+ }
+ } while (1);
+}
+
+static void record__mmap_read_sync(struct record *rec)
+{
+ int i, j;
+ struct perf_evlist *evlist = rec->evlist;
+ struct perf_mmap *maps = evlist->mmap;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < evlist->nr_mmaps; i++) {
+ struct perf_mmap *map = &maps[i];
+ if (map->base)
+ for (j = 0; j < map->nr_cblocks; ++j)
+ record__aio_complete(map, j);
+ }
+}
+
static int record__mmap_read_evlist(struct record *rec, struct perf_evlist *evlist,
bool overwrite)
{
@@ -533,7 +698,13 @@ static int record__mmap_read_evlist(struct record *rec, struct perf_evlist *evli
struct auxtrace_mmap *mm = &maps[i].auxtrace_mmap;
if (maps[i].base) {
- if (perf_mmap__push(&maps[i], rec, record__pushfn) != 0) {
+ /* Call record__aio_sync() to allocate free
+ * map->data buffer or wait till one of the
+ * buffers becomes available after previous
+ * aio write request.
+ */
+ if (perf_mmap__push(&maps[i], rec, record__aio_sync(&maps[i]),
+ record__pushfn) != 0) {
rc = -1;
goto out;
}
@@ -1055,6 +1226,7 @@ static int __cmd_record(struct record *rec, int argc, const char **argv)
perf_evlist__toggle_bkw_mmap(rec->evlist, BKW_MMAP_DATA_PENDING);
if (record__mmap_read_all(rec) < 0) {
+ record__mmap_read_sync(rec);
trigger_error(&auxtrace_snapshot_trigger);
trigger_error(&switch_output_trigger);
err = -1;
@@ -1066,6 +1238,7 @@ static int __cmd_record(struct record *rec, int argc, const char **argv)
if (!trigger_is_error(&auxtrace_snapshot_trigger))
record__read_auxtrace_snapshot(rec);
if (trigger_is_error(&auxtrace_snapshot_trigger)) {
+ record__mmap_read_sync(rec);
pr_err("AUX area tracing snapshot failed\n");
err = -1;
goto out_child;
@@ -1084,6 +1257,8 @@ static int __cmd_record(struct record *rec, int argc, const char **argv)
*/
if (rec->evlist->bkw_mmap_state == BKW_MMAP_RUNNING)
continue;
+
+ record__mmap_read_sync(rec);
trigger_ready(&switch_output_trigger);
/*
@@ -1137,6 +1312,7 @@ static int __cmd_record(struct record *rec, int argc, const char **argv)
disabled = true;
}
}
+ record__mmap_read_sync(rec);
trigger_off(&auxtrace_snapshot_trigger);
trigger_off(&switch_output_trigger);
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/mmap.c b/tools/perf/util/mmap.c
index 384d17cd1379..1d57d8387caf 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/mmap.c
+++ b/tools/perf/util/mmap.c
@@ -332,12 +332,12 @@ int perf_mmap__read_init(struct perf_mmap *map)
return __perf_mmap__read_init(map);
}
-int perf_mmap__push(struct perf_mmap *md, void *to,
- int push(void *to, void *buf, size_t size))
+int perf_mmap__push(struct perf_mmap *md, void *to, int idx,
+ int push(void *to, struct aiocb *cblock, void *data, size_t size))
{
u64 head = perf_mmap__read_head(md);
unsigned char *data = md->base + page_size;
- unsigned long size;
+ unsigned long size, size0 = 0;
void *buf;
int rc = 0;
@@ -345,31 +345,58 @@ int perf_mmap__push(struct perf_mmap *md, void *to,
if (rc < 0)
return (rc == -EAGAIN) ? 0 : -1;
+ /* md->base data is copied into md->data[idx] buffer to
+ * release space in the kernel buffer as fast as possible,
+ * thru perf_mmap__consume() below.
+ *
+ * That lets the kernel to proceed with storing more
+ * profiling data into the kernel buffer earlier than other
+ * per-cpu kernel buffers are handled.
+ *
+ * Coping can be done in two steps in case the chunk of
+ * profiling data crosses the upper bound of the kernel buffer.
+ * In this case we first move part of data from md->start
+ * till the upper bound and then the reminder from the
+ * beginning of the kernel buffer till the end of
+ * the data chunk.
+ */
+
size = md->end - md->start;
if ((md->start & md->mask) + size != (md->end & md->mask)) {
buf = &data[md->start & md->mask];
- size = md->mask + 1 - (md->start & md->mask);
- md->start += size;
-
- if (push(to, buf, size) < 0) {
- rc = -1;
- goto out;
- }
+ size0 = md->mask + 1 - (md->start & md->mask);
+ md->start += size0;
+ memcpy(md->data[idx], buf, size0);
}
buf = &data[md->start & md->mask];
size = md->end - md->start;
md->start += size;
+ memcpy(md->data[idx] + size0, buf, size);
- if (push(to, buf, size) < 0) {
- rc = -1;
- goto out;
- }
+ /* Increment md->refcount to guard md->data[idx] buffer
+ * from premature deallocation because md object can be
+ * released earlier than aio write request started
+ * on mmap->data[idx] is complete.
+ *
+ * perf_mmap__put() is done at record__aio_sync() or
+ * record__aio_complete() after started request completion.
+ */
+
+ perf_mmap__get(md);
md->prev = head;
perf_mmap__consume(md);
-out:
+
+ rc = push(to, md->cblocks[idx], md->data[idx], size0 + size);
+ if (rc) {
+ /* Decrement md->refcount back if aio write
+ * operation failed to start.
+ */
+ perf_mmap__put(md);
+ }
+
return rc;
}
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/mmap.h b/tools/perf/util/mmap.h
index 4a9bb0ecae4f..9a106c075172 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/mmap.h
+++ b/tools/perf/util/mmap.h
@@ -95,8 +95,8 @@ union perf_event *perf_mmap__read_forward(struct perf_mmap *map);
union perf_event *perf_mmap__read_event(struct perf_mmap *map);
-int perf_mmap__push(struct perf_mmap *md, void *to,
- int push(void *to, void *buf, size_t size));
+int perf_mmap__push(struct perf_mmap *md, void *to, int aio_idx,
+ int push(void *to, struct aiocb *cblock, void *data, size_t size));
size_t perf_mmap__mmap_len(struct perf_mmap *map);
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