[PATCH v5 00/10] KVM: x86: Add a cap to disable NX hugepages on a VM

[PATCH v5 00/10] KVM: x86: Add a cap to disable NX hugepages on a VM

[Ben Gardon]

Given the high cost of NX hugepages in terms of TLB performance, it may
be desirable to disable the mitigation on a per-VM basis. In the case of public
cloud providers with many VMs on a single host, some VMs may be more trusted
than others. In order to maximize performance on critical VMs, while still
providing some protection to the host from iTLB Multihit, allow the mitigation
to be selectively disabled.

Disabling NX hugepages on a VM is relatively straightforward, but I took this
as an opportunity to add some NX hugepages test coverage and clean up selftests
infrastructure a bit.

This series was tested with the new selftest and the rest of the KVM selftests
on an Intel Haswell machine.

The following tests failed, but I do not believe that has anything to do with
this series:
	userspace_io_test
	vmx_nested_tsc_scaling_test
	vmx_preemption_timer_test

Changelog:
v1->v2:
	Dropped the complicated memslot refactor in favor of Ricardo Koller's
	patch with a similar effect.
	Incorporated David Dunn's feedback and reviewed by tag: shortened waits
	to speed up test.
v2->v3:
	Incorporated a suggestion from David on how to build the NX huge pages
	test.
	Fixed a build breakage identified by David.
	Dropped the per-vm nx_huge_pages field in favor of simply checking the
	global + per-VM disable override.
	Documented the new capability
	Separated out the commit to test disabling NX huge pages
	Removed permission check when checking if the disable NX capability is
	supported.
	Added test coverage for the permission check.
v3->v4:
	Collected RB's from Jing and David
	Modified stat collection to reduce a memory allocation [David]
	Incorporated various improvments to the NX test [David]
	Changed the NX disable test to run by default [David]
	Removed some now unnecessary commits
	Dropped the code to dump KVM stats from the binary stats test, and
	factor out parts of the existing test to library functions instead.
	[David, Jing, Sean]
	Dropped the improvement to a debugging log message as it's no longer
	relevant to this series.
v4->v5:
	Incorporated cleanup suggestions from David and Sean
	Added a patch with style fixes for the binary stats test from Sean
	Added a restriction that NX huge pages can only be disabled before
	vCPUs are created [Sean]

Ben Gardon (9):
  KVM: selftests: Remove dynamic memory allocation for stats header
  KVM: selftests: Read binary stats header in lib
  KVM: selftests: Read binary stats desc in lib
  KVM: selftests: Read binary stat data in lib
  KVM: selftests: Add NX huge pages test
  KVM: x86: Fix errant brace in KVM capability handling
  KVM: x86/MMU: Allow NX huge pages to be disabled on a per-vm basis
  KVM: selftests: Factor out calculation of pages needed for a VM
  KVM: selftests: Test disabling NX hugepages on a VM

Sean Christopherson (1):
  KVM: selftests: Clean up coding style in binary stats test

 Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst                |  13 +
 arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h               |   2 +
 arch/x86/kvm/mmu.h                            |   9 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/mmu/spte.c                       |   7 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/mmu/spte.h                       |   3 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/mmu/tdp_mmu.c                    |   3 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c                            |  25 +-
 include/uapi/linux/kvm.h                      |   1 +
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile          |  10 +
 .../selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h     |  13 +
 .../selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c     | 142 ++++++-----
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c    | 232 ++++++++++++++++--
 .../selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c | 206 ++++++++++++++++
 .../kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.sh          |  25 ++
 14 files changed, 597 insertions(+), 94 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c
 create mode 100755 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.sh

-- 
2.35.1.1178.g4f1659d476-goog

[PATCH v5 01/10] KVM: selftests: Remove dynamic memory allocation for stats header

[Ben Gardon]

There's no need to allocate dynamic memory for the stats header since
its size is known at compile time.

Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
---
 .../selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c     | 58 +++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 27 insertions(+), 31 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c
index 17f65d514915..dad34d8a41fe 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c
@@ -26,56 +26,53 @@ static void stats_test(int stats_fd)
 	int i;
 	size_t size_desc;
 	size_t size_data = 0;
-	struct kvm_stats_header *header;
+	struct kvm_stats_header header;
 	char *id;
 	struct kvm_stats_desc *stats_desc;
 	u64 *stats_data;
 	struct kvm_stats_desc *pdesc;
 
 	/* Read kvm stats header */
-	header = malloc(sizeof(*header));
-	TEST_ASSERT(header, "Allocate memory for stats header");
-
-	ret = read(stats_fd, header, sizeof(*header));
-	TEST_ASSERT(ret == sizeof(*header), "Read stats header");
-	size_desc = sizeof(*stats_desc) + header->name_size;
+	ret = read(stats_fd, &header, sizeof(header));
+	TEST_ASSERT(ret == sizeof(header), "Read stats header");
+	size_desc = sizeof(*stats_desc) + header.name_size;
 
 	/* Read kvm stats id string */
-	id = malloc(header->name_size);
+	id = malloc(header.name_size);
 	TEST_ASSERT(id, "Allocate memory for id string");
-	ret = read(stats_fd, id, header->name_size);
-	TEST_ASSERT(ret == header->name_size, "Read id string");
+	ret = read(stats_fd, id, header.name_size);
+	TEST_ASSERT(ret == header.name_size, "Read id string");
 
 	/* Check id string, that should start with "kvm" */
-	TEST_ASSERT(!strncmp(id, "kvm", 3) && strlen(id) < header->name_size,
+	TEST_ASSERT(!strncmp(id, "kvm", 3) && strlen(id) < header.name_size,
 				"Invalid KVM stats type, id: %s", id);
 
 	/* Sanity check for other fields in header */
-	if (header->num_desc == 0) {
+	if (header.num_desc == 0) {
 		printf("No KVM stats defined!");
 		return;
 	}
 	/* Check overlap */
-	TEST_ASSERT(header->desc_offset > 0 && header->data_offset > 0
-			&& header->desc_offset >= sizeof(*header)
-			&& header->data_offset >= sizeof(*header),
+	TEST_ASSERT(header.desc_offset > 0 && header.data_offset > 0
+			&& header.desc_offset >= sizeof(header)
+			&& header.data_offset >= sizeof(header),
 			"Invalid offset fields in header");
-	TEST_ASSERT(header->desc_offset > header->data_offset ||
-			(header->desc_offset + size_desc * header->num_desc <=
-							header->data_offset),
+	TEST_ASSERT(header.desc_offset > header.data_offset ||
+			(header.desc_offset + size_desc * header.num_desc <=
+							header.data_offset),
 			"Descriptor block is overlapped with data block");
 
 	/* Allocate memory for stats descriptors */
-	stats_desc = calloc(header->num_desc, size_desc);
+	stats_desc = calloc(header.num_desc, size_desc);
 	TEST_ASSERT(stats_desc, "Allocate memory for stats descriptors");
 	/* Read kvm stats descriptors */
 	ret = pread(stats_fd, stats_desc,
-			size_desc * header->num_desc, header->desc_offset);
-	TEST_ASSERT(ret == size_desc * header->num_desc,
+			size_desc * header.num_desc, header.desc_offset);
+	TEST_ASSERT(ret == size_desc * header.num_desc,
 			"Read KVM stats descriptors");
 
 	/* Sanity check for fields in descriptors */
-	for (i = 0; i < header->num_desc; ++i) {
+	for (i = 0; i < header.num_desc; ++i) {
 		pdesc = (void *)stats_desc + i * size_desc;
 		/* Check type,unit,base boundaries */
 		TEST_ASSERT((pdesc->flags & KVM_STATS_TYPE_MASK)
@@ -104,7 +101,7 @@ static void stats_test(int stats_fd)
 			break;
 		}
 		/* Check name string */
-		TEST_ASSERT(strlen(pdesc->name) < header->name_size,
+		TEST_ASSERT(strlen(pdesc->name) < header.name_size,
 				"KVM stats name(%s) too long", pdesc->name);
 		/* Check size field, which should not be zero */
 		TEST_ASSERT(pdesc->size, "KVM descriptor(%s) with size of 0",
@@ -124,14 +121,14 @@ static void stats_test(int stats_fd)
 		size_data += pdesc->size * sizeof(*stats_data);
 	}
 	/* Check overlap */
-	TEST_ASSERT(header->data_offset >= header->desc_offset
-		|| header->data_offset + size_data <= header->desc_offset,
+	TEST_ASSERT(header.data_offset >= header.desc_offset
+		|| header.data_offset + size_data <= header.desc_offset,
 		"Data block is overlapped with Descriptor block");
 	/* Check validity of all stats data size */
-	TEST_ASSERT(size_data >= header->num_desc * sizeof(*stats_data),
+	TEST_ASSERT(size_data >= header.num_desc * sizeof(*stats_data),
 			"Data size is not correct");
 	/* Check stats offset */
-	for (i = 0; i < header->num_desc; ++i) {
+	for (i = 0; i < header.num_desc; ++i) {
 		pdesc = (void *)stats_desc + i * size_desc;
 		TEST_ASSERT(pdesc->offset < size_data,
 			"Invalid offset (%u) for stats: %s",
@@ -142,15 +139,15 @@ static void stats_test(int stats_fd)
 	stats_data = malloc(size_data);
 	TEST_ASSERT(stats_data, "Allocate memory for stats data");
 	/* Read kvm stats data as a bulk */
-	ret = pread(stats_fd, stats_data, size_data, header->data_offset);
+	ret = pread(stats_fd, stats_data, size_data, header.data_offset);
 	TEST_ASSERT(ret == size_data, "Read KVM stats data");
 	/* Read kvm stats data one by one */
 	size_data = 0;
-	for (i = 0; i < header->num_desc; ++i) {
+	for (i = 0; i < header.num_desc; ++i) {
 		pdesc = (void *)stats_desc + i * size_desc;
 		ret = pread(stats_fd, stats_data,
 				pdesc->size * sizeof(*stats_data),
-				header->data_offset + size_data);
+				header.data_offset + size_data);
 		TEST_ASSERT(ret == pdesc->size * sizeof(*stats_data),
 				"Read data of KVM stats: %s", pdesc->name);
 		size_data += pdesc->size * sizeof(*stats_data);
@@ -159,7 +156,6 @@ static void stats_test(int stats_fd)
 	free(stats_data);
 	free(stats_desc);
 	free(id);
-	free(header);
 }
 
 
-- 
2.35.1.1178.g4f1659d476-goog

[PATCH v5 02/10] KVM: selftests: Read binary stats header in lib

[Ben Gardon]

Move the code to read the binary stats header to the KVM selftests
library. It will be re-used by other tests to check KVM behavior.

No functional change intended.

Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
---
 .../selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h     |  1 +
 .../selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c     |  4 ++--
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c    | 21 +++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 24 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h
index 92cef0ffb19e..749cded9b157 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h
@@ -400,6 +400,7 @@ void assert_on_unhandled_exception(struct kvm_vm *vm, uint32_t vcpuid);
 
 int vm_get_stats_fd(struct kvm_vm *vm);
 int vcpu_get_stats_fd(struct kvm_vm *vm, uint32_t vcpuid);
+void read_stats_header(int stats_fd, struct kvm_stats_header *header);
 
 uint32_t guest_get_vcpuid(void);
 
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c
index dad34d8a41fe..fb511b42a03e 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ static void stats_test(int stats_fd)
 	struct kvm_stats_desc *pdesc;
 
 	/* Read kvm stats header */
-	ret = read(stats_fd, &header, sizeof(header));
-	TEST_ASSERT(ret == sizeof(header), "Read stats header");
+	read_stats_header(stats_fd, &header);
+
 	size_desc = sizeof(*stats_desc) + header.name_size;
 
 	/* Read kvm stats id string */
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
index 1665a220abcb..1d75d41f92dc 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
@@ -2556,3 +2556,24 @@ int vcpu_get_stats_fd(struct kvm_vm *vm, uint32_t vcpuid)
 
 	return ioctl(vcpu->fd, KVM_GET_STATS_FD, NULL);
 }
+
+/*
+ * Read binary stats header
+ *
+ * Input Args:
+ *   stats_fd - the file descriptor for the binary stats file from which to read
+ *
+ * Output Args:
+ *   header - a binary stats metadata header to be filled with data
+ *
+ * Return: void
+ *
+ * Read a header for the binary stats interface.
+ */
+void read_stats_header(int stats_fd, struct kvm_stats_header *header)
+{
+	ssize_t ret;
+
+	ret = read(stats_fd, header, sizeof(*header));
+	TEST_ASSERT(ret == sizeof(*header), "Read stats header");
+}
-- 
2.35.1.1178.g4f1659d476-goog

[PATCH v5 03/10] KVM: selftests: Read binary stats desc in lib

[Ben Gardon]

Move the code to read the binary stats descriptors to the KVM selftests
library. It will be re-used by other tests to check KVM behavior.

No functional change intended.

Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
---
 .../selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h     |  2 +
 .../selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c     |  8 +---
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c    | 38 +++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 41 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h
index 749cded9b157..fabe46ddc1b2 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h
@@ -401,6 +401,8 @@ void assert_on_unhandled_exception(struct kvm_vm *vm, uint32_t vcpuid);
 int vm_get_stats_fd(struct kvm_vm *vm);
 int vcpu_get_stats_fd(struct kvm_vm *vm, uint32_t vcpuid);
 void read_stats_header(int stats_fd, struct kvm_stats_header *header);
+struct kvm_stats_desc *read_stats_desc(int stats_fd,
+				       struct kvm_stats_header *header);
 
 uint32_t guest_get_vcpuid(void);
 
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c
index fb511b42a03e..b49fae45db1e 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c
@@ -62,14 +62,8 @@ static void stats_test(int stats_fd)
 							header.data_offset),
 			"Descriptor block is overlapped with data block");
 
-	/* Allocate memory for stats descriptors */
-	stats_desc = calloc(header.num_desc, size_desc);
-	TEST_ASSERT(stats_desc, "Allocate memory for stats descriptors");
 	/* Read kvm stats descriptors */
-	ret = pread(stats_fd, stats_desc,
-			size_desc * header.num_desc, header.desc_offset);
-	TEST_ASSERT(ret == size_desc * header.num_desc,
-			"Read KVM stats descriptors");
+	stats_desc = read_stats_desc(stats_fd, &header);
 
 	/* Sanity check for fields in descriptors */
 	for (i = 0; i < header.num_desc; ++i) {
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
index 1d75d41f92dc..12fa8cc88043 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
@@ -2577,3 +2577,41 @@ void read_stats_header(int stats_fd, struct kvm_stats_header *header)
 	ret = read(stats_fd, header, sizeof(*header));
 	TEST_ASSERT(ret == sizeof(*header), "Read stats header");
 }
+
+static ssize_t stats_descs_size(struct kvm_stats_header *header)
+{
+	return header->num_desc *
+	       (sizeof(struct kvm_stats_desc) + header->name_size);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Read binary stats descriptors
+ *
+ * Input Args:
+ *   stats_fd - the file descriptor for the binary stats file from which to read
+ *   header - the binary stats metadata header corresponding to the given FD
+ *
+ * Output Args: None
+ *
+ * Return:
+ *   A pointer to a newly allocated series of stat descriptors.
+ *   Caller is responsible for freeing the returned kvm_stats_desc.
+ *
+ * Read the stats descriptors from the binary stats interface.
+ */
+struct kvm_stats_desc *read_stats_desc(int stats_fd,
+				       struct kvm_stats_header *header)
+{
+	struct kvm_stats_desc *stats_desc;
+	ssize_t ret;
+
+	stats_desc = malloc(stats_descs_size(header));
+	TEST_ASSERT(stats_desc, "Allocate memory for stats descriptors");
+
+	ret = pread(stats_fd, stats_desc, stats_descs_size(header),
+		    header->desc_offset);
+	TEST_ASSERT(ret == stats_descs_size(header),
+		    "Read KVM stats descriptors");
+
+	return stats_desc;
+}
-- 
2.35.1.1178.g4f1659d476-goog

[PATCH v5 04/10] KVM: selftests: Clean up coding style in binary stats test

[Ben Gardon]

From: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>

Fix a variety of code style violations and/or inconsistencies in the
binary stats test.  The 80 char limit is a soft limit and can and should
be ignored/violated if doing so improves the overall code readability.

Specifically, provide consistent indentation and don't split expressions
at arbitrary points just to honor the 80 char limit.

Opportunistically expand/add comments to call out the more subtle aspects
of the code.

Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
---
 .../selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c     | 91 ++++++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 56 insertions(+), 35 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c
index b49fae45db1e..8b31f8fc7e08 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c
@@ -35,47 +35,64 @@ static void stats_test(int stats_fd)
 	/* Read kvm stats header */
 	read_stats_header(stats_fd, &header);
 
+	/*
+	 * The base size of the descriptor is defined by KVM's ABI, but the
+	 * size of the name field is variable as far as KVM's ABI is concerned.
+	 * But, the size of name is constant for a given instance of KVM and
+	 * is provided by KVM in the overall stats header.
+	 */
 	size_desc = sizeof(*stats_desc) + header.name_size;
 
 	/* Read kvm stats id string */
 	id = malloc(header.name_size);
 	TEST_ASSERT(id, "Allocate memory for id string");
+
 	ret = read(stats_fd, id, header.name_size);
 	TEST_ASSERT(ret == header.name_size, "Read id string");
 
 	/* Check id string, that should start with "kvm" */
 	TEST_ASSERT(!strncmp(id, "kvm", 3) && strlen(id) < header.name_size,
-				"Invalid KVM stats type, id: %s", id);
+		    "Invalid KVM stats type, id: %s", id);
 
 	/* Sanity check for other fields in header */
 	if (header.num_desc == 0) {
 		printf("No KVM stats defined!");
 		return;
 	}
-	/* Check overlap */
-	TEST_ASSERT(header.desc_offset > 0 && header.data_offset > 0
-			&& header.desc_offset >= sizeof(header)
-			&& header.data_offset >= sizeof(header),
-			"Invalid offset fields in header");
+	/*
+	 * The descriptor and data offsets must be valid, they must not overlap
+	 * the header, and the descriptor and data blocks must not overlap each
+	 * other.  Note, the data block is rechecked after its size is known.
+	 */
+	TEST_ASSERT(header.desc_offset && header.desc_offset >= sizeof(header) &&
+		    header.data_offset && header.data_offset >= sizeof(header),
+		    "Invalid offset fields in header");
+
 	TEST_ASSERT(header.desc_offset > header.data_offset ||
-			(header.desc_offset + size_desc * header.num_desc <=
-							header.data_offset),
-			"Descriptor block is overlapped with data block");
+		    (header.desc_offset + size_desc * header.num_desc <= header.data_offset),
+		    "Descriptor block is overlapped with data block");
 
 	/* Read kvm stats descriptors */
 	stats_desc = read_stats_desc(stats_fd, &header);
 
 	/* Sanity check for fields in descriptors */
 	for (i = 0; i < header.num_desc; ++i) {
+		/*
+		 * Note, size_desc includes the of the name field, which is
+		 * variable, i.e. this is NOT equivalent to &stats_desc[i].
+		 */
 		pdesc = (void *)stats_desc + i * size_desc;
-		/* Check type,unit,base boundaries */
-		TEST_ASSERT((pdesc->flags & KVM_STATS_TYPE_MASK)
-				<= KVM_STATS_TYPE_MAX, "Unknown KVM stats type");
-		TEST_ASSERT((pdesc->flags & KVM_STATS_UNIT_MASK)
-				<= KVM_STATS_UNIT_MAX, "Unknown KVM stats unit");
-		TEST_ASSERT((pdesc->flags & KVM_STATS_BASE_MASK)
-				<= KVM_STATS_BASE_MAX, "Unknown KVM stats base");
-		/* Check exponent for stats unit
+
+		/* Check type, unit, and base boundaries */
+		TEST_ASSERT((pdesc->flags & KVM_STATS_TYPE_MASK) <= KVM_STATS_TYPE_MAX,
+			    "Unknown KVM stats type");
+		TEST_ASSERT((pdesc->flags & KVM_STATS_UNIT_MASK) <= KVM_STATS_UNIT_MAX,
+			    "Unknown KVM stats unit");
+		TEST_ASSERT((pdesc->flags & KVM_STATS_BASE_MASK) <= KVM_STATS_BASE_MAX,
+			    "Unknown KVM stats base");
+
+		/*
+		 * Check exponent for stats unit
 		 * Exponent for counter should be greater than or equal to 0
 		 * Exponent for unit bytes should be greater than or equal to 0
 		 * Exponent for unit seconds should be less than or equal to 0
@@ -86,47 +103,51 @@ static void stats_test(int stats_fd)
 		case KVM_STATS_UNIT_NONE:
 		case KVM_STATS_UNIT_BYTES:
 		case KVM_STATS_UNIT_CYCLES:
-			TEST_ASSERT(pdesc->exponent >= 0,
-					"Unsupported KVM stats unit");
+			TEST_ASSERT(pdesc->exponent >= 0, "Unsupported KVM stats unit");
 			break;
 		case KVM_STATS_UNIT_SECONDS:
-			TEST_ASSERT(pdesc->exponent <= 0,
-					"Unsupported KVM stats unit");
+			TEST_ASSERT(pdesc->exponent <= 0, "Unsupported KVM stats unit");
 			break;
 		}
 		/* Check name string */
 		TEST_ASSERT(strlen(pdesc->name) < header.name_size,
-				"KVM stats name(%s) too long", pdesc->name);
+			    "KVM stats name(%s) too long", pdesc->name);
 		/* Check size field, which should not be zero */
-		TEST_ASSERT(pdesc->size, "KVM descriptor(%s) with size of 0",
-				pdesc->name);
+		TEST_ASSERT(pdesc->size,
+			    "KVM descriptor(%s) with size of 0", pdesc->name);
 		/* Check bucket_size field */
 		switch (pdesc->flags & KVM_STATS_TYPE_MASK) {
 		case KVM_STATS_TYPE_LINEAR_HIST:
 			TEST_ASSERT(pdesc->bucket_size,
-			    "Bucket size of Linear Histogram stats (%s) is zero",
-			    pdesc->name);
+				    "Bucket size of Linear Histogram stats (%s) is zero",
+				    pdesc->name);
 			break;
 		default:
 			TEST_ASSERT(!pdesc->bucket_size,
-			    "Bucket size of stats (%s) is not zero",
-			    pdesc->name);
+				    "Bucket size of stats (%s) is not zero",
+				    pdesc->name);
 		}
 		size_data += pdesc->size * sizeof(*stats_data);
 	}
-	/* Check overlap */
-	TEST_ASSERT(header.data_offset >= header.desc_offset
-		|| header.data_offset + size_data <= header.desc_offset,
-		"Data block is overlapped with Descriptor block");
+
+	/*
+	 * Now that the size of the data block is known, verify the data block
+	 * doesn't overlap the descriptor block.
+	 */
+	TEST_ASSERT(header.data_offset >= header.desc_offset ||
+		    header.data_offset + size_data <= header.desc_offset,
+		    "Data block is overlapped with Descriptor block");
+
 	/* Check validity of all stats data size */
 	TEST_ASSERT(size_data >= header.num_desc * sizeof(*stats_data),
-			"Data size is not correct");
+		    "Data size is not correct");
+
 	/* Check stats offset */
 	for (i = 0; i < header.num_desc; ++i) {
 		pdesc = (void *)stats_desc + i * size_desc;
 		TEST_ASSERT(pdesc->offset < size_data,
-			"Invalid offset (%u) for stats: %s",
-			pdesc->offset, pdesc->name);
+			    "Invalid offset (%u) for stats: %s",
+			    pdesc->offset, pdesc->name);
 	}
 
