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From: Reiji Watanabe <reijiw@google.com>
To: Ricardo Koller <ricarkol@google.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>,
	kvmarm@lists.cs.columbia.edu, kvm@vger.kernel.org,
	Linux ARM <linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org>,
	James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>,
	Alexandru Elisei <alexandru.elisei@arm.com>,
	Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>,
	Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>,
	Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>, Andrew Jones <drjones@redhat.com>,
	Peng Liang <liangpeng10@huawei.com>,
	Peter Shier <pshier@google.com>, Oliver Upton <oupton@google.com>,
	Jing Zhang <jingzhangos@google.com>,
	Raghavendra Rao Anata <rananta@google.com>
Subject: Re: [RFC PATCH v4 02/26] KVM: arm64: Save ID registers' sanitized value per guest
Date: Fri, 28 Jan 2022 21:52:21 -0800	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <CAAeT=FyqPX_XQ+LDuRBZhApeiWD4s81bTMe=qiKDOZkBWm5ARg@mail.gmail.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <CAOHnOrwBoQncTPngxqWgD_mEDWT6AwcmB_QC=j-eUPY2fwHa2Q@mail.gmail.com>

Hi Ricardo,

> > > > +
> > > > +/*
> > > > + * Set the guest's ID registers that are defined in sys_reg_descs[]
> > > > + * with ID_SANITISED() to the host's sanitized value.
> > > > + */
> > > > +void set_default_id_regs(struct kvm *kvm)
> > > > +{
> > > > +     int i;
> > > > +     u32 id;
> > > > +     const struct sys_reg_desc *rd;
> > > > +     u64 val;
> > > > +
> > > > +     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(sys_reg_descs); i++) {
> > > > +             rd = &sys_reg_descs[i];
> > > > +             if (rd->access != access_id_reg)
> > > > +                     /* Not ID register, or hidden/reserved ID register */
> > > > +                     continue;
> > > > +
> > > > +             id = reg_to_encoding(rd);
> > > > +             if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!is_id_reg(id)))
> > > > +                     /* Shouldn't happen */
> > > > +                     continue;
> > > > +
> > > > +             val = read_sanitised_ftr_reg(id);
> > >
> > > I'm a bit confused. Shouldn't the default+sanitized values already use
> > > arm64_ftr_bits_kvm (instead of arm64_ftr_regs)?
> >
> > I'm not sure if I understand your question.
> > arm64_ftr_bits_kvm is used for feature support checkings when
> > userspace tries to modify a value of ID registers.
> > With this patch, KVM just saves the sanitized values in the kvm's
> > buffer, but userspace is still not allowed to modify values of ID
> > registers yet.
> > I hope it answers your question.
>
> Based on the previous commit I was assuming that some registers, like
> id_aa64dfr0,
> would default to the overwritten values as the sanitized values. More
> specifically: if
> userspace doesn't modify any ID reg, shouldn't the defaults have the
> KVM overwritten
> values (arm64_ftr_bits_kvm)?

arm64_ftr_bits_kvm doesn't have arm64_ftr_reg but arm64_ftr_bits,
and arm64_ftr_bits_kvm doesn't have the sanitized values.

Thanks,
Reiji

WARNING: multiple messages have this Message-ID (diff)
From: Reiji Watanabe <reijiw@google.com>
To: Ricardo Koller <ricarkol@google.com>
Cc: kvm@vger.kernel.org, Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>,
	Peter Shier <pshier@google.com>, Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>,
	Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>,
	kvmarm@lists.cs.columbia.edu,
	Linux ARM <linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org>
Subject: Re: [RFC PATCH v4 02/26] KVM: arm64: Save ID registers' sanitized value per guest
Date: Fri, 28 Jan 2022 21:52:21 -0800	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <CAAeT=FyqPX_XQ+LDuRBZhApeiWD4s81bTMe=qiKDOZkBWm5ARg@mail.gmail.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <CAOHnOrwBoQncTPngxqWgD_mEDWT6AwcmB_QC=j-eUPY2fwHa2Q@mail.gmail.com>

