[PATCH v4] sock: add tracepoint for send recv length

[PATCH v4] sock: add tracepoint for send recv length

[Yunhui Cui]

Add 2 tracepoints to monitor the tcp/udp traffic
of per process and per cgroup.

Regarding monitoring the tcp/udp traffic of each process, there are two
existing solutions, the first one is https://www.atoptool.nl/netatop.php.
The second is via kprobe/kretprobe.

Netatop solution is implemented by registering the hook function at the
hook point provided by the netfilter framework.

These hook functions may be in the soft interrupt context and cannot
directly obtain the pid. Some data structures are added to bind packets
and processes. For example, struct taskinfobucket, struct taskinfo ...

Every time the process sends and receives packets it needs multiple
hashmaps,resulting in low performance and it has the problem fo inaccurate
tcp/udp traffic statistics(for example: multiple threads share sockets).

We can obtain the information with kretprobe, but as we know, kprobe gets
the result by trappig in an exception, which loses performance compared
to tracepoint.

We compared the performance of tracepoints with the above two methods, and
the results are as follows:

ab -n 1000000 -c 1000 -r http://127.0.0.1/index.html
without trace:
Time per request: 39.660 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 0.040 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)

netatop:
Time per request: 50.717 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 0.051 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)

kr:
Time per request: 43.168 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 0.043 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)

tracepoint:
Time per request: 41.004 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 0.041 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests

It can be seen that tracepoint has better performance.

Signed-off-by: Yunhui Cui <cuiyunhui@bytedance.com>
Signed-off-by: Xiongchun Duan <duanxiongchun@bytedance.com>
---
 include/trace/events/sock.h | 48 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 net/socket.c                | 23 ++++++++++++++----
 2 files changed, 67 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/trace/events/sock.h b/include/trace/events/sock.h
index 777ee6cbe933..d00a5b272404 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/sock.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/sock.h
@@ -263,6 +263,54 @@ TRACE_EVENT(inet_sk_error_report,
 		  __entry->error)
 );
 
+/*
+ * sock send/recv msg length
+ */
+DECLARE_EVENT_CLASS(sock_msg_length,
+
+	TP_PROTO(struct sock *sk, __u16 family, __u16 protocol, int ret,
+		 int flags),
+
+	TP_ARGS(sk, family, protocol, ret, flags),
+
+	TP_STRUCT__entry(
+		__field(void *, sk)
+		__field(__u16, family)
+		__field(__u16, protocol)
+		__field(int, length)
+		__field(int, error)
+		__field(int, flags)
+	),
+
+	TP_fast_assign(
+		__entry->sk = sk;
+		__entry->family = sk->sk_family;
+		__entry->protocol = sk->sk_protocol;
+		__entry->length = ret > 0 ? ret : 0;
+		__entry->error = ret < 0 ? ret : 0;
+		__entry->flags = flags;
+	),
+
+	TP_printk("sk address = %p, family = %s protocol = %s, length = %d, error = %d, flags = 0x%x",
+		  __entry->sk, show_family_name(__entry->family),
+		  show_inet_protocol_name(__entry->protocol),
+		  __entry->length,
+		  __entry->error, __entry->flags)
+);
+
+DEFINE_EVENT(sock_msg_length, sock_send_length,
+	TP_PROTO(struct sock *sk, __u16 family, __u16 protocol, int ret,
+		 int flags),
+
+	TP_ARGS(sk, family, protocol, ret, flags)
+);
+
+DEFINE_EVENT(sock_msg_length, sock_recv_length,
+	TP_PROTO(struct sock *sk, __u16 family, __u16 protocol, int ret,
+		 int flags),
+
+	TP_ARGS(sk, family, protocol, ret, flags)
+);
 #endif /* _TRACE_SOCK_H */
 
 /* This part must be outside protection */
diff --git a/net/socket.c b/net/socket.c
index 888cd618a968..60a1ff95b4b1 100644
--- a/net/socket.c
+++ b/net/socket.c
@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@
 #include <net/busy_poll.h>
 #include <linux/errqueue.h>
 #include <linux/ptp_clock_kernel.h>
+#include <trace/events/sock.h>
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_NET_RX_BUSY_POLL
 unsigned int sysctl_net_busy_read __read_mostly;
@@ -715,6 +716,9 @@ static inline int sock_sendmsg_nosec(struct socket *sock, struct msghdr *msg)
 				     inet_sendmsg, sock, msg,
 				     msg_data_left(msg));
 	BUG_ON(ret == -EIOCBQUEUED);
+
+	trace_sock_send_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
+			       sock->sk->sk_protocol, ret, 0);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -992,9 +996,15 @@ INDIRECT_CALLABLE_DECLARE(int inet6_recvmsg(struct socket *, struct msghdr *,
 static inline int sock_recvmsg_nosec(struct socket *sock, struct msghdr *msg,
 				     int flags)
 {
-	return INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->recvmsg, inet6_recvmsg,
-				  inet_recvmsg, sock, msg, msg_data_left(msg),
-				  flags);
+	int ret = INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->recvmsg, inet6_recvmsg,
+				     inet_recvmsg, sock, msg,
+				     msg_data_left(msg), flags);
+
+	trace_sock_recv_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
+			       sock->sk->sk_protocol,
+			       !(flags & MSG_PEEK) ? ret :
+			       (ret < 0 ? ret : 0), flags);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -1044,6 +1054,7 @@ static ssize_t sock_sendpage(struct file *file, struct page *page,
 {
 	struct socket *sock;
 	int flags;
+	int ret;
 
 	sock = file->private_data;
 