 	/* Allocate memory for stats data */
-- 
2.35.1.1178.g4f1659d476-goog

[PATCH v5 05/10] KVM: selftests: Read binary stat data in lib

[Ben Gardon]

Move the code to read the binary stats data to the KVM selftests
library. It will be re-used by other tests to check KVM behavior.

No functional change intended.

Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
---
 .../selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h     |  3 ++
 .../selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c     |  7 ++--
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c    | 36 +++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 41 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h
index fabe46ddc1b2..2a3a4d9ed8e3 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h
@@ -403,6 +403,9 @@ int vcpu_get_stats_fd(struct kvm_vm *vm, uint32_t vcpuid);
 void read_stats_header(int stats_fd, struct kvm_stats_header *header);
 struct kvm_stats_desc *read_stats_desc(int stats_fd,
 				       struct kvm_stats_header *header);
+int read_stat_data(int stats_fd, struct kvm_stats_header *header,
+		   struct kvm_stats_desc *desc, uint64_t *data,
+		   ssize_t max_elements);
 
 uint32_t guest_get_vcpuid(void);
 
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c
index 8b31f8fc7e08..59677fae26e5 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c
@@ -160,11 +160,8 @@ static void stats_test(int stats_fd)
 	size_data = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < header.num_desc; ++i) {
 		pdesc = (void *)stats_desc + i * size_desc;
-		ret = pread(stats_fd, stats_data,
-				pdesc->size * sizeof(*stats_data),
-				header.data_offset + size_data);
-		TEST_ASSERT(ret == pdesc->size * sizeof(*stats_data),
-				"Read data of KVM stats: %s", pdesc->name);
+		read_stat_data(stats_fd, &header, pdesc, stats_data,
+			       pdesc->size);
 		size_data += pdesc->size * sizeof(*stats_data);
 	}
 
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
index 12fa8cc88043..fc2321055a69 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
@@ -2615,3 +2615,39 @@ struct kvm_stats_desc *read_stats_desc(int stats_fd,
 
 	return stats_desc;
 }
+
+/*
+ * Read stat data for a particular stat
+ *
+ * Input Args:
+ *   stats_fd - the file descriptor for the binary stats file from which to read
+ *   header - the binary stats metadata header corresponding to the given FD
+ *   desc - the binary stat metadata for the particular stat to be read
+ *   max_elements - the maximum number of 8-byte values to read into data
+ *
+ * Output Args:
+ *   data - the buffer into which stat data should be read
+ *
+ * Return:
+ *   The number of data elements read into data or -ERRNO on error.
+ *
+ * Read the data values of a specified stat from the binary stats interface.
+ */
+int read_stat_data(int stats_fd, struct kvm_stats_header *header,
+		   struct kvm_stats_desc *desc, uint64_t *data,
+		   ssize_t max_elements)
+{
+	ssize_t size = min((ssize_t)desc->size, max_elements);
+	ssize_t ret;
+
+	ret = pread(stats_fd, data, size * sizeof(*data),
+		    header->data_offset + desc->offset);
+
+	/* ret from pread is in bytes. */
+	ret = ret / sizeof(*data);
+
+	TEST_ASSERT(ret == size,
+		    "Read data of KVM stats: %s", desc->name);
+
+	return ret;
+}
-- 
2.35.1.1178.g4f1659d476-goog

[PATCH v5 06/10] KVM: selftests: Add NX huge pages test

[Ben Gardon]

There's currently no test coverage of NX hugepages in KVM selftests, so
add a basic test to ensure that the feature works as intended.

Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
---
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile          |  10 ++
 .../selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h     |   1 +
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c    |  62 +++++++
 .../selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c | 166 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.sh          |  25 +++
 5 files changed, 264 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c
 create mode 100755 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.sh

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile
index af582d168621..9bb9bce4df37 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile
@@ -43,6 +43,10 @@ LIBKVM_aarch64 = lib/aarch64/processor.c lib/aarch64/ucall.c lib/aarch64/handler
 LIBKVM_s390x = lib/s390x/processor.c lib/s390x/ucall.c lib/s390x/diag318_test_handler.c
 LIBKVM_riscv = lib/riscv/processor.c lib/riscv/ucall.c
 
+# Non-compiled test targets
+TEST_PROGS_x86_64 += x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.sh
+
+# Compiled test targets
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_x86_64 = x86_64/cpuid_test
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_x86_64 += x86_64/cr4_cpuid_sync_test
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_x86_64 += x86_64/get_msr_index_features
@@ -104,6 +108,9 @@ TEST_GEN_PROGS_x86_64 += steal_time
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_x86_64 += kvm_binary_stats_test
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_x86_64 += system_counter_offset_test
 
+# Compiled outputs used by test targets
+TEST_GEN_PROGS_EXTENDED_x86_64 += x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test
+
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_aarch64 += aarch64/arch_timer
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_aarch64 += aarch64/debug-exceptions
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_aarch64 += aarch64/get-reg-list
@@ -142,7 +149,9 @@ TEST_GEN_PROGS_riscv += kvm_page_table_test
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_riscv += set_memory_region_test
 TEST_GEN_PROGS_riscv += kvm_binary_stats_test
 
+TEST_PROGS += $(TEST_PROGS_$(UNAME_M))
 TEST_GEN_PROGS += $(TEST_GEN_PROGS_$(UNAME_M))
+TEST_GEN_PROGS_EXTENDED += $(TEST_GEN_PROGS_EXTENDED_$(UNAME_M))
 LIBKVM += $(LIBKVM_$(UNAME_M))
 
 INSTALL_HDR_PATH = $(top_srcdir)/usr
@@ -193,6 +202,7 @@ $(OUTPUT)/libkvm.a: $(LIBKVM_OBJS)
 x := $(shell mkdir -p $(sort $(dir $(TEST_GEN_PROGS))))
 all: $(STATIC_LIBS)
 $(TEST_GEN_PROGS): $(STATIC_LIBS)
+$(TEST_GEN_PROGS_EXTENDED): $(STATIC_LIBS)
 
 cscope: include_paths = $(LINUX_TOOL_INCLUDE) $(LINUX_HDR_PATH) include lib ..
 cscope:
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h
index 2a3a4d9ed8e3..001b55ae25f8 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h
@@ -406,6 +406,7 @@ struct kvm_stats_desc *read_stats_desc(int stats_fd,
 int read_stat_data(int stats_fd, struct kvm_stats_header *header,
 		   struct kvm_stats_desc *desc, uint64_t *data,
 		   ssize_t max_elements);
+uint64_t vm_get_stat(struct kvm_vm *vm, const char *stat_name);
 
 uint32_t guest_get_vcpuid(void);
 
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
index fc2321055a69..d332f02370d1 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
@@ -2651,3 +2651,65 @@ int read_stat_data(int stats_fd, struct kvm_stats_header *header,
 