Hi Ricardo,

> > > > +
> > > > +/*
> > > > + * Set the guest's ID registers that are defined in sys_reg_descs[]
> > > > + * with ID_SANITISED() to the host's sanitized value.
> > > > + */
> > > > +void set_default_id_regs(struct kvm *kvm)
> > > > +{
> > > > +     int i;
> > > > +     u32 id;
> > > > +     const struct sys_reg_desc *rd;
> > > > +     u64 val;
> > > > +
> > > > +     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(sys_reg_descs); i++) {
> > > > +             rd = &sys_reg_descs[i];
> > > > +             if (rd->access != access_id_reg)
> > > > +                     /* Not ID register, or hidden/reserved ID register */
> > > > +                     continue;
> > > > +
> > > > +             id = reg_to_encoding(rd);
> > > > +             if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!is_id_reg(id)))
> > > > +                     /* Shouldn't happen */
> > > > +                     continue;
> > > > +
> > > > +             val = read_sanitised_ftr_reg(id);
> > >
> > > I'm a bit confused. Shouldn't the default+sanitized values already use
> > > arm64_ftr_bits_kvm (instead of arm64_ftr_regs)?
> >
> > I'm not sure if I understand your question.
> > arm64_ftr_bits_kvm is used for feature support checkings when
> > userspace tries to modify a value of ID registers.
> > With this patch, KVM just saves the sanitized values in the kvm's
> > buffer, but userspace is still not allowed to modify values of ID
> > registers yet.
> > I hope it answers your question.
>
> Based on the previous commit I was assuming that some registers, like
> id_aa64dfr0,
> would default to the overwritten values as the sanitized values. More
> specifically: if
> userspace doesn't modify any ID reg, shouldn't the defaults have the
> KVM overwritten
> values (arm64_ftr_bits_kvm)?

arm64_ftr_bits_kvm doesn't have arm64_ftr_reg but arm64_ftr_bits,
and arm64_ftr_bits_kvm doesn't have the sanitized values.

Thanks,
Reiji
_______________________________________________
kvmarm mailing list
kvmarm@lists.cs.columbia.edu
https://lists.cs.columbia.edu/mailman/listinfo/kvmarm

WARNING: multiple messages have this Message-ID (diff)
From: Reiji Watanabe <reijiw@google.com>
To: Ricardo Koller <ricarkol@google.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>,
	kvmarm@lists.cs.columbia.edu, kvm@vger.kernel.org,
	Linux ARM <linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org>,
	James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>,
	 Alexandru Elisei <alexandru.elisei@arm.com>,
	Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>,
	 Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>,
	Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>, Andrew Jones <drjones@redhat.com>,
	 Peng Liang <liangpeng10@huawei.com>,
	Peter Shier <pshier@google.com>,
	 Oliver Upton <oupton@google.com>,
	Jing Zhang <jingzhangos@google.com>,
	 Raghavendra Rao Anata <rananta@google.com>
Subject: Re: [RFC PATCH v4 02/26] KVM: arm64: Save ID registers' sanitized value per guest
Date: Fri, 28 Jan 2022 21:52:21 -0800	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <CAAeT=FyqPX_XQ+LDuRBZhApeiWD4s81bTMe=qiKDOZkBWm5ARg@mail.gmail.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <CAOHnOrwBoQncTPngxqWgD_mEDWT6AwcmB_QC=j-eUPY2fwHa2Q@mail.gmail.com>

Hi Ricardo,

> > > > +
> > > > +/*
> > > > + * Set the guest's ID registers that are defined in sys_reg_descs[]
> > > > + * with ID_SANITISED() to the host's sanitized value.
> > > > + */
> > > > +void set_default_id_regs(struct kvm *kvm)
> > > > +{
> > > > +     int i;
> > > > +     u32 id;
> > > > +     const struct sys_reg_desc *rd;
> > > > +     u64 val;
> > > > +
> > > > +     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(sys_reg_descs); i++) {
> > > > +             rd = &sys_reg_descs[i];
> > > > +             if (rd->access != access_id_reg)
> > > > +                     /* Not ID register, or hidden/reserved ID register */
> > > > +                     continue;
> > > > +
> > > > +             id = reg_to_encoding(rd);
> > > > +             if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!is_id_reg(id)))
> > > > +                     /* Shouldn't happen */
> > > > +                     continue;
> > > > +
> > > > +             val = read_sanitised_ftr_reg(id);
> > >
> > > I'm a bit confused. Shouldn't the default+sanitized values already use
> > > arm64_ftr_bits_kvm (instead of arm64_ftr_regs)?
> >
> > I'm not sure if I understand your question.
> > arm64_ftr_bits_kvm is used for feature support checkings when
> > userspace tries to modify a value of ID registers.
> > With this patch, KVM just saves the sanitized values in the kvm's
> > buffer, but userspace is still not allowed to modify values of ID
> > registers yet.
> > I hope it answers your question.
>
> Based on the previous commit I was assuming that some registers, like
> id_aa64dfr0,
> would default to the overwritten values as the sanitized values. More
> specifically: if
> userspace doesn't modify any ID reg, shouldn't the defaults have the
> KVM overwritten
> values (arm64_ftr_bits_kvm)?

arm64_ftr_bits_kvm doesn't have arm64_ftr_reg but arm64_ftr_bits,
and arm64_ftr_bits_kvm doesn't have the sanitized values.