@@ -1051,7 +1062,11 @@ static ssize_t sock_sendpage(struct file *file, struct page *page,
 	/* more is a combination of MSG_MORE and MSG_SENDPAGE_NOTLAST */
 	flags |= more;
 
-	return kernel_sendpage(sock, page, offset, size, flags);
+	ret = kernel_sendpage(sock, page, offset, size, flags);
+
+	trace_sock_send_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
+			       sock->sk->sk_protocol, ret, 0);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static ssize_t sock_splice_read(struct file *file, loff_t *ppos,
-- 
2.20.1

Re: [PATCH v4] sock: add tracepoint for send recv length

[Eric Dumazet]

On Sun, Jan 8, 2023 at 3:56 AM Yunhui Cui <cuiyunhui@bytedance.com> wrote:
>
> Add 2 tracepoints to monitor the tcp/udp traffic
> of per process and per cgroup.
>
> Regarding monitoring the tcp/udp traffic of each process, there are two
> existing solutions, the first one is https://www.atoptool.nl/netatop.php.
> The second is via kprobe/kretprobe.
>
> Netatop solution is implemented by registering the hook function at the
> hook point provided by the netfilter framework.
>
> These hook functions may be in the soft interrupt context and cannot
> directly obtain the pid. Some data structures are added to bind packets
> and processes. For example, struct taskinfobucket, struct taskinfo ...
>
> Every time the process sends and receives packets it needs multiple
> hashmaps,resulting in low performance and it has the problem fo inaccurate
> tcp/udp traffic statistics(for example: multiple threads share sockets).
>
> We can obtain the information with kretprobe, but as we know, kprobe gets
> the result by trappig in an exception, which loses performance compared
> to tracepoint.
>
> We compared the performance of tracepoints with the above two methods, and
> the results are as follows:
>
> ab -n 1000000 -c 1000 -r http://127.0.0.1/index.html
> without trace:
> Time per request: 39.660 [ms] (mean)
> Time per request: 0.040 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
>
> netatop:
> Time per request: 50.717 [ms] (mean)
> Time per request: 0.051 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
>
> kr:
> Time per request: 43.168 [ms] (mean)
> Time per request: 0.043 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
>
> tracepoint:
> Time per request: 41.004 [ms] (mean)
> Time per request: 0.041 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests
>
> It can be seen that tracepoint has better performance.
>
> Signed-off-by: Yunhui Cui <cuiyunhui@bytedance.com>
> Signed-off-by: Xiongchun Duan <duanxiongchun@bytedance.com>
> ---
>  include/trace/events/sock.h | 48 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  net/socket.c                | 23 ++++++++++++++----
>  2 files changed, 67 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/include/trace/events/sock.h b/include/trace/events/sock.h
> index 777ee6cbe933..d00a5b272404 100644
> --- a/include/trace/events/sock.h
> +++ b/include/trace/events/sock.h
> @@ -263,6 +263,54 @@ TRACE_EVENT(inet_sk_error_report,
>                   __entry->error)
>  );
>
> +/*
> + * sock send/recv msg length
> + */
> +DECLARE_EVENT_CLASS(sock_msg_length,
> +
> +       TP_PROTO(struct sock *sk, __u16 family, __u16 protocol, int ret,
> +                int flags),
> +
> +       TP_ARGS(sk, family, protocol, ret, flags),
> +
> +       TP_STRUCT__entry(
> +               __field(void *, sk)
> +               __field(__u16, family)
> +               __field(__u16, protocol)
> +               __field(int, length)
> +               __field(int, error)
> +               __field(int, flags)
> +       ),
> +
> +       TP_fast_assign(
> +               __entry->sk = sk;
> +               __entry->family = sk->sk_family;
> +               __entry->protocol = sk->sk_protocol;
> +               __entry->length = ret > 0 ? ret : 0;
> +               __entry->error = ret < 0 ? ret : 0;
> +               __entry->flags = flags;
> +       ),
> +
> +       TP_printk("sk address = %p, family = %s protocol = %s, length = %d, error = %d, flags = 0x%x",
> +                 __entry->sk, show_family_name(__entry->family),
> +                 show_inet_protocol_name(__entry->protocol),
> +                 __entry->length,
> +                 __entry->error, __entry->flags)
> +);
> +
> +DEFINE_EVENT(sock_msg_length, sock_send_length,
> +       TP_PROTO(struct sock *sk, __u16 family, __u16 protocol, int ret,
> +                int flags),
> +
> +       TP_ARGS(sk, family, protocol, ret, flags)
> +);
> +
> +DEFINE_EVENT(sock_msg_length, sock_recv_length,
> +       TP_PROTO(struct sock *sk, __u16 family, __u16 protocol, int ret,
> +                int flags),
> +
> +       TP_ARGS(sk, family, protocol, ret, flags)
> +);
>  #endif /* _TRACE_SOCK_H */
>
>  /* This part must be outside protection */
> diff --git a/net/socket.c b/net/socket.c
> index 888cd618a968..60a1ff95b4b1 100644
> --- a/net/socket.c
> +++ b/net/socket.c
> @@ -106,6 +106,7 @@
>  #include <net/busy_poll.h>
>  #include <linux/errqueue.h>
>  #include <linux/ptp_clock_kernel.h>
> +#include <trace/events/sock.h>
>
>  #ifdef CONFIG_NET_RX_BUSY_POLL
>  unsigned int sysctl_net_busy_read __read_mostly;
> @@ -715,6 +716,9 @@ static inline int sock_sendmsg_nosec(struct socket *sock, struct msghdr *msg)
>                                      inet_sendmsg, sock, msg,
>                                      msg_data_left(msg));
>         BUG_ON(ret == -EIOCBQUEUED);
> +
> +       trace_sock_send_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
> +                              sock->sk->sk_protocol, ret, 0);