 	return ret;
 }
+
+static int __vm_get_stat(struct kvm_vm *vm, const char *stat_name,
+			    uint64_t *data, ssize_t max_elements)
+{
+	struct kvm_stats_desc *stats_desc;
+	struct kvm_stats_header header;
+	struct kvm_stats_desc *desc;
+	size_t size_desc;
+	int stats_fd;
+	int ret = -EINVAL;
+	int i;
+
+	stats_fd = vm_get_stats_fd(vm);
+
+	read_stats_header(stats_fd, &header);
+
+	stats_desc = read_stats_desc(stats_fd, &header);
+
+	size_desc = sizeof(struct kvm_stats_desc) + header.name_size;
+
+	/* Read kvm stats data one by one */
+	for (i = 0; i < header.num_desc; ++i) {
+		desc = (void *)stats_desc + (i * size_desc);
+
+		if (strcmp(desc->name, stat_name))
+			continue;
+
+		ret = read_stat_data(stats_fd, &header, desc, data,
+				     max_elements);
+	}
+
+	free(stats_desc);
+	close(stats_fd);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Read the value of the named stat
+ *
+ * Input Args:
+ *   vm - the VM for which the stat should be read
+ *   stat_name - the name of the stat to read
+ *
+ * Output Args: None
+ *
+ * Return:
+ *   The value of the stat
+ *
+ * Reads the value of the named stat through the binary stat interface. If
+ * the named stat has multiple data elements, only the first will be returned.
+ */
+uint64_t vm_get_stat(struct kvm_vm *vm, const char *stat_name)
+{
+	uint64_t data;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = __vm_get_stat(vm, stat_name, &data, 1);
+	TEST_ASSERT(ret == 1,
+		    "Stat %s expected to have 1 element, but %d returned",
+		    stat_name, ret);
+	return data;
+}
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7f80e48781fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ * tools/testing/selftests/kvm/nx_huge_page_test.c
+ *
+ * Usage: to be run via nx_huge_page_test.sh, which does the necessary
+ * environment setup and teardown
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2022, Google LLC.
+ */
+
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <time.h>
+
+#include <test_util.h>
+#include "kvm_util.h"
+
+#define HPAGE_SLOT		10
+#define HPAGE_GVA		(23*1024*1024)
+#define HPAGE_GPA		(10*1024*1024)
+#define HPAGE_SLOT_NPAGES	(512 * 3)
+#define PAGE_SIZE		4096
+
+/*
+ * x86 opcode for the return instruction. Used to call into, and then
+ * immediately return from, memory backed with hugepages.
+ */
+#define RETURN_OPCODE 0xC3
+
+/*
+ * Exit the VM after each memory access so that the userspace component of the
+ * test can make assertions about the pages backing the VM.
+ */
+void guest_code(void)
+{
+	uint64_t hpage_1 = HPAGE_GVA;
+	uint64_t hpage_2 = hpage_1 + (PAGE_SIZE * 512);
+	uint64_t hpage_3 = hpage_2 + (PAGE_SIZE * 512);
+
+	READ_ONCE(*(uint64_t *)hpage_1);
+	GUEST_SYNC(1);
+
+	READ_ONCE(*(uint64_t *)hpage_2);
+	GUEST_SYNC(2);
+
+	((void (*)(void)) hpage_1)();
+	GUEST_SYNC(3);
+
+	((void (*)(void)) hpage_3)();
+	GUEST_SYNC(4);
+
+	READ_ONCE(*(uint64_t *)hpage_1);
+	GUEST_SYNC(5);
+
+	READ_ONCE(*(uint64_t *)hpage_3);
+	GUEST_SYNC(6);
+}
+
+static void check_2m_page_count(struct kvm_vm *vm, int expected_pages_2m)
+{
+	int actual_pages_2m;
+
+	actual_pages_2m = vm_get_stat(vm, "pages_2m");
+
+	TEST_ASSERT(actual_pages_2m == expected_pages_2m,
+		    "Unexpected 2m page count. Expected %d, got %d",
+		    expected_pages_2m, actual_pages_2m);
+}
+
+static void check_split_count(struct kvm_vm *vm, int expected_splits)
+{
+	int actual_splits;
+
+	actual_splits = vm_get_stat(vm, "nx_lpage_splits");
+
+	TEST_ASSERT(actual_splits == expected_splits,
+		    "Unexpected nx lpage split count. Expected %d, got %d",
+		    expected_splits, actual_splits);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	struct kvm_vm *vm;
+	struct timespec ts;
+	void *hva;
+
+	vm = vm_create_default(0, 0, guest_code);
+
+	vm_userspace_mem_region_add(vm, VM_MEM_SRC_ANONYMOUS_HUGETLB,
+				    HPAGE_GPA, HPAGE_SLOT,
+				    HPAGE_SLOT_NPAGES, 0);
+
+	virt_map(vm, HPAGE_GVA, HPAGE_GPA, HPAGE_SLOT_NPAGES);
+
+	hva = addr_gpa2hva(vm, HPAGE_GPA);
+	memset(hva, RETURN_OPCODE, HPAGE_SLOT_NPAGES * PAGE_SIZE);
+
+	check_2m_page_count(vm, 0);
+	check_split_count(vm, 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * The guest code will first read from the first hugepage, resulting
+	 * in a huge page mapping being created.
+	 */
+	vcpu_run(vm, 0);
+	check_2m_page_count(vm, 1);
+	check_split_count(vm, 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * Then the guest code will read from the second hugepage, resulting
+	 * in another huge page mapping being created.
+	 */
+	vcpu_run(vm, 0);
+	check_2m_page_count(vm, 2);
+	check_split_count(vm, 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * Next, the guest will execute from the first huge page, causing it
+	 * to be remapped at 4k.
+	 */
+	vcpu_run(vm, 0);
+	check_2m_page_count(vm, 1);
+	check_split_count(vm, 1);
+
+	/*
+	 * Executing from the third huge page (previously unaccessed) will
+	 * cause part to be mapped at 4k.
+	 */
+	vcpu_run(vm, 0);
+	check_2m_page_count(vm, 1);
+	check_split_count(vm, 2);
+
+	/* Reading from the first huge page again should have no effect. */
+	vcpu_run(vm, 0);
+	check_2m_page_count(vm, 1);
+	check_split_count(vm, 2);
+
+	/*
+	 * Give recovery thread time to run. The wrapper script sets
+	 * recovery_period_ms to 100, so wait 5x that.
+	 */
+	ts.tv_sec = 0;
+	ts.tv_nsec = 500000000;
+	nanosleep(&ts, NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * Now that the reclaimer has run, all the split pages should be gone.
+	 */
+	check_2m_page_count(vm, 1);
+	check_split_count(vm, 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * The 4k mapping on hpage 3 should have been removed, so check that
+	 * reading from it causes a huge page mapping to be installed.
+	 */
+	vcpu_run(vm, 0);
+	check_2m_page_count(vm, 2);
+	check_split_count(vm, 0);
+
+	kvm_vm_free(vm);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000000..19fc95723fcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
+
+# tools/testing/selftests/kvm/nx_huge_page_test.sh
+# Copyright (C) 2022, Google LLC.
+
+NX_HUGE_PAGES=$(cat /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages)
+NX_HUGE_PAGES_RECOVERY_RATIO=$(cat /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages_recovery_ratio)
+NX_HUGE_PAGES_RECOVERY_PERIOD=$(cat /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages_recovery_period_ms)
+HUGE_PAGES=$(cat /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages)
+
+echo 1 > /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages
+echo 1 > /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages_recovery_ratio
+echo 100 > /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages_recovery_period_ms
+echo 200 > /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages
+
+./nx_huge_pages_test
+RET=$?
+
+echo $NX_HUGE_PAGES > /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages
+echo $NX_HUGE_PAGES_RECOVERY_RATIO > /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages_recovery_ratio
+echo $NX_HUGE_PAGES_RECOVERY_PERIOD > /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages_recovery_period_ms
+echo $HUGE_PAGES > /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages
+
+exit $RET
-- 
2.35.1.1178.g4f1659d476-goog

[PATCH v5 07/10] KVM: x86: Fix errant brace in KVM capability handling

[Ben Gardon]

The braces around the KVM_CAP_XSAVE2 block also surround the
KVM_CAP_PMU_CAPABILITY block, likely the result of a merge issue. Simply
move the curly brace back to where it belongs.

Fixes: ba7bb663f5547 ("KVM: x86: Provide per VM capability for disabling PMU virtualization")
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
index ab336f7c82e4..665c1fa8bb57 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
@@ -4382,10 +4382,10 @@ int kvm_vm_ioctl_check_extension(struct kvm *kvm, long ext)
 		if (r < sizeof(struct kvm_xsave))
 			r = sizeof(struct kvm_xsave);
 		break;
+	}
 	case KVM_CAP_PMU_CAPABILITY:
 		r = enable_pmu ? KVM_CAP_PMU_VALID_MASK : 0;
 		break;
-	}
 	case KVM_CAP_DISABLE_QUIRKS2:
 		r = KVM_X86_VALID_QUIRKS;
 		break;
-- 
2.35.1.1178.g4f1659d476-goog

[PATCH v5 08/10] KVM: x86/MMU: Allow NX huge pages to be disabled on a per-vm basis

[Ben Gardon]

In some cases, the NX hugepage mitigation for iTLB multihit is not
needed for all guests on a host. Allow disabling the mitigation on a
per-VM basis to avoid the performance hit of NX hugepages on trusted
workloads.

In order to disable NX hugepages on a VM, ensure that the userspace
actor has permission to reboot the system. Since disabling NX hugepages
would allow a guest to crash the system, it is similar to reboot
permissions.

Ideally, KVM would require userspace to prove it has access to KVM's
nx_huge_pages module param, e.g. so that userspace can opt out without
needing full reboot permissions.  But getting access to the module param
file info is difficult because it is buried in layers of sysfs and module
glue. Requiring CAP_SYS_BOOT is sufficient for all known use cases.

Suggested-by: Jim Mattson <jmattson@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
---
 Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst  | 13 +++++++++++++
 arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h |  2 ++
 arch/x86/kvm/mmu.h              |  9 +++++----
 arch/x86/kvm/mmu/spte.c         |  7 ++++---
 arch/x86/kvm/mmu/spte.h         |  3 ++-
 arch/x86/kvm/mmu/tdp_mmu.c      |  3 ++-
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c              | 23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
 include/uapi/linux/kvm.h        |  1 +
 8 files changed, 52 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst b/Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst
index 72183ae628f7..021452a9fa91 100644
--- a/Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst
+++ b/Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst
@@ -7855,6 +7855,19 @@ At this time, KVM_PMU_CAP_DISABLE is the only capability.  Setting
 this capability will disable PMU virtualization for that VM.  Usermode
 should adjust CPUID leaf 0xA to reflect that the PMU is disabled.
 
+8.36 KVM_CAP_VM_DISABLE_NX_HUGE_PAGES
+---------------------------
+
+:Capability KVM_CAP_PMU_CAPABILITY
+:Architectures: x86
+:Type: vm
+:Returns 0 on success, -EPERM if the userspace process does not
+	 have CAP_SYS_BOOT
+
+This capability disables the NX huge pages mitigation for iTLB MULTIHIT.
+
+The capability has no effect if the nx_huge_pages module parameter is not set.
+
 9. Known KVM API problems
 =========================
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h
index 2c20f715f009..b8ab4fa7d4b2 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h
@@ -1240,6 +1240,8 @@ struct kvm_arch {
 	hpa_t	hv_root_tdp;
 	spinlock_t hv_root_tdp_lock;
 #endif
+
+	bool disable_nx_huge_pages;
 };
 
 struct kvm_vm_stat {
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/mmu.h b/arch/x86/kvm/mmu.h
index 671cfeccf04e..148f630af78a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/mmu.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/mmu.h
@@ -173,9 +173,10 @@ struct kvm_page_fault {
 int kvm_tdp_page_fault(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_page_fault *fault);
 
 extern int nx_huge_pages;
-static inline bool is_nx_huge_page_enabled(void)
+static inline bool is_nx_huge_page_enabled(struct kvm *kvm)
 {
-	return READ_ONCE(nx_huge_pages);
+	return READ_ONCE(nx_huge_pages) &&
+	       !kvm->arch.disable_nx_huge_pages;
 }
 
 static inline int kvm_mmu_do_page_fault(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gpa_t cr2_or_gpa,
@@ -191,8 +192,8 @@ static inline int kvm_mmu_do_page_fault(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gpa_t cr2_or_gpa,
 		.user = err & PFERR_USER_MASK,
 		.prefetch = prefetch,
 		.is_tdp = likely(vcpu->arch.mmu->page_fault == kvm_tdp_page_fault),
-		.nx_huge_page_workaround_enabled = is_nx_huge_page_enabled(),
-
+		.nx_huge_page_workaround_enabled =
+			is_nx_huge_page_enabled(vcpu->kvm),
 		.max_level = KVM_MAX_HUGEPAGE_LEVEL,
 		.req_level = PG_LEVEL_4K,
 		.goal_level = PG_LEVEL_4K,
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/spte.c b/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/spte.c
index 4739b53c9734..877ad30bc7ad 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/spte.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/spte.c
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ bool make_spte(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_mmu_page *sp,
 		spte |= spte_shadow_accessed_mask(spte);
 
 	if (level > PG_LEVEL_4K && (pte_access & ACC_EXEC_MASK) &&
-	    is_nx_huge_page_enabled()) {
+	    is_nx_huge_page_enabled(vcpu->kvm)) {
 		pte_access &= ~ACC_EXEC_MASK;
 	}
 
