Re: [PATCH v3 1/4] nbd/server: Prefer heap over stack for parsing client names

[Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>]

On 11/14/19 4:04 AM, Maxim Levitsky wrote:
> On Wed, 2019-11-13 at 20:46 -0600, Eric Blake wrote:
>> As long as we limit NBD names to 256 bytes (the bare minimum permitted
>> by the standard), stack-allocation works for parsing a name received
>> from the client.  But as mentioned in a comment, we eventually want to
>> permit up to the 4k maximum of the NBD standard, which is too large
>> for stack allocation; so switch everything in the server to use heap
>> allocation.  For now, there is no change in actually supported name
>> length.
> 
> I am just curios, why is this so?
> I know that kernel uses 8K stacks due to historical limitation
> of 1:1 physical memory mapping which creates fragmentation,
> but in the userspace stacks shouldn't really be limited and grow on demand.

Actually, 4k rather than 8k stack overflow guard pages are typical on 
some OS.  The problem with stack-allocating anything larger than the 
guard page size is that you can end up overshooting the guard page, and 
then the OS is unable to catch stack overflow in the normal manner of 
sending SIGSEGV.  Also, when using coroutines, it is very common to have 
limited stack size in the first place, where large stack allocations can 
run into issues.  So in general, it's a good rule of thumb to never 
stack-allocate something if it can be larger than 4k.

> Some gcc security option limits this?

Not by default, but you can compile with -Wframe-larger-than=4096 (or 
even smaller) to catch instances where stack allocation is likely to run 
into trouble.


>> @@ -427,7 +431,7 @@ static void nbd_check_meta_export(NBDClient *client)
>>   static int nbd_negotiate_handle_export_name(NBDClient *client, bool no_zeroes,
>>                                               Error **errp)
>>   {
>> -    char name[NBD_MAX_NAME_SIZE + 1];
>> +    g_autofree char *name;
> 
> That is what patchew complained about I think.

Yes, and I've already fixed the missing initializer.

> 
> Isn't it wonderful how g_autofree fixes one issue
> and introduces another. I mean 'name' isn't really
> used here prior to allocation according to plain C,
> but due to g_autofree, it can be now on any error
> path. Nothing against g_autofree though, just noting this.

Yes, and our documentation for g_auto* reminds that all such variables 
with automatic cleanup must have an initializer or be set prior to any 
exit path.  I think I see why I didn't catch it beforehand - I'm 
compiling with --enable-debug, which passes CFLAGS=-g, while the 
compiler warning occurs when -O2 is in effect; but it is rather annoying 
that gcc doesn't catch the bug when not optimizing.

> 
> Looks correct, but I might have missed something.
> 
> Reviewed-by: Maxim Levitsky <mlevitsk@redhat.com>
> 

Thanks, and assuming that's with my initializer fix squashed in.

> Best regards,
> 	Maxim Levitsky
> 
> 

-- 
Eric Blake, Principal Software Engineer
Red Hat, Inc.           +1-919-301-3226
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