Note: At least for CONFIG_RETPOLINE=y and gcc 12.2, compiler adds many
additional instructions (and additional memory reads),
even when the trace point is not enabled.

Contrary to some belief, adding a tracepoint is not always 'free'.
tail calls for example are replaced with normal calls.

sock_recvmsg_nosec:
        pushq   %r12    #
        movl    %edx, %r12d     # tmp123, flags
        pushq   %rbp    #
# net/socket.c:999:     int ret =
INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->recvmsg, inet6_recvmsg,
        movl    %r12d, %ecx     # flags,
# net/socket.c:998: {
        movq    %rdi, %rbp      # tmp121, sock
        pushq   %rbx    #
# net/socket.c:999:     int ret =
INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->recvmsg, inet6_recvmsg,
        movq    32(%rdi), %rax  # sock_19(D)->ops, sock_19(D)->ops
# ./include/linux/uio.h:270:    return i->count;
        movq    32(%rsi), %rdx  # MEM[(const struct iov_iter
*)msg_20(D) + 16B].count, pretmp_48
# net/socket.c:999:     int ret =
INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->recvmsg, inet6_recvmsg,
        movq    144(%rax), %rax # _1->recvmsg, _2
        cmpq    $inet6_recvmsg, %rax    #, _2
        jne     .L107   #,
        call    inet6_recvmsg   #
        movl    %eax, %ebx      # tmp124, <retval>
.L108:
# net/socket.c:1003:    trace_sock_recv_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
        xorl    %r8d, %r8d      # tmp127
        testl   %ebx, %ebx      # <retval>
# net/socket.c:1004:                           sock->sk->sk_protocol,
        movq    24(%rbp), %rsi  # sock_19(D)->sk, _10
# net/socket.c:1003:    trace_sock_recv_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
        cmovle  %ebx, %r8d      # <retval>,, tmp119
        testb   $2, %r12b       #, flags
# net/socket.c:1004:                           sock->sk->sk_protocol,
        movzwl  516(%rsi), %ecx # _10->sk_protocol,
# net/socket.c:1003:    trace_sock_recv_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
        movzwl  16(%rsi), %edx  # _10->__sk_common.skc_family,
# net/socket.c:1003:    trace_sock_recv_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
        cmove   %ebx, %r8d      # tmp119,, <retval>, iftmp.54_16
# ./arch/x86/include/asm/jump_label.h:27:       asm_volatile_goto("1:"
#APP
# 27 "./arch/x86/include/asm/jump_label.h" 1
        1:jmp .L111 # objtool NOPs this         #
        .pushsection __jump_table,  "aw"
         .balign 8
        .long 1b - .
        .long .L111 - .         #
         .quad __tracepoint_sock_recv_length+8 + 2 - .  #,
        .popsection

# 0 "" 2
#NO_APP
.L106:
# net/socket.c:1008: }
        movl    %ebx, %eax      # <retval>,
        popq    %rbx    #
        popq    %rbp    #
        popq    %r12    #
        ret
.L111:
# ./include/trace/events/sock.h:308: DEFINE_EVENT(sock_msg_length,
sock_recv_length,


>         return ret;
>  }
>
> @@ -992,9 +996,15 @@ INDIRECT_CALLABLE_DECLARE(int inet6_recvmsg(struct socket *, struct msghdr *,
>  static inline int sock_recvmsg_nosec(struct socket *sock, struct msghdr *msg,
>                                      int flags)
>  {
> -       return INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->recvmsg, inet6_recvmsg,
> -                                 inet_recvmsg, sock, msg, msg_data_left(msg),
> -                                 flags);
> +       int ret = INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->recvmsg, inet6_recvmsg,
> +                                    inet_recvmsg, sock, msg,
> +                                    msg_data_left(msg), flags);
> +
> +       trace_sock_recv_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
> +                              sock->sk->sk_protocol,
> +                              !(flags & MSG_PEEK) ? ret :
> +                              (ret < 0 ? ret : 0), flags);
> +       return ret;
>  }
>
>  /**
> @@ -1044,6 +1054,7 @@ static ssize_t sock_sendpage(struct file *file, struct page *page,
>  {
>         struct socket *sock;
>         int flags;
> +       int ret;
>
>         sock = file->private_data;
>
> @@ -1051,7 +1062,11 @@ static ssize_t sock_sendpage(struct file *file, struct page *page,
>         /* more is a combination of MSG_MORE and MSG_SENDPAGE_NOTLAST */
>         flags |= more;
>
> -       return kernel_sendpage(sock, page, offset, size, flags);
> +       ret = kernel_sendpage(sock, page, offset, size, flags);
> +
> +       trace_sock_send_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
> +                              sock->sk->sk_protocol, ret, 0);
> +       return ret;
>  }
>
>  static ssize_t sock_splice_read(struct file *file, loff_t *ppos,
> --
> 2.20.1
>