@@ -215,7 +215,8 @@ static u64 make_spte_executable(u64 spte)
  * This is used during huge page splitting to build the SPTEs that make up the
  * new page table.
  */
-u64 make_huge_page_split_spte(u64 huge_spte, int huge_level, int index)
+u64 make_huge_page_split_spte(struct kvm *kvm, u64 huge_spte, int huge_level,
+			      int index)
 {
 	u64 child_spte;
 	int child_level;
@@ -243,7 +244,7 @@ u64 make_huge_page_split_spte(u64 huge_spte, int huge_level, int index)
 		 * When splitting to a 4K page, mark the page executable as the
 		 * NX hugepage mitigation no longer applies.
 		 */
-		if (is_nx_huge_page_enabled())
+		if (is_nx_huge_page_enabled(kvm))
 			child_spte = make_spte_executable(child_spte);
 	}
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/spte.h b/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/spte.h
index 73f12615416f..e4142caff4b1 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/spte.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/spte.h
@@ -415,7 +415,8 @@ bool make_spte(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_mmu_page *sp,
 	       unsigned int pte_access, gfn_t gfn, kvm_pfn_t pfn,
 	       u64 old_spte, bool prefetch, bool can_unsync,
 	       bool host_writable, u64 *new_spte);
-u64 make_huge_page_split_spte(u64 huge_spte, int huge_level, int index);
+u64 make_huge_page_split_spte(struct kvm *kvm, u64 huge_spte, int huge_level,
+			      int index);
 u64 make_nonleaf_spte(u64 *child_pt, bool ad_disabled);
 u64 make_mmio_spte(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 gfn, unsigned int access);
 u64 mark_spte_for_access_track(u64 spte);
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/tdp_mmu.c b/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/tdp_mmu.c
index 566548a3efa7..03aa1e0f60e2 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/tdp_mmu.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/tdp_mmu.c
@@ -1469,7 +1469,8 @@ static int tdp_mmu_split_huge_page(struct kvm *kvm, struct tdp_iter *iter,
 	 * not been linked in yet and thus is not reachable from any other CPU.
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < PT64_ENT_PER_PAGE; i++)
-		sp->spt[i] = make_huge_page_split_spte(huge_spte, level, i);
+		sp->spt[i] = make_huge_page_split_spte(kvm, huge_spte,
+						       level, i);
 
 	/*
 	 * Replace the huge spte with a pointer to the populated lower level
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
index 665c1fa8bb57..27631c3b53c2 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
@@ -4286,6 +4286,7 @@ int kvm_vm_ioctl_check_extension(struct kvm *kvm, long ext)
 	case KVM_CAP_SYS_ATTRIBUTES:
 	case KVM_CAP_VAPIC:
 	case KVM_CAP_ENABLE_CAP:
+	case KVM_CAP_VM_DISABLE_NX_HUGE_PAGES:
 		r = 1;
 		break;
 	case KVM_CAP_EXIT_HYPERCALL:
@@ -6079,6 +6080,28 @@ int kvm_vm_ioctl_enable_cap(struct kvm *kvm,
 		}
 		mutex_unlock(&kvm->lock);
 		break;
+	case KVM_CAP_VM_DISABLE_NX_HUGE_PAGES:
+		r = -EINVAL;
+		if (cap->args[0])
+			break;
+
+		/*
+		 * Since the risk of disabling NX hugepages is a guest crashing
+		 * the system, ensure the userspace process has permission to
+		 * reboot the system.
+		 */
+		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_BOOT)) {
+			r = -EPERM;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		mutex_lock(&kvm->lock);
+		if (!kvm->created_vcpus) {
+			kvm->arch.disable_nx_huge_pages = true;
+			r = 0;
+		}
+		mutex_unlock(&kvm->lock);
+		break;
 	default:
 		r = -EINVAL;
 		break;
diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h b/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h
index dd1d8167e71f..7155488164bd 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/kvm.h
@@ -1148,6 +1148,7 @@ struct kvm_ppc_resize_hpt {
 #define KVM_CAP_PMU_CAPABILITY 212
 #define KVM_CAP_DISABLE_QUIRKS2 213
 #define KVM_CAP_VM_TSC_CONTROL 214
+#define KVM_CAP_VM_DISABLE_NX_HUGE_PAGES 215
 
 #ifdef KVM_CAP_IRQ_ROUTING
 
-- 
2.35.1.1178.g4f1659d476-goog

[PATCH v5 09/10] KVM: selftests: Factor out calculation of pages needed for a VM

[Ben Gardon]

Factor out the calculation of the number of pages needed for a VM to
make it easier to separate creating the VM and adding vCPUs.

Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
---
 .../selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h     |  4 ++
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c    | 59 ++++++++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 47 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h
index 001b55ae25f8..1dac3c6607f1 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h
@@ -312,6 +312,10 @@ vm_paddr_t vm_phy_pages_alloc(struct kvm_vm *vm, size_t num,
 			      vm_paddr_t paddr_min, uint32_t memslot);
 vm_paddr_t vm_alloc_page_table(struct kvm_vm *vm);
 
+uint64_t vm_pages_needed(enum vm_guest_mode mode, uint32_t nr_vcpus,
+			 uint64_t slot0_mem_pages, uint64_t extra_mem_pages,
+			 uint32_t num_percpu_pages);
+
 /*
  * Create a VM with reasonable defaults
  *
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
index d332f02370d1..5ffed44ab328 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ struct kvm_vm *vm_create_without_vcpus(enum vm_guest_mode mode, uint64_t pages)
 }
 
 /*
- * VM Create with customized parameters
+ * Get the number of pages needed for a VM
  *
  * Input Args:
  *   mode - VM Mode (e.g. VM_MODE_P52V48_4K)
@@ -385,27 +385,17 @@ struct kvm_vm *vm_create_without_vcpus(enum vm_guest_mode mode, uint64_t pages)
  *   slot0_mem_pages - Slot0 physical memory size
  *   extra_mem_pages - Non-slot0 physical memory total size
  *   num_percpu_pages - Per-cpu physical memory pages
- *   guest_code - Guest entry point
- *   vcpuids - VCPU IDs
  *
  * Output Args: None
  *
  * Return:
- *   Pointer to opaque structure that describes the created VM.
- *
- * Creates a VM with the mode specified by mode (e.g. VM_MODE_P52V48_4K),
- * with customized slot0 memory size, at least 512 pages currently.
- * extra_mem_pages is only used to calculate the maximum page table size,
- * no real memory allocation for non-slot0 memory in this function.
+ *   The number of pages needed for the VM.
  */
-struct kvm_vm *vm_create_with_vcpus(enum vm_guest_mode mode, uint32_t nr_vcpus,
-				    uint64_t slot0_mem_pages, uint64_t extra_mem_pages,
-				    uint32_t num_percpu_pages, void *guest_code,
-				    uint32_t vcpuids[])
+uint64_t vm_pages_needed(enum vm_guest_mode mode, uint32_t nr_vcpus,
+			 uint64_t slot0_mem_pages, uint64_t extra_mem_pages,
+			 uint32_t num_percpu_pages)
 {
 	uint64_t vcpu_pages, extra_pg_pages, pages;
-	struct kvm_vm *vm;
-	int i;
 
 	/* Force slot0 memory size not small than DEFAULT_GUEST_PHY_PAGES */
 	if (slot0_mem_pages < DEFAULT_GUEST_PHY_PAGES)
@@ -421,11 +411,48 @@ struct kvm_vm *vm_create_with_vcpus(enum vm_guest_mode mode, uint32_t nr_vcpus,
 	extra_pg_pages = (slot0_mem_pages + extra_mem_pages + vcpu_pages) / PTES_PER_MIN_PAGE * 2;
 	pages = slot0_mem_pages + vcpu_pages + extra_pg_pages;
 
+	pages = vm_adjust_num_guest_pages(mode, pages);
+
+	return pages;
+}
+
+/*
+ * VM Create with customized parameters
+ *
+ * Input Args:
+ *   mode - VM Mode (e.g. VM_MODE_P52V48_4K)
+ *   nr_vcpus - VCPU count
+ *   slot0_mem_pages - Slot0 physical memory size
+ *   extra_mem_pages - Non-slot0 physical memory total size
+ *   num_percpu_pages - Per-cpu physical memory pages
+ *   guest_code - Guest entry point
+ *   vcpuids - VCPU IDs
+ *
+ * Output Args: None
+ *
+ * Return:
+ *   Pointer to opaque structure that describes the created VM.
+ *
+ * Creates a VM with the mode specified by mode (e.g. VM_MODE_P52V48_4K),
+ * with customized slot0 memory size, at least 512 pages currently.
+ * extra_mem_pages is only used to calculate the maximum page table size,
+ * no real memory allocation for non-slot0 memory in this function.
+ */
+struct kvm_vm *vm_create_with_vcpus(enum vm_guest_mode mode, uint32_t nr_vcpus,
+				    uint64_t slot0_mem_pages, uint64_t extra_mem_pages,
+				    uint32_t num_percpu_pages, void *guest_code,
+				    uint32_t vcpuids[])
+{
+	uint64_t pages;
+	struct kvm_vm *vm;
+	int i;
+
 	TEST_ASSERT(nr_vcpus <= kvm_check_cap(KVM_CAP_MAX_VCPUS),
 		    "nr_vcpus = %d too large for host, max-vcpus = %d",
 		    nr_vcpus, kvm_check_cap(KVM_CAP_MAX_VCPUS));
 
-	pages = vm_adjust_num_guest_pages(mode, pages);
+	pages = vm_pages_needed(mode, nr_vcpus, slot0_mem_pages,
+				extra_mem_pages, num_percpu_pages);
 
 	vm = vm_create_without_vcpus(mode, pages);
 
-- 
2.35.1.1178.g4f1659d476-goog

[PATCH v5 10/10] KVM: selftests: Test disabling NX hugepages on a VM

[Ben Gardon]

Add an argument to the NX huge pages test to test disabling the feature
on a VM using the new capability.

Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
---
 .../selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h     |  2 +
 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c    | 16 ++++-
 .../selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c | 62 +++++++++++++++----
 3 files changed, 68 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h
index 1dac3c6607f1..8f6aad253392 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h
@@ -414,4 +414,6 @@ uint64_t vm_get_stat(struct kvm_vm *vm, const char *stat_name);
 
 uint32_t guest_get_vcpuid(void);
 
+int vm_disable_nx_huge_pages(struct kvm_vm *vm);
+
 #endif /* SELFTEST_KVM_UTIL_BASE_H */
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
index 5ffed44ab328..ef01858745e9 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c
@@ -112,6 +112,11 @@ int vm_check_cap(struct kvm_vm *vm, long cap)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static int __vm_enable_cap(struct kvm_vm *vm, struct kvm_enable_cap *cap)
+{
+	return ioctl(vm->fd, KVM_ENABLE_CAP, cap);
+}
+
 /* VM Enable Capability
  *
  * Input Args:
@@ -128,7 +133,7 @@ int vm_enable_cap(struct kvm_vm *vm, struct kvm_enable_cap *cap)
 {
 	int ret;
 
-	ret = ioctl(vm->fd, KVM_ENABLE_CAP, cap);
+	ret = __vm_enable_cap(vm, cap);
 	TEST_ASSERT(ret == 0, "KVM_ENABLE_CAP IOCTL failed,\n"
 		"  rc: %i errno: %i", ret, errno);
 
@@ -2740,3 +2745,12 @@ uint64_t vm_get_stat(struct kvm_vm *vm, const char *stat_name)
 		    stat_name, ret);
 	return data;
 }
+
+int vm_disable_nx_huge_pages(struct kvm_vm *vm)
+{
+	struct kvm_enable_cap cap = { 0 };
+
+	cap.cap = KVM_CAP_VM_DISABLE_NX_HUGE_PAGES;
+	cap.args[0] = 0;
+	return __vm_enable_cap(vm, &cap);
+}
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c
index 7f80e48781fd..21c31e1d567e 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <time.h>
+#include <linux/reboot.h>
+#include <sys/syscall.h>
 
 #include <test_util.h>
 #include "kvm_util.h"
@@ -80,13 +82,45 @@ static void check_split_count(struct kvm_vm *vm, int expected_splits)
 		    expected_splits, actual_splits);
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+void run_test(bool disable_nx)
 {
 	struct kvm_vm *vm;
 	struct timespec ts;
+	uint64_t pages;
 	void *hva;
-
-	vm = vm_create_default(0, 0, guest_code);
+	int r;
+
+	pages = vm_pages_needed(VM_MODE_DEFAULT, 1, DEFAULT_GUEST_PHY_PAGES,
+				0, 0);
+	vm = vm_create_without_vcpus(VM_MODE_DEFAULT, pages);
+
+	if (disable_nx) {
+		kvm_check_cap(KVM_CAP_VM_DISABLE_NX_HUGE_PAGES);
+
+		/*
+		 * Check if this process has the reboot permissions needed to
+		 * disable NX huge pages on a VM.
+		 *
+		 * The reboot call below will never have any effect because
+		 * the magic values are not set correctly, however the
+		 * permission check is done before the magic value check.
+		 */
+		r = syscall(SYS_reboot, 0, 0, 0, NULL);
+		if (r && errno == EPERM) {
+			r = vm_disable_nx_huge_pages(vm);
+			TEST_ASSERT(r == EPERM,
+				    "This process should not have permission to disable NX huge pages");
+			return;
+		}
+
+		TEST_ASSERT(r && errno == EINVAL,
+			    "Reboot syscall should fail with -EINVAL");
+
+		r = vm_disable_nx_huge_pages(vm);
+		TEST_ASSERT(!r, "Disabling NX huge pages should succeed if process has reboot permissions");
+	}
+
+	vm_vcpu_add_default(vm, 0, guest_code);
 
 	vm_userspace_mem_region_add(vm, VM_MEM_SRC_ANONYMOUS_HUGETLB,
 				    HPAGE_GPA, HPAGE_SLOT,
@@ -121,21 +155,21 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	 * to be remapped at 4k.
 	 */
 	vcpu_run(vm, 0);
-	check_2m_page_count(vm, 1);
-	check_split_count(vm, 1);
+	check_2m_page_count(vm, disable_nx ? 2 : 1);
+	check_split_count(vm, disable_nx ? 0 : 1);
 
 	/*
 	 * Executing from the third huge page (previously unaccessed) will
 	 * cause part to be mapped at 4k.
 	 */
 	vcpu_run(vm, 0);
-	check_2m_page_count(vm, 1);
-	check_split_count(vm, 2);
+	check_2m_page_count(vm, disable_nx ? 3 : 1);
+	check_split_count(vm, disable_nx ? 0 : 2);
 
 	/* Reading from the first huge page again should have no effect. */
 	vcpu_run(vm, 0);
-	check_2m_page_count(vm, 1);
-	check_split_count(vm, 2);
+	check_2m_page_count(vm, disable_nx ? 3 : 1);
+	check_split_count(vm, disable_nx ? 0 : 2);
 
 	/*
 	 * Give recovery thread time to run. The wrapper script sets
@@ -148,7 +182,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	/*
 	 * Now that the reclaimer has run, all the split pages should be gone.
 	 */
-	check_2m_page_count(vm, 1);
+	check_2m_page_count(vm, disable_nx ? 3 : 1);
 	check_split_count(vm, 0);
 
 	/*
@@ -156,10 +190,16 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	 * reading from it causes a huge page mapping to be installed.
 	 */
 	vcpu_run(vm, 0);
-	check_2m_page_count(vm, 2);
+	check_2m_page_count(vm, disable_nx ? 3 : 2);
 	check_split_count(vm, 0);
 
 	kvm_vm_free(vm);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	run_test(false);
+	run_test(true);
 
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
2.35.1.1178.g4f1659d476-goog

Re: [PATCH v5 00/10] KVM: x86: Add a cap to disable NX hugepages on a VM

[David Matlack]

On Wed, Apr 13, 2022 at 10:59 AM Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com> wrote:
>
> Given the high cost of NX hugepages in terms of TLB performance, it may
> be desirable to disable the mitigation on a per-VM basis. In the case of public
> cloud providers with many VMs on a single host, some VMs may be more trusted
> than others. In order to maximize performance on critical VMs, while still
> providing some protection to the host from iTLB Multihit, allow the mitigation
> to be selectively disabled.

For the series:

Reviewed-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>

>
> Disabling NX hugepages on a VM is relatively straightforward, but I took this
> as an opportunity to add some NX hugepages test coverage and clean up selftests
> infrastructure a bit.
>
> This series was tested with the new selftest and the rest of the KVM selftests
> on an Intel Haswell machine.
>
> The following tests failed, but I do not believe that has anything to do with
> this series:
>         userspace_io_test
>         vmx_nested_tsc_scaling_test
>         vmx_preemption_timer_test
>
> Changelog:
> v1->v2:
>         Dropped the complicated memslot refactor in favor of Ricardo Koller's
>         patch with a similar effect.
>         Incorporated David Dunn's feedback and reviewed by tag: shortened waits
>         to speed up test.
> v2->v3:
>         Incorporated a suggestion from David on how to build the NX huge pages
>         test.
>         Fixed a build breakage identified by David.
>         Dropped the per-vm nx_huge_pages field in favor of simply checking the
>         global + per-VM disable override.
>         Documented the new capability
>         Separated out the commit to test disabling NX huge pages
>         Removed permission check when checking if the disable NX capability is
>         supported.
>         Added test coverage for the permission check.
> v3->v4:
>         Collected RB's from Jing and David
>         Modified stat collection to reduce a memory allocation [David]
>         Incorporated various improvments to the NX test [David]
>         Changed the NX disable test to run by default [David]
>         Removed some now unnecessary commits
>         Dropped the code to dump KVM stats from the binary stats test, and
>         factor out parts of the existing test to library functions instead.
>         [David, Jing, Sean]
>         Dropped the improvement to a debugging log message as it's no longer
>         relevant to this series.
> v4->v5:
>         Incorporated cleanup suggestions from David and Sean
>         Added a patch with style fixes for the binary stats test from Sean
>         Added a restriction that NX huge pages can only be disabled before
>         vCPUs are created [Sean]
>
> Ben Gardon (9):
>   KVM: selftests: Remove dynamic memory allocation for stats header
>   KVM: selftests: Read binary stats header in lib
>   KVM: selftests: Read binary stats desc in lib
>   KVM: selftests: Read binary stat data in lib
>   KVM: selftests: Add NX huge pages test
>   KVM: x86: Fix errant brace in KVM capability handling
>   KVM: x86/MMU: Allow NX huge pages to be disabled on a per-vm basis
>   KVM: selftests: Factor out calculation of pages needed for a VM
>   KVM: selftests: Test disabling NX hugepages on a VM
>
> Sean Christopherson (1):
>   KVM: selftests: Clean up coding style in binary stats test
>
>  Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst                |  13 +
>  arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h               |   2 +
>  arch/x86/kvm/mmu.h                            |   9 +-
>  arch/x86/kvm/mmu/spte.c                       |   7 +-
>  arch/x86/kvm/mmu/spte.h                       |   3 +-
>  arch/x86/kvm/mmu/tdp_mmu.c                    |   3 +-
>  arch/x86/kvm/x86.c                            |  25 +-
>  include/uapi/linux/kvm.h                      |   1 +
>  tools/testing/selftests/kvm/Makefile          |  10 +
>  .../selftests/kvm/include/kvm_util_base.h     |  13 +
>  .../selftests/kvm/kvm_binary_stats_test.c     | 142 ++++++-----
>  tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/kvm_util.c    | 232 ++++++++++++++++--
>  .../selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c | 206 ++++++++++++++++
>  .../kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.sh          |  25 ++
>  14 files changed, 597 insertions(+), 94 deletions(-)
>  create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c
>  create mode 100755 tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.sh
>
> --
> 2.35.1.1178.g4f1659d476-goog
>

Re: [PATCH v5 06/10] KVM: selftests: Add NX huge pages test

[Sean Christopherson]

On Wed, Apr 13, 2022, Ben Gardon wrote:
> There's currently no test coverage of NX hugepages in KVM selftests, so
> add a basic test to ensure that the feature works as intended.

...

> diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..7f80e48781fd
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c
> @@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
> +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
> +/*
> + * tools/testing/selftests/kvm/nx_huge_page_test.c
> + *
> + * Usage: to be run via nx_huge_page_test.sh, which does the necessary
> + * environment setup and teardown

It would be really nice if this test could either (a) do something useful without
having to manually set /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages,
or (b) refuse to run unless it's (likely) been invoked by the script.  E.g. maybe
add a magic token that must be passed in?  That way just running the bare test
will provide a helpful skip message, but someone that wants to fiddle with it can
still run it manually.