Thanks,
Reiji

_______________________________________________
linux-arm-kernel mailing list
linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
http://lists.infradead.org/mailman/listinfo/linux-arm-kernel

  reply	other threads:[~2022-01-29  5:52 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 201+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2022-01-06  4:26 [RFC PATCH v4 00/26] KVM: arm64: Make CPU ID registers writable by userspace Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26 ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26 ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26 ` [RFC PATCH v4 01/26] KVM: arm64: Introduce a validation function for an ID register Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-07  7:12   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-07  7:12     ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-07  7:12     ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-24 16:20   ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-24 16:20     ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-24 16:20     ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-26  6:04     ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-26  6:04       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-26  6:04       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-01 14:13       ` Fuad Tabba
2022-02-01 14:13         ` Fuad Tabba
2022-02-01 14:13         ` Fuad Tabba
2022-02-02  6:46         ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-02  6:46           ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-02  6:46           ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-26  4:30   ` Ricardo Koller
2022-01-26  4:30     ` Ricardo Koller
2022-01-26  4:30     ` Ricardo Koller
2022-01-28  6:01     ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-28  6:01       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-28  6:01       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26 ` [RFC PATCH v4 02/26] KVM: arm64: Save ID registers' sanitized value per guest Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-24 16:21   ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-24 16:21     ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-24 16:21     ` Fuad Tabba
2022-02-09  2:26     ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-09  2:26       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-09  2:26       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-26  5:22   ` Ricardo Koller
2022-01-26  5:22     ` Ricardo Koller
2022-01-26  5:22     ` Ricardo Koller
2022-01-28  6:24     ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-28  6:24       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-28  6:24       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-28 19:27       ` Ricardo Koller
2022-01-28 19:27         ` Ricardo Koller
2022-01-28 19:27         ` Ricardo Koller
2022-01-29  5:52         ` Reiji Watanabe [this message]
2022-01-29  5:52           ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-29  5:52           ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-31  3:40           ` Ricardo Koller
2022-01-31  3:40             ` Ricardo Koller
2022-01-31  3:40             ` Ricardo Koller
2022-02-01  6:00             ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-01  6:00               ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-01  6:00               ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-01 18:38               ` Ricardo Koller
2022-02-01 18:38                 ` Ricardo Koller
2022-02-01 18:38                 ` Ricardo Koller
2022-02-03  6:31                 ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-03  6:31                   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-03  6:31                   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-04 14:41                   ` Ricardo Koller
2022-02-04 14:41                     ` Ricardo Koller
2022-02-04 14:41                     ` Ricardo Koller
2022-01-06  4:26 ` [RFC PATCH v4 03/26] KVM: arm64: Introduce struct id_reg_info Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-24 16:28   ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-24 16:28     ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-24 16:28     ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-26  6:46     ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-26  6:46       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-26  6:46       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-01 14:13       ` Fuad Tabba
2022-02-01 14:13         ` Fuad Tabba
2022-02-01 14:13         ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-06  4:26 ` [RFC PATCH v4 04/26] KVM: arm64: Make ID_AA64PFR0_EL1 writable Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-24 16:51   ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-24 16:51     ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-24 16:51     ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-27  4:01     ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-27  4:01       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-27  4:01       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-01 14:14       ` Fuad Tabba
2022-02-01 14:14         ` Fuad Tabba
2022-02-01 14:14         ` Fuad Tabba