Re: [External] Re: [PATCH v4] sock: add tracepoint for send recv length

[运辉崔]

On Mon, Jan 9, 2023 at 5:56 PM Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> wrote:

>
> Note: At least for CONFIG_RETPOLINE=y and gcc 12.2, compiler adds many
> additional instructions (and additional memory reads),
> even when the trace point is not enabled.
>
> Contrary to some belief, adding a tracepoint is not always 'free'.
> tail calls for example are replaced with normal calls.
>


>         .popsection
>
> # 0 "" 2
> #NO_APP
> .L106:
> # net/socket.c:1008: }
>         movl    %ebx, %eax      # <retval>,
>         popq    %rbx    #
>         popq    %rbp    #
>         popq    %r12    #
>         ret
> .L111:
> # ./include/trace/events/sock.h:308: DEFINE_EVENT(sock_msg_length,
> sock_recv_length,
>

Hi Eric,  Thanks for your reply,  In fact, it is because the
definition of the tracepoint function is inline,
Not just these two tracepoints，right?

#define __DECLARE_TRACE(name, proto, args, cond, data_proto)            \
      ...
      static inline void trace_##name(proto)

Regarding the above issue, I plan to optimize it like this:

static noinline void call_trace_sock_send_length(struct sock *sk, __u16 family,
                                            __u16 protocol, int ret, int flags)
{
        trace_sock_send_length(sk, family, protocol, ret, 0);
}

static inline int sock_sendmsg_nosec(struct socket *sock, struct msghdr *msg)
{
        int ret = INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->sendmsg, inet6_sendmsg,
                                     inet_sendmsg, sock, msg,
                                     msg_data_left(msg));
        BUG_ON(ret == -EIOCBQUEUED);

        if (trace_sock_send_length_enabled()) {
                call_trace_sock_send_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
                                            sock->sk->sk_protocol, ret, 0);
        }
        return ret;
}

What do you think?

Thanks,
Yunhui

Re: [External] Re: [PATCH v4] sock: add tracepoint for send recv length

[Eric Dumazet]

On Mon, Jan 9, 2023 at 2:13 PM 运辉崔 <cuiyunhui@bytedance.com> wrote:
>
> On Mon, Jan 9, 2023 at 5:56 PM Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> wrote:
>
> >
> > Note: At least for CONFIG_RETPOLINE=y and gcc 12.2, compiler adds many
> > additional instructions (and additional memory reads),
> > even when the trace point is not enabled.
> >
> > Contrary to some belief, adding a tracepoint is not always 'free'.
> > tail calls for example are replaced with normal calls.
> >
>
>
> >         .popsection
> >
> > # 0 "" 2
> > #NO_APP
> > .L106:
> > # net/socket.c:1008: }
> >         movl    %ebx, %eax      # <retval>,
> >         popq    %rbx    #
> >         popq    %rbp    #
> >         popq    %r12    #
> >         ret
> > .L111:
> > # ./include/trace/events/sock.h:308: DEFINE_EVENT(sock_msg_length,
> > sock_recv_length,
> >
>
> Hi Eric,  Thanks for your reply,  In fact, it is because the
> definition of the tracepoint function is inline,
> Not just these two tracepoints，right?
>
> #define __DECLARE_TRACE(name, proto, args, cond, data_proto)            \
>       ...
>       static inline void trace_##name(proto)
>
> Regarding the above issue, I plan to optimize it like this:
>
> static noinline void call_trace_sock_send_length(struct sock *sk, __u16 family,
>                                             __u16 protocol, int ret, int flags)
> {
>         trace_sock_send_length(sk, family, protocol, ret, 0);
> }
>
> static inline int sock_sendmsg_nosec(struct socket *sock, struct msghdr *msg)
> {
>         int ret = INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->sendmsg, inet6_sendmsg,
>                                      inet_sendmsg, sock, msg,
>                                      msg_data_left(msg));
>         BUG_ON(ret == -EIOCBQUEUED);
>
>         if (trace_sock_send_length_enabled()) {

A barrier() is needed here, with the current state of affairs.

IMO, ftrace/x86 experts should take care of this generic issue ?



>                 call_trace_sock_send_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
>                                             sock->sk->sk_protocol, ret, 0);
>         }
>         return ret;
> }
>
> What do you think?
>
> Thanks,
> Yunhui

Re: [External] Re: [PATCH v4] sock: add tracepoint for send recv length

[Steven Rostedt]

On Mon, 9 Jan 2023 15:54:38 +0100
Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> wrote:

> > static inline int sock_sendmsg_nosec(struct socket *sock, struct msghdr *msg)
> > {
> >         int ret = INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->sendmsg, inet6_sendmsg,
> >                                      inet_sendmsg, sock, msg,
> >                                      msg_data_left(msg));
> >         BUG_ON(ret == -EIOCBQUEUED);
> >
> >         if (trace_sock_send_length_enabled()) {  
> 
> A barrier() is needed here, with the current state of affairs.
> 
> IMO, ftrace/x86 experts should take care of this generic issue ?

trace_*_enabled() is a static_branch() (aka. jump label).