> +int main(int argc, char **argv)
> +{
> +	struct kvm_vm *vm;
> +	struct timespec ts;
> +	void *hva;

This needs to check if the workaround is actually enabled via module param.  Not
as big a deal if there's a magic number, but it's also not too hard to query a
module param.  Or at least, it shouldn't be, I'm fairly certain that's one of the
things I want to address in the selftests overhaul.

Aha! Actually, IIUC, the patch that validates the per-VM override adds full support
for the module param being turned off.

So, how about pull in the tweaks to the expected number to this patch, and then
the per-VM override test just makes disable_nx a logical OR of the module param
beyond off or the test using the per-VM override.

> diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.sh
> new file mode 100755
> index 000000000000..19fc95723fcb
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.sh
> @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
> +#!/bin/bash
> +# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
> +
> +# tools/testing/selftests/kvm/nx_huge_page_test.sh
> +# Copyright (C) 2022, Google LLC.

This should either check for root or use sudo.

> +NX_HUGE_PAGES=$(cat /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages)
> +NX_HUGE_PAGES_RECOVERY_RATIO=$(cat /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages_recovery_ratio)
> +NX_HUGE_PAGES_RECOVERY_PERIOD=$(cat /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages_recovery_period_ms)
> +HUGE_PAGES=$(cat /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages)
> +
> +echo 1 > /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages
> +echo 1 > /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages_recovery_ratio
> +echo 100 > /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages_recovery_period_ms
> +echo 200 > /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages
> +
> +./nx_huge_pages_test

I would much prefer this find its path and use that to reference the test, e.g. this
fails if invoking the script from anything but the x86_64 subdirectory.  I'd provide
a snippet of how to do that, but my scripting skills are garbage :-)

> +RET=$?
> +
> +echo $NX_HUGE_PAGES > /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages
> +echo $NX_HUGE_PAGES_RECOVERY_RATIO > /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages_recovery_ratio
> +echo $NX_HUGE_PAGES_RECOVERY_PERIOD > /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages_recovery_period_ms
> +echo $HUGE_PAGES > /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages
> +
> +exit $RET
> -- 
> 2.35.1.1178.g4f1659d476-goog
> 

Re: [PATCH v5 10/10] KVM: selftests: Test disabling NX hugepages on a VM

[Sean Christopherson]

On Wed, Apr 13, 2022, Ben Gardon wrote:
> diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c
> index 7f80e48781fd..21c31e1d567e 100644
> --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c
> +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c
> @@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
>  #include <fcntl.h>
>  #include <stdint.h>
>  #include <time.h>
> +#include <linux/reboot.h>
> +#include <sys/syscall.h>
>  
>  #include <test_util.h>
>  #include "kvm_util.h"
> @@ -80,13 +82,45 @@ static void check_split_count(struct kvm_vm *vm, int expected_splits)
>  		    expected_splits, actual_splits);
>  }
>  
> -int main(int argc, char **argv)
> +void run_test(bool disable_nx)

Probably worth naming this disable_nx_workaround or disable_nx_mitigation, it's
quite easy to think this means "disable EFER.NX".

>  {
>  	struct kvm_vm *vm;
>  	struct timespec ts;
> +	uint64_t pages;
>  	void *hva;
> -
> -	vm = vm_create_default(0, 0, guest_code);
> +	int r;
> +
> +	pages = vm_pages_needed(VM_MODE_DEFAULT, 1, DEFAULT_GUEST_PHY_PAGES,
> +				0, 0);
> +	vm = vm_create_without_vcpus(VM_MODE_DEFAULT, pages);
> +
> +	if (disable_nx) {
> +		kvm_check_cap(KVM_CAP_VM_DISABLE_NX_HUGE_PAGES);
> +
> +		/*
> +		 * Check if this process has the reboot permissions needed to
> +		 * disable NX huge pages on a VM.
> +		 *
> +		 * The reboot call below will never have any effect because
> +		 * the magic values are not set correctly, however the
> +		 * permission check is done before the magic value check.
> +		 */
> +		r = syscall(SYS_reboot, 0, 0, 0, NULL);
> +		if (r && errno == EPERM) {
> +			r = vm_disable_nx_huge_pages(vm);
> +			TEST_ASSERT(r == EPERM,
> +				    "This process should not have permission to disable NX huge pages");

First off, huge kudos for negative testing!  But, it's going to provide poor coverage
if we teach everyone to use the runner script, because that'll likely require root on
most hosts, e.g. to futz with the module param.

Aha!  Idea.  And it should eliminate the SYS_reboot shenanigans, which while hilarious,
are mildy scary.

In the runner script, wrap all the modification of sysfs knobs with sudo, and then
(again with sudo) do:

	setcap cap_sys_boot+ep path/to/nx_huge_pages_test
	path/to/nx_huge_pages_test MAGIC_NUMBER -b

where "-b" means "has CAP_SYS_BOOT".  And then 

	setcap cap_sys_boot-ep path/to/nx_huge_pages_test
	path/to/nx_huge_pages_test MAGIC_NUMBER

Hmm, and I guess if the script is run as root, just skip the second invocation.

> +			return;
> +		}
> +
> +		TEST_ASSERT(r && errno == EINVAL,
> +			    "Reboot syscall should fail with -EINVAL");
> +
> +		r = vm_disable_nx_huge_pages(vm);
> +		TEST_ASSERT(!r, "Disabling NX huge pages should succeed if process has reboot permissions");
> +	}
> +
> +	vm_vcpu_add_default(vm, 0, guest_code);
>  
>  	vm_userspace_mem_region_add(vm, VM_MEM_SRC_ANONYMOUS_HUGETLB,
>  				    HPAGE_GPA, HPAGE_SLOT,
> @@ -121,21 +155,21 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
>  	 * to be remapped at 4k.
>  	 */
>  	vcpu_run(vm, 0);
> -	check_2m_page_count(vm, 1);
> -	check_split_count(vm, 1);
> +	check_2m_page_count(vm, disable_nx ? 2 : 1);
> +	check_split_count(vm, disable_nx ? 0 : 1);

Can you update the comments to explain why these magic number of pages are
expected for NX enabled/disabled?  As Jim has pointed out, just because KVM and
selftests might agree that 1==2, doesn't mean that their math is correct :-)

Re: [PATCH v5 08/10] KVM: x86/MMU: Allow NX huge pages to be disabled on a per-vm basis

[Sean Christopherson]

On Wed, Apr 13, 2022, Ben Gardon wrote:
> diff --git a/Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst b/Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst
> index 72183ae628f7..021452a9fa91 100644
> --- a/Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst
> +++ b/Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst
> @@ -7855,6 +7855,19 @@ At this time, KVM_PMU_CAP_DISABLE is the only capability.  Setting
>  this capability will disable PMU virtualization for that VM.  Usermode
>  should adjust CPUID leaf 0xA to reflect that the PMU is disabled.
>  
> +8.36 KVM_CAP_VM_DISABLE_NX_HUGE_PAGES
> +---------------------------
> +
> +:Capability KVM_CAP_PMU_CAPABILITY
> +:Architectures: x86
> +:Type: vm
> +:Returns 0 on success, -EPERM if the userspace process does not
> +	 have CAP_SYS_BOOT

Needs to document the -EINVAL cases, especially the requirement that this be
called before VMs are created.  The 

> +This capability disables the NX huge pages mitigation for iTLB MULTIHIT.
> +
> +The capability has no effect if the nx_huge_pages module parameter is not set.
> +
>  9. Known KVM API problems
>  =========================
>  
> diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h
> index 2c20f715f009..b8ab4fa7d4b2 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h
> +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h
> @@ -1240,6 +1240,8 @@ struct kvm_arch {
>  	hpa_t	hv_root_tdp;
>  	spinlock_t hv_root_tdp_lock;
>  #endif
> +
> +	bool disable_nx_huge_pages;
>  };
>  
>  struct kvm_vm_stat {
> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/mmu.h b/arch/x86/kvm/mmu.h
> index 671cfeccf04e..148f630af78a 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/mmu.h
> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/mmu.h
> @@ -173,9 +173,10 @@ struct kvm_page_fault {
>  int kvm_tdp_page_fault(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_page_fault *fault);
>  
>  extern int nx_huge_pages;
> -static inline bool is_nx_huge_page_enabled(void)
> +static inline bool is_nx_huge_page_enabled(struct kvm *kvm)
>  {
> -	return READ_ONCE(nx_huge_pages);
> +	return READ_ONCE(nx_huge_pages) &&
> +	       !kvm->arch.disable_nx_huge_pages;

No need for a newline, that fits on a single line.

> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/tdp_mmu.c b/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/tdp_mmu.c
> index 566548a3efa7..03aa1e0f60e2 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/tdp_mmu.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/tdp_mmu.c
> @@ -1469,7 +1469,8 @@ static int tdp_mmu_split_huge_page(struct kvm *kvm, struct tdp_iter *iter,
>  	 * not been linked in yet and thus is not reachable from any other CPU.
>  	 */
>  	for (i = 0; i < PT64_ENT_PER_PAGE; i++)
> -		sp->spt[i] = make_huge_page_split_spte(huge_spte, level, i);
> +		sp->spt[i] = make_huge_page_split_spte(kvm, huge_spte,
> +						       level, i);

Just let this poke past 80 chars.

> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
> index 665c1fa8bb57..27631c3b53c2 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
> @@ -4286,6 +4286,7 @@ int kvm_vm_ioctl_check_extension(struct kvm *kvm, long ext)
>  	case KVM_CAP_SYS_ATTRIBUTES:
>  	case KVM_CAP_VAPIC:
>  	case KVM_CAP_ENABLE_CAP:
> +	case KVM_CAP_VM_DISABLE_NX_HUGE_PAGES:
>  		r = 1;
>  		break;
>  	case KVM_CAP_EXIT_HYPERCALL:
> @@ -6079,6 +6080,28 @@ int kvm_vm_ioctl_enable_cap(struct kvm *kvm,
>  		}
>  		mutex_unlock(&kvm->lock);
>  		break;
> +	case KVM_CAP_VM_DISABLE_NX_HUGE_PAGES:
> +		r = -EINVAL;
> +		if (cap->args[0])
> +			break;
> +
> +		/*
> +		 * Since the risk of disabling NX hugepages is a guest crashing
> +		 * the system, ensure the userspace process has permission to
> +		 * reboot the system.

Since I'm nitpicking already and there's also a comment...

Can you call out that, unlike the actual reboot() syscall, the process needs the
capability in the init? namespace (I don't actual know the terminology) because
exposing /dev/kvm into a container doesn't magically limit the iTLB multihit bug
to that container.  I.e. that this _must_ use capable(), not ns_capable().	

