From: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
To: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Justin Stitt <justinstitt@google.com>,
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>,
Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>,
linux-hardening@vger.kernel.org, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
llvm@lists.linux.dev
Subject: Re: [RFC] Mitigating unexpected arithmetic overflow
Date: Wed, 8 May 2024 17:23:08 -0700 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <CAHk-=wgf5mpRT_Aiw9aebX_z0i49aUbUBEPr6jk_dUaCTuR6cw@mail.gmail.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <CAHk-=wgoE5EkH+sQwi4KhRhCZizUxwZAnC=+9RbZcw7g6016LQ@mail.gmail.com>
On Wed, 8 May 2024 at 16:47, Linus Torvalds
<torvalds@linux-foundation.org> wrote:
>
> So *that* I feel could be something where you can warn without a ton
> of compiler smarts at all. If you see an *implicit* cast to unsigned
> and then the subsequent operations wraps around, it's probably worth
> being a lot more worried about.
Side note on this part: quite often, because of C promotion rules, you
have "int" as an "intermediate" type.
IOW, while I had that example of
int a;
...
a * sizeof(xyz);
being questionably not-UB (because "int a" gets promoted to unsigned
as part of C integer promotion, and thus you really had a signed value
that was involved in unsigned wrap-around), if you have
unsigned short a;
...
a * sizeof(xyz);
then technically that 'a' is first promoted to 'int' (because all
arithmetic on types smaller than int get promoted to int), and then it
gets promoted to size_t because the multiply gets done in the bigger
type.
So in one sense that unsigned multiply may actually have involved a
cast from a signed type, but at the same time it's not at all in that
kind of "accidentally not UB" class.
I suspect most compilers would have combined the two levels of
implicit casts into just one, so at no point outside of perhaps some
very intermediate stage will it show as a signed int cast to unsigned,
but I thought I'd mention it anyway. Implicit casts get nasty not just
in assignments, but also in these kinds of situations.
I still suspect the "implicit truncating cast at assignment" is likely
a much more common case of loss of information than actual arithmetic
wrap-around, but clearly the two have commonalities.
Linus
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2024-05-09 0:23 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 44+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2024-05-07 23:27 [RFC] Mitigating unexpected arithmetic overflow Kees Cook
2024-05-08 12:22 ` David Laight
2024-05-08 23:43 ` Kees Cook
2024-05-08 17:52 ` Linus Torvalds
2024-05-08 19:44 ` Kees Cook
2024-05-08 20:07 ` Linus Torvalds
2024-05-08 22:54 ` Kees Cook
2024-05-08 23:47 ` Linus Torvalds
2024-05-09 0:06 ` Linus Torvalds
2024-05-09 0:23 ` Linus Torvalds [this message]
2024-05-09 6:11 ` Kees Cook
2024-05-09 14:08 ` Theodore Ts'o
2024-05-09 15:38 ` Linus Torvalds
2024-05-09 17:54 ` Al Viro
2024-05-09 18:08 ` Linus Torvalds
2024-05-09 18:39 ` Linus Torvalds
2024-05-09 18:48 ` Al Viro
2024-05-09 19:15 ` Linus Torvalds
2024-05-09 19:28 ` Al Viro
2024-05-09 21:06 ` David Laight
2024-05-18 5:11 ` Matthew Wilcox
2024-05-09 21:23 ` David Laight
2024-05-12 8:03 ` Martin Uecker
2024-05-12 16:09 ` Linus Torvalds
2024-05-12 19:29 ` Martin Uecker
2024-05-13 18:34 ` Kees Cook
2024-05-15 7:36 ` Peter Zijlstra
2024-05-15 17:12 ` Justin Stitt
2024-05-16 7:45 ` Peter Zijlstra
2024-05-16 13:30 ` Kees Cook
2024-05-16 14:09 ` Peter Zijlstra
2024-05-16 19:48 ` Justin Stitt
2024-05-16 20:07 ` Kees Cook
2024-05-16 20:51 ` Theodore Ts'o
2024-05-17 21:15 ` Kees Cook
2024-05-18 2:51 ` Theodore Ts'o
2024-05-17 22:04 ` Fangrui Song
2024-05-18 13:08 ` David Laight
2024-05-15 7:57 ` Peter Zijlstra
2024-05-17 7:45 ` Jonas Oberhauser
2024-05-11 16:19 ` Dan Carpenter
2024-05-13 19:43 ` Kees Cook
2024-05-14 8:45 ` Dan Carpenter
2024-05-18 15:39 ` David Laight
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