It's a nop, where the if block is in the out-of-line code and skipped. When
the tracepoint is enabled, it gets turned into a jump to the if block
(which returns back to this location).

That is, when the tracepoint in the block gets enabled so does the above
branch. Sure, there could be a race between the two being enabled, but I
don't see any issue if there is. But the process to modify the jump labels,
does a bunch of synchronization between the CPUs.

What barrier are you expecting?

-- Steve

> 
> 
> 
> >                 call_trace_sock_send_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
> >                                             sock->sk->sk_protocol, ret, 0);
> >         }
> >         return ret;
> > }
> >
> > What do you think?

Re: [External] Re: [PATCH v4] sock: add tracepoint for send recv length

[Eric Dumazet]

On Mon, Jan 9, 2023 at 4:08 PM Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> wrote:
>
> On Mon, 9 Jan 2023 15:54:38 +0100
> Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> wrote:
>
> > > static inline int sock_sendmsg_nosec(struct socket *sock, struct msghdr *msg)
> > > {
> > >         int ret = INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->sendmsg, inet6_sendmsg,
> > >                                      inet_sendmsg, sock, msg,
> > >                                      msg_data_left(msg));
> > >         BUG_ON(ret == -EIOCBQUEUED);
> > >
> > >         if (trace_sock_send_length_enabled()) {
> >
> > A barrier() is needed here, with the current state of affairs.
> >
> > IMO, ftrace/x86 experts should take care of this generic issue ?
>
> trace_*_enabled() is a static_branch() (aka. jump label).
>
> It's a nop, where the if block is in the out-of-line code and skipped. When
> the tracepoint is enabled, it gets turned into a jump to the if block
> (which returns back to this location).
>

This is not a nop, as shown in the generated assembly, I copied in
this thread earlier.

Compiler does all sorts of things before the point the static branch
is looked at.

Let's add the extract again with <<*>> tags on added instructions/dereferences.


sock_recvmsg_nosec:
        pushq   %r12    #
        movl    %edx, %r12d     # tmp123, flags
        pushq   %rbp    #
# net/socket.c:999:     int ret =
INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->recvmsg, inet6_recvmsg,
        movl    %r12d, %ecx     # flags,
# net/socket.c:998: {
        movq    %rdi, %rbp      # tmp121, sock
        pushq   %rbx    #
# net/socket.c:999:     int ret =
INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->recvmsg, inet6_recvmsg,
        movq    32(%rdi), %rax  # sock_19(D)->ops, sock_19(D)->ops
# ./include/linux/uio.h:270:    return i->count;
        movq    32(%rsi), %rdx  # MEM[(const struct iov_iter
*)msg_20(D) + 16B].count, pretmp_48
# net/socket.c:999:     int ret =
INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->recvmsg, inet6_recvmsg,
        movq    144(%rax), %rax # _1->recvmsg, _2
        cmpq    $inet6_recvmsg, %rax    #, _2
        jne     .L107   #,
        call    inet6_recvmsg   #
 <<*>>       movl    %eax, %ebx      # tmp124, <retval>
.L108:
# net/socket.c:1003:    trace_sock_recv_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
  <<*>>      xorl    %r8d, %r8d      # tmp127
   <<*>>     testl   %ebx, %ebx      # <retval>
# net/socket.c:1004:                           sock->sk->sk_protocol,
 <<*>>       movq    24(%rbp), %rsi  # sock_19(D)->sk, _10
# net/socket.c:1003:    trace_sock_recv_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
 <<*>>       cmovle  %ebx, %r8d      # <retval>,, tmp119
  <<*>>      testb   $2, %r12b       #, flags
# net/socket.c:1004:                           sock->sk->sk_protocol,
  <<*>>      movzwl  516(%rsi), %ecx # _10->sk_protocol,
# net/socket.c:1003:    trace_sock_recv_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
  <<*>>      movzwl  16(%rsi), %edx  # _10->__sk_common.skc_family,
# net/socket.c:1003:    trace_sock_recv_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
  <<*>>      cmove   %ebx, %r8d      # tmp119,, <retval>, iftmp.54_16
# ./arch/x86/include/asm/jump_label.h:27:       asm_volatile_goto("1:"
#APP
# 27 "./arch/x86/include/asm/jump_label.h" 1
        1:jmp .L111 # objtool NOPs this         #
        .pushsection __jump_table,  "aw"
         .balign 8
        .long 1b - .
        .long .L111 - .         #
         .quad __tracepoint_sock_recv_length+8 + 2 - .  #,
        .popsection

# 0 "" 2
#NO_APP
.L106:
# net/socket.c:1008: }
 <<*>>       movl    %ebx, %eax      # <retval>,
        popq    %rbx    #
        popq    %rbp    #
        popq    %r12    #
        ret
.L111:
# ./include/trace/events/sock.h:308: DEFINE_EVENT(sock_msg_length,
sock_recv_length,

> That is, when the tracepoint in the block gets enabled so does the above
> branch. Sure, there could be a race between the two being enabled, but I
> don't see any issue if there is. But the process to modify the jump labels,
> does a bunch of synchronization between the CPUs.
>
> What barrier are you expecting?