Amusingly, someone could subvert the selftest's SYS_reboot heuristic by running
the test in a container :-)

Re: [PATCH v5 06/10] KVM: selftests: Add NX huge pages test

[Ben Gardon]

On Wed, Apr 13, 2022 at 3:35 PM Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> wrote:
>
> On Wed, Apr 13, 2022, Ben Gardon wrote:
> > There's currently no test coverage of NX hugepages in KVM selftests, so
> > add a basic test to ensure that the feature works as intended.
>
> ...
>
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c
> > new file mode 100644
> > index 000000000000..7f80e48781fd
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c
> > @@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
> > +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
> > +/*
> > + * tools/testing/selftests/kvm/nx_huge_page_test.c
> > + *
> > + * Usage: to be run via nx_huge_page_test.sh, which does the necessary
> > + * environment setup and teardown
>
> It would be really nice if this test could either (a) do something useful without
> having to manually set /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages,
> or (b) refuse to run unless it's (likely) been invoked by the script.  E.g. maybe
> add a magic token that must be passed in?  That way just running the bare test
> will provide a helpful skip message, but someone that wants to fiddle with it can
> still run it manually.
>
> > +int main(int argc, char **argv)
> > +{
> > +     struct kvm_vm *vm;
> > +     struct timespec ts;
> > +     void *hva;
>
> This needs to check if the workaround is actually enabled via module param.  Not
> as big a deal if there's a magic number, but it's also not too hard to query a
> module param.  Or at least, it shouldn't be, I'm fairly certain that's one of the
> things I want to address in the selftests overhaul.
>
> Aha! Actually, IIUC, the patch that validates the per-VM override adds full support
> for the module param being turned off.
>
> So, how about pull in the tweaks to the expected number to this patch, and then
> the per-VM override test just makes disable_nx a logical OR of the module param
> beyond off or the test using the per-VM override.
>
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.sh
> > new file mode 100755
> > index 000000000000..19fc95723fcb
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.sh
> > @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
> > +#!/bin/bash
> > +# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
> > +
> > +# tools/testing/selftests/kvm/nx_huge_page_test.sh
> > +# Copyright (C) 2022, Google LLC.
>
> This should either check for root or use sudo.

Is there not any scenario where the below setup commands could work
without root?

>
> > +NX_HUGE_PAGES=$(cat /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages)
> > +NX_HUGE_PAGES_RECOVERY_RATIO=$(cat /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages_recovery_ratio)
> > +NX_HUGE_PAGES_RECOVERY_PERIOD=$(cat /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages_recovery_period_ms)
> > +HUGE_PAGES=$(cat /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages)
> > +
> > +echo 1 > /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages
> > +echo 1 > /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages_recovery_ratio
> > +echo 100 > /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages_recovery_period_ms
> > +echo 200 > /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages
> > +
> > +./nx_huge_pages_test
>
> I would much prefer this find its path and use that to reference the test, e.g. this
> fails if invoking the script from anything but the x86_64 subdirectory.  I'd provide
> a snippet of how to do that, but my scripting skills are garbage :-)
>
> > +RET=$?
> > +
> > +echo $NX_HUGE_PAGES > /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages
> > +echo $NX_HUGE_PAGES_RECOVERY_RATIO > /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages_recovery_ratio
> > +echo $NX_HUGE_PAGES_RECOVERY_PERIOD > /sys/module/kvm/parameters/nx_huge_pages_recovery_period_ms
> > +echo $HUGE_PAGES > /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages
> > +
> > +exit $RET
> > --
> > 2.35.1.1178.g4f1659d476-goog
> >

Re: [PATCH v5 10/10] KVM: selftests: Test disabling NX hugepages on a VM

[Ben Gardon]

On Wed, Apr 13, 2022 at 3:48 PM Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> wrote:
>
> On Wed, Apr 13, 2022, Ben Gardon wrote:
> > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c
> > index 7f80e48781fd..21c31e1d567e 100644
> > --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c
> > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.c
> > @@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
> >  #include <fcntl.h>
> >  #include <stdint.h>
> >  #include <time.h>
> > +#include <linux/reboot.h>
> > +#include <sys/syscall.h>
> >
> >  #include <test_util.h>
> >  #include "kvm_util.h"
> > @@ -80,13 +82,45 @@ static void check_split_count(struct kvm_vm *vm, int expected_splits)
> >                   expected_splits, actual_splits);
> >  }
> >
> > -int main(int argc, char **argv)
> > +void run_test(bool disable_nx)
>
> Probably worth naming this disable_nx_workaround or disable_nx_mitigation, it's
> quite easy to think this means "disable EFER.NX".
>
> >  {
> >       struct kvm_vm *vm;
> >       struct timespec ts;
> > +     uint64_t pages;
> >       void *hva;
> > -
> > -     vm = vm_create_default(0, 0, guest_code);
> > +     int r;
> > +
> > +     pages = vm_pages_needed(VM_MODE_DEFAULT, 1, DEFAULT_GUEST_PHY_PAGES,
> > +                             0, 0);
> > +     vm = vm_create_without_vcpus(VM_MODE_DEFAULT, pages);
> > +
> > +     if (disable_nx) {
> > +             kvm_check_cap(KVM_CAP_VM_DISABLE_NX_HUGE_PAGES);
> > +
> > +             /*
> > +              * Check if this process has the reboot permissions needed to
> > +              * disable NX huge pages on a VM.
> > +              *
> > +              * The reboot call below will never have any effect because
> > +              * the magic values are not set correctly, however the
> > +              * permission check is done before the magic value check.
> > +              */
> > +             r = syscall(SYS_reboot, 0, 0, 0, NULL);
> > +             if (r && errno == EPERM) {
> > +                     r = vm_disable_nx_huge_pages(vm);
> > +                     TEST_ASSERT(r == EPERM,
> > +                                 "This process should not have permission to disable NX huge pages");
>
> First off, huge kudos for negative testing!  But, it's going to provide poor coverage
> if we teach everyone to use the runner script, because that'll likely require root on
> most hosts, e.g. to futz with the module param.
>
> Aha!  Idea.  And it should eliminate the SYS_reboot shenanigans, which while hilarious,
> are mildy scary.
>
> In the runner script, wrap all the modification of sysfs knobs with sudo, and then
> (again with sudo) do:
>
>         setcap cap_sys_boot+ep path/to/nx_huge_pages_test
>         path/to/nx_huge_pages_test MAGIC_NUMBER -b
>
> where "-b" means "has CAP_SYS_BOOT".  And then
>
>         setcap cap_sys_boot-ep path/to/nx_huge_pages_test
>         path/to/nx_huge_pages_test MAGIC_NUMBER
>
> Hmm, and I guess if the script is run as root, just skip the second invocation.

Wouldn't it be easier to just run the test binary twice and just have
the second time run without root permissions? I don't know if there's
an easy way to do that.

>
> > +                     return;
> > +             }
> > +
> > +             TEST_ASSERT(r && errno == EINVAL,
> > +                         "Reboot syscall should fail with -EINVAL");
> > +
> > +             r = vm_disable_nx_huge_pages(vm);
> > +             TEST_ASSERT(!r, "Disabling NX huge pages should succeed if process has reboot permissions");
> > +     }
> > +
> > +     vm_vcpu_add_default(vm, 0, guest_code);
> >
> >       vm_userspace_mem_region_add(vm, VM_MEM_SRC_ANONYMOUS_HUGETLB,
> >                                   HPAGE_GPA, HPAGE_SLOT,
> > @@ -121,21 +155,21 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
> >        * to be remapped at 4k.
> >        */
> >       vcpu_run(vm, 0);
> > -     check_2m_page_count(vm, 1);
> > -     check_split_count(vm, 1);
> > +     check_2m_page_count(vm, disable_nx ? 2 : 1);
> > +     check_split_count(vm, disable_nx ? 0 : 1);
>
> Can you update the comments to explain why these magic number of pages are
> expected for NX enabled/disabled?  As Jim has pointed out, just because KVM and
> selftests might agree that 1==2, doesn't mean that their math is correct :-)

Re: [PATCH v5 06/10] KVM: selftests: Add NX huge pages test

[Sean Christopherson]

On Thu, Apr 14, 2022, Ben Gardon wrote:
> On Wed, Apr 13, 2022 at 3:35 PM Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> wrote:
> > > diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.sh
> > > new file mode 100755
> > > index 000000000000..19fc95723fcb
> > > --- /dev/null
> > > +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/x86_64/nx_huge_pages_test.sh
> > > @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
> > > +#!/bin/bash
> > > +# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
> > > +
> > > +# tools/testing/selftests/kvm/nx_huge_page_test.sh
> > > +# Copyright (C) 2022, Google LLC.
> >
> > This should either check for root or use sudo.
> 
> Is there not any scenario where the below setup commands could work
> without root?

Technically, yes, someone could be running the test as a non-root user with
the necessary permissions.  Practically speaking, I would be surprised if anyone
configures module params in that way.

That said, there's certainly no harm in using sudo as a fall back.

Re: [PATCH v5 10/10] KVM: selftests: Test disabling NX hugepages on a VM

[Sean Christopherson]

On Thu, Apr 14, 2022, Ben Gardon wrote:
> On Wed, Apr 13, 2022 at 3:48 PM Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> wrote:
> > First off, huge kudos for negative testing!  But, it's going to provide poor coverage
> > if we teach everyone to use the runner script, because that'll likely require root on
> > most hosts, e.g. to futz with the module param.
> >
> > Aha!  Idea.  And it should eliminate the SYS_reboot shenanigans, which while hilarious,
> > are mildy scary.
> >
> > In the runner script, wrap all the modification of sysfs knobs with sudo, and then
> > (again with sudo) do:
> >
> >         setcap cap_sys_boot+ep path/to/nx_huge_pages_test
> >         path/to/nx_huge_pages_test MAGIC_NUMBER -b
> >
> > where "-b" means "has CAP_SYS_BOOT".  And then
> >
> >         setcap cap_sys_boot-ep path/to/nx_huge_pages_test
> >         path/to/nx_huge_pages_test MAGIC_NUMBER
> >
> > Hmm, and I guess if the script is run as root, just skip the second invocation.
> 
> Wouldn't it be easier to just run the test binary twice and just have
> the second time run without root permissions? I don't know if there's
> an easy way to do that.

I don't think so, e.g. what if there is no other user account to switch to?  On
the other hand, I doubt I'm the only person that typically runs selftests with a
user account.

Using setcap isn't hard, e.g.

	# If the test isn't running as root, verify KVM correctly rejects the
	# per-VM override if the process doesn't have CAP_SYS_BOOT.
	if [[ $(id -u) -ne 0 ]]; then
		sudo setcap cap_sys_boot-ep path/to/nx_huge_pages_test
		path/to/nx_huge_pages_test MAGIC_NUMBER

		sudo setcap cap_sys_boot+ep path/to/nx_huge_pages_test
	fi

	# The test now has CAP_SYS_BOOT, or is running as root.
	path/to/nx_huge_pages_test MAGIC_NUMBER -b

Bonus points if you want to save/restore the capability.