2022-02-10  5:33         ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-10  5:33           ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-10  5:33           ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26 ` [RFC PATCH v4 05/26] KVM: arm64: Make ID_AA64PFR1_EL1 writable Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26 ` [RFC PATCH v4 06/26] KVM: arm64: Make ID_AA64ISAR0_EL1 writable Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26 ` [RFC PATCH v4 07/26] KVM: arm64: Make ID_AA64ISAR1_EL1 writable Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26 ` [RFC PATCH v4 08/26] KVM: arm64: Make ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1 writable Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26 ` [RFC PATCH v4 09/26] KVM: arm64: Hide IMPLEMENTATION DEFINED PMU support for the guest Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26 ` [RFC PATCH v4 10/26] KVM: arm64: Make ID_AA64DFR0_EL1 writable Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26 ` [RFC PATCH v4 11/26] KVM: arm64: Make ID_DFR0_EL1 writable Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26 ` [RFC PATCH v4 12/26] KVM: arm64: Make MVFR1_EL1 writable Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26 ` [RFC PATCH v4 13/26] KVM: arm64: Make ID registers without id_reg_info writable Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26 ` [RFC PATCH v4 14/26] KVM: arm64: Add consistency checking for frac fields of ID registers Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-24 17:00   ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-24 17:00     ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-24 17:00     ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-27  5:03     ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-27  5:03       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-27  5:03       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26 ` [RFC PATCH v4 15/26] KVM: arm64: Introduce KVM_CAP_ARM_ID_REG_CONFIGURABLE capability Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26 ` [RFC PATCH v4 16/26] KVM: arm64: Add kunit test for ID register validation Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26 ` [RFC PATCH v4 17/26] KVM: arm64: Use vcpu->arch cptr_el2 to track value of cptr_el2 for VHE Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:26   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27 ` [RFC PATCH v4 18/26] KVM: arm64: Use vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2 to track value of mdcr_el2 Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27 ` [RFC PATCH v4 19/26] KVM: arm64: Introduce framework to trap disabled features Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27 ` [RFC PATCH v4 20/26] KVM: arm64: Trap disabled features of ID_AA64PFR0_EL1 Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-24 17:16   ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-24 17:16     ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-24 17:16     ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-27  7:19     ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-27  7:19       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-27  7:19       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-01 14:14       ` Fuad Tabba
2022-02-01 14:14         ` Fuad Tabba
2022-02-01 14:14         ` Fuad Tabba
2022-02-10  4:15         ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-10  4:15           ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-10  4:15           ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27 ` [RFC PATCH v4 21/26] KVM: arm64: Trap disabled features of ID_AA64PFR1_EL1 Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27 ` [RFC PATCH v4 22/26] KVM: arm64: Trap disabled features of ID_AA64DFR0_EL1 Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-24 17:19   ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-24 17:19     ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-24 17:19     ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-28  5:40     ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-28  5:40       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-28  5:40       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27 ` [RFC PATCH v4 23/26] KVM: arm64: Trap disabled features of ID_AA64MMFR1_EL1 Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-24 17:37   ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-24 17:37     ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-24 17:37     ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-28  5:43     ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-28  5:43       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-28  5:43       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-09  4:51       ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-09  4:51         ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-09  4:51         ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27 ` [RFC PATCH v4 24/26] KVM: arm64: Trap disabled features of ID_AA64ISAR1_EL1 Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27 ` [RFC PATCH v4 25/26] KVM: arm64: Add kunit test for trap initialization Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27 ` [RFC PATCH v4 26/26] KVM: arm64: selftests: Introduce id_reg_test Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-06  4:27   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-18  4:24 ` [RFC PATCH v4 00/26] KVM: arm64: Make CPU ID registers writable by userspace Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-18  4:24   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-18  4:24   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-24 16:18 ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-24 16:18   ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-24 16:18   ` Fuad Tabba
2022-01-25  6:31   ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-25  6:31     ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-01-25  6:31     ` Reiji Watanabe
2022-02-01 14:12     ` Fuad Tabba
2022-02-01 14:12       ` Fuad Tabba
2022-02-01 14:12       ` Fuad Tabba

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    --in-reply-to='CAAeT=FyqPX_XQ+LDuRBZhApeiWD4s81bTMe=qiKDOZkBWm5ARg@mail.gmail.com' \
    --to=reijiw@google.com \
    --cc=alexandru.elisei@arm.com \
    --cc=drjones@redhat.com \
    --cc=james.morse@arm.com \
    --cc=jingzhangos@google.com \
    --cc=kvm@vger.kernel.org \
    --cc=kvmarm@lists.cs.columbia.edu \
    --cc=liangpeng10@huawei.com \
    --cc=linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org \
    --cc=maz@kernel.org \
    --cc=oupton@google.com \
    --cc=pbonzini@redhat.com \
    --cc=pshier@google.com \
    --cc=rananta@google.com \
    --cc=ricarkol@google.com \
    --cc=suzuki.poulose@arm.com \
    --cc=will@kernel.org \
    /path/to/YOUR_REPLY

  https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html

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