Something preventing the compiler being 'smart', forcing expression evaluations
before TP_fast_assign() is eventually called.



>
> -- Steve
>
> >
> >
> >
> > >                 call_trace_sock_send_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
> > >                                             sock->sk->sk_protocol, ret, 0);
> > >         }
> > >         return ret;
> > > }
> > >
> > > What do you think?

Re: [External] Re: [PATCH v4] sock: add tracepoint for send recv length

[Steven Rostedt]

On Mon, 9 Jan 2023 16:20:58 +0100
Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> wrote:

> On Mon, Jan 9, 2023 at 4:08 PM Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> wrote:
> >
> > On Mon, 9 Jan 2023 15:54:38 +0100
> > Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> wrote:
> >  
> > > > static inline int sock_sendmsg_nosec(struct socket *sock, struct msghdr *msg)
> > > > {
> > > >         int ret = INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->sendmsg, inet6_sendmsg,
> > > >                                      inet_sendmsg, sock, msg,
> > > >                                      msg_data_left(msg));
> > > >         BUG_ON(ret == -EIOCBQUEUED);
> > > >
> > > >         if (trace_sock_send_length_enabled()) {  
> > >
> > > A barrier() is needed here, with the current state of affairs.
> > >
> > > IMO, ftrace/x86 experts should take care of this generic issue ?  
> >
> > trace_*_enabled() is a static_branch() (aka. jump label).
> >
> > It's a nop, where the if block is in the out-of-line code and skipped. When
> > the tracepoint is enabled, it gets turned into a jump to the if block
> > (which returns back to this location).
> >  
> 
> This is not a nop, as shown in the generated assembly, I copied in
> this thread earlier.

But I thought that was for the patch before the added noinline helper
function to force the tracepoint into its own function, and this now just
has the static branch.

> 
> Compiler does all sorts of things before the point the static branch
> is looked at.
> 
> Let's add the extract again with <<*>> tags on added instructions/dereferences.
> 
> 

Ug, bad line wrapping

> sock_recvmsg_nosec:
>         pushq   %r12    #
>         movl    %edx, %r12d     # tmp123, flags
>         pushq   %rbp    #
> # net/socket.c:999:     int ret =
> INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->recvmsg, inet6_recvmsg,
>         movl    %r12d, %ecx     # flags,
> # net/socket.c:998: {
>         movq    %rdi, %rbp      # tmp121, sock
>         pushq   %rbx    #
> # net/socket.c:999:     int ret =
> INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->recvmsg, inet6_recvmsg,
>         movq    32(%rdi), %rax  # sock_19(D)->ops, sock_19(D)->ops
> # ./include/linux/uio.h:270:    return i->count;
>         movq    32(%rsi), %rdx  # MEM[(const struct iov_iter
> *)msg_20(D) + 16B].count, pretmp_48
> # net/socket.c:999:     int ret =
> INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->recvmsg, inet6_recvmsg,
>         movq    144(%rax), %rax # _1->recvmsg, _2
>         cmpq    $inet6_recvmsg, %rax    #, _2
>         jne     .L107   #,
>         call    inet6_recvmsg   #
>  <<*>>       movl    %eax, %ebx      # tmp124, <retval>
> .L108:
> # net/socket.c:1003:    trace_sock_recv_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
>   <<*>>      xorl    %r8d, %r8d      # tmp127
>    <<*>>     testl   %ebx, %ebx      # <retval>
> # net/socket.c:1004:                           sock->sk->sk_protocol,
>  <<*>>       movq    24(%rbp), %rsi  # sock_19(D)->sk, _10
> # net/socket.c:1003:    trace_sock_recv_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
>  <<*>>       cmovle  %ebx, %r8d      # <retval>,, tmp119
>   <<*>>      testb   $2, %r12b       #, flags
> # net/socket.c:1004:                           sock->sk->sk_protocol,
>   <<*>>      movzwl  516(%rsi), %ecx # _10->sk_protocol,
> # net/socket.c:1003:    trace_sock_recv_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
>   <<*>>      movzwl  16(%rsi), %edx  # _10->__sk_common.skc_family,
> # net/socket.c:1003:    trace_sock_recv_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
>   <<*>>      cmove   %ebx, %r8d      # tmp119,, <retval>, iftmp.54_16
> # ./arch/x86/include/asm/jump_label.h:27:       asm_volatile_goto("1:"
> #APP
> # 27 "./arch/x86/include/asm/jump_label.h" 1
>         1:jmp .L111 # objtool NOPs this         #
>         .pushsection __jump_table,  "aw"
>          .balign 8
>         .long 1b - .
>         .long .L111 - .         #
>          .quad __tracepoint_sock_recv_length+8 + 2 - .  #,
>         .popsection
> 
> # 0 "" 2
> #NO_APP
> .L106:
> # net/socket.c:1008: }
>  <<*>>       movl    %ebx, %eax      # <retval>,
>         popq    %rbx    #
>         popq    %rbp    #
>         popq    %r12    #
>         ret
> .L111:
> # ./include/trace/events/sock.h:308: DEFINE_EVENT(sock_msg_length,
> sock_recv_length,
> 
> > That is, when the tracepoint in the block gets enabled so does the above
> > branch. Sure, there could be a race between the two being enabled, but I
> > don't see any issue if there is. But the process to modify the jump labels,
> > does a bunch of synchronization between the CPUs.
> >
> > What barrier are you expecting?  
> 
> Something preventing the compiler being 'smart', forcing expression evaluations
> before TP_fast_assign() is eventually called.

There's no good way to generically keep the compiler from being 'smart',
that I know of. That's because the tracepoint injection is defined by:

#define __DECLARE_TRACE(name, proto, args, cond, data_proto)		\
	extern int __traceiter_##name(data_proto);			\
	DECLARE_STATIC_CALL(tp_func_##name, __traceiter_##name);	\
	extern struct tracepoint __tracepoint_##name;			\
	static inline void __trace_##name(proto)			\
	{								

That (proto) is the prototype being passed in. And because macros can't
create other macros, I don't know how to have a way to inject a barrier()
before and after that call, or better yet, to have the prototype hidden
behind the static_branch.


But looking at this tracepoint again, I see a issue that can help with the
dereferencing.

Why is family and protocol passed in?

+	trace_sock_send_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
+			       sock->sk->sk_protocol, ret, 0);


Where the TP_fast_assign() is:

+	TP_fast_assign(
+		__entry->sk = sk;
+		__entry->family = sk->sk_family;
+		__entry->protocol = sk->sk_protocol;
+		__entry->length = ret > 0 ? ret : 0;
+		__entry->error = ret < 0 ? ret : 0;
+		__entry->flags = flags;
+	),

The family and protocol is taken from the sk, and not the parameters. I bet
dropping those would help.

-- Steve

Re: [External] Re: [PATCH v4] sock: add tracepoint for send recv length

[运辉崔]

On Mon, Jan 9, 2023 at 11:39 PM Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> wrote:

>
> But looking at this tracepoint again, I see a issue that can help with the
> dereferencing.
>
> Why is family and protocol passed in?
>
> +       trace_sock_send_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
> +                              sock->sk->sk_protocol, ret, 0);
>
>
> Where the TP_fast_assign() is:
>
> +       TP_fast_assign(
> +               __entry->sk = sk;
> +               __entry->family = sk->sk_family;
> +               __entry->protocol = sk->sk_protocol;
> +               __entry->length = ret > 0 ? ret : 0;
> +               __entry->error = ret < 0 ? ret : 0;
> +               __entry->flags = flags;
> +       ),
>
> The family and protocol is taken from the sk, and not the parameters. I bet
> dropping those would help.
>
> -- Steve
>

Many thanks to Eric and Steven for your discussions and suggestions, I
will update on v5.


Thanks,
Yunhui

Re: [PATCH v4] sock: add tracepoint for send recv length

[Dust Li]

On Sun, Jan 08, 2023 at 10:55:45AM +0800, Yunhui Cui wrote:
>Add 2 tracepoints to monitor the tcp/udp traffic
>of per process and per cgroup.
>
>Regarding monitoring the tcp/udp traffic of each process, there are two
>existing solutions, the first one is https://www.atoptool.nl/netatop.php.
>The second is via kprobe/kretprobe.
>
>Netatop solution is implemented by registering the hook function at the
>hook point provided by the netfilter framework.
>
>These hook functions may be in the soft interrupt context and cannot
>directly obtain the pid. Some data structures are added to bind packets
>and processes. For example, struct taskinfobucket, struct taskinfo ...
>
>Every time the process sends and receives packets it needs multiple
>hashmaps,resulting in low performance and it has the problem fo inaccurate
>tcp/udp traffic statistics(for example: multiple threads share sockets).
>
>We can obtain the information with kretprobe, but as we know, kprobe gets
>the result by trappig in an exception, which loses performance compared
>to tracepoint.
>
>We compared the performance of tracepoints with the above two methods, and
>the results are as follows:
>
>ab -n 1000000 -c 1000 -r http://127.0.0.1/index.html

AFAIK, ab are relatively slow compared to some network benchmarks since
it's a http benchmark.
Can you test other benchmarks like sockperf or redis-benchmark with small
packets, and check the PPS drop ? Those benchmarks should have larger PPS.

Like Eric pointed out, those tracepoints in the datapath are not free,
its better to make sure we don't get a noticeable PPS drop after adding
those tracepoints.

Thanks.

>without trace:
>Time per request: 39.660 [ms] (mean)
>Time per request: 0.040 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
>
>netatop:
>Time per request: 50.717 [ms] (mean)
>Time per request: 0.051 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
>
>kr:
>Time per request: 43.168 [ms] (mean)
>Time per request: 0.043 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
>
>tracepoint:
>Time per request: 41.004 [ms] (mean)
>Time per request: 0.041 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests
>
>It can be seen that tracepoint has better performance.
>
>Signed-off-by: Yunhui Cui <cuiyunhui@bytedance.com>
>Signed-off-by: Xiongchun Duan <duanxiongchun@bytedance.com>
>---
> include/trace/events/sock.h | 48 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> net/socket.c                | 23 ++++++++++++++----
> 2 files changed, 67 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
>
>diff --git a/include/trace/events/sock.h b/include/trace/events/sock.h
>index 777ee6cbe933..d00a5b272404 100644
>--- a/include/trace/events/sock.h
>+++ b/include/trace/events/sock.h
>@@ -263,6 +263,54 @@ TRACE_EVENT(inet_sk_error_report,
> 		  __entry->error)
> );
> 
>+/*
>+ * sock send/recv msg length
>+ */
>+DECLARE_EVENT_CLASS(sock_msg_length,
>+
>+	TP_PROTO(struct sock *sk, __u16 family, __u16 protocol, int ret,
>+		 int flags),
>+
>+	TP_ARGS(sk, family, protocol, ret, flags),
>+
>+	TP_STRUCT__entry(
>+		__field(void *, sk)
>+		__field(__u16, family)
>+		__field(__u16, protocol)
>+		__field(int, length)
>+		__field(int, error)
>+		__field(int, flags)
>+	),
>+
>+	TP_fast_assign(
>+		__entry->sk = sk;
>+		__entry->family = sk->sk_family;
>+		__entry->protocol = sk->sk_protocol;
>+		__entry->length = ret > 0 ? ret : 0;
>+		__entry->error = ret < 0 ? ret : 0;
>+		__entry->flags = flags;
>+	),
>+
>+	TP_printk("sk address = %p, family = %s protocol = %s, length = %d, error = %d, flags = 0x%x",
>+		  __entry->sk, show_family_name(__entry->family),
>+		  show_inet_protocol_name(__entry->protocol),
>+		  __entry->length,
>+		  __entry->error, __entry->flags)
>+);
>+
>+DEFINE_EVENT(sock_msg_length, sock_send_length,
>+	TP_PROTO(struct sock *sk, __u16 family, __u16 protocol, int ret,
>+		 int flags),
>+
>+	TP_ARGS(sk, family, protocol, ret, flags)
>+);
>+
>+DEFINE_EVENT(sock_msg_length, sock_recv_length,
>+	TP_PROTO(struct sock *sk, __u16 family, __u16 protocol, int ret,
>+		 int flags),
>+
>+	TP_ARGS(sk, family, protocol, ret, flags)
>+);
> #endif /* _TRACE_SOCK_H */
> 
> /* This part must be outside protection */
>diff --git a/net/socket.c b/net/socket.c
>index 888cd618a968..60a1ff95b4b1 100644
>--- a/net/socket.c
>+++ b/net/socket.c
>@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@
> #include <net/busy_poll.h>
> #include <linux/errqueue.h>
> #include <linux/ptp_clock_kernel.h>
>+#include <trace/events/sock.h>
> 
> #ifdef CONFIG_NET_RX_BUSY_POLL
> unsigned int sysctl_net_busy_read __read_mostly;
>@@ -715,6 +716,9 @@ static inline int sock_sendmsg_nosec(struct socket *sock, struct msghdr *msg)
> 				     inet_sendmsg, sock, msg,
> 				     msg_data_left(msg));
> 	BUG_ON(ret == -EIOCBQUEUED);
>+
>+	trace_sock_send_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
>+			       sock->sk->sk_protocol, ret, 0);
> 	return ret;
> }
> 
>@@ -992,9 +996,15 @@ INDIRECT_CALLABLE_DECLARE(int inet6_recvmsg(struct socket *, struct msghdr *,
> static inline int sock_recvmsg_nosec(struct socket *sock, struct msghdr *msg,
> 				     int flags)
> {
>-	return INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->recvmsg, inet6_recvmsg,
>-				  inet_recvmsg, sock, msg, msg_data_left(msg),
>-				  flags);
>+	int ret = INDIRECT_CALL_INET(sock->ops->recvmsg, inet6_recvmsg,
>+				     inet_recvmsg, sock, msg,
>+				     msg_data_left(msg), flags);
>+
>+	trace_sock_recv_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
>+			       sock->sk->sk_protocol,
>+			       !(flags & MSG_PEEK) ? ret :
>+			       (ret < 0 ? ret : 0), flags);
>+	return ret;
> }
> 
> /**
>@@ -1044,6 +1054,7 @@ static ssize_t sock_sendpage(struct file *file, struct page *page,
> {
> 	struct socket *sock;
> 	int flags;
>+	int ret;
> 
> 	sock = file->private_data;
> 
>@@ -1051,7 +1062,11 @@ static ssize_t sock_sendpage(struct file *file, struct page *page,
> 	/* more is a combination of MSG_MORE and MSG_SENDPAGE_NOTLAST */
> 	flags |= more;
> 
>-	return kernel_sendpage(sock, page, offset, size, flags);
>+	ret = kernel_sendpage(sock, page, offset, size, flags);
>+
>+	trace_sock_send_length(sock->sk, sock->sk->sk_family,
>+			       sock->sk->sk_protocol, ret, 0);
>+	return ret;
> }
> 
> static ssize_t sock_splice_read(struct file *file, loff_t *ppos,
>-- 
>2.20.1