[PATCH v2 00/28] docs: i2c: rework I2C documentation, part I

[PATCH v2 00/28] docs: i2c: rework I2C documentation, part I

[Luca Ceresoli]

Hi,

this series is a list of improvements to the I2C documentation.

It started as a simple reordering of index.rst from alphabetical order to a
logical order. Then it grew to a mixture of various improvements to each
section and some cross-section changes.

I wanted to rework all the sections in a unique series, but after covering
about one third of them the number of patches has already grown pretty long
so I'm sending it in its current state. I will continue to cover the rest
of the sections later.

Each patch is quite self-standing, and most are trivial, so have a good
reading.

v2 incorporates many improvements suggested by Jean Delvare and Peter
Rosin. A special thank you to Jean for his very patient and appreciated
review work of _all_ of the 26 patches. Thanks to his work the patches are
now 28. :) Patches 27 and 28 are the new ones.

Luca

Luca Ceresoli (28):
  docs: i2c: sort index logically
  docs: i2c: summary: extend introduction
  docs: i2c: summary: rewrite the "terminology" section
  docs: i2c: call it "I2C" consistently
  docs: i2c: fix typo
  docs: i2c: replace "I2C-transfer" -> "I2C transfer" consistently
  docs: i2c: i2c-protocol: fix kernel-doc function syntax
  docs: i2c: i2c-protocol: properly name start and stop conditions
  docs: i2c: i2c-protocol: remove unneeded colons from table
  docs: i2c: i2c-protocol: use proper names for ACK and NACK
  docs: i2c: smbus: fix link syntax
  docs: i2c: smbus-protocol: properly name start and stop conditions
  docs: i2c: smbus-protocol: remove unneeded colons from table
  docs: i2c: smbus-protocol: use proper names for ACK and NACK
  docs: i2c: smbus-protocol: enable kernel-doc function syntax
  docs: i2c: smbus-protocol: fix kernel-doc function syntax
  docs: i2c: smbus-protocol: fix typo
  docs: i2c: smbus-protocol: fix punctuation
  docs: i2c: smbus-protocol: improve I2C Block transactions description
  docs: i2c: instantiating-devices: fix internal hyperlink
  docs: i2c: instantiating-devices: rearrange static instatiation
  docs: i2c: instantiating-devices: use monospace for sysfs attributes
  docs: i2c: old-module-parameters: fix internal hyperlink
  docs: i2c: old-module-parameters: clarify this is for obsolete kernels
  docs: i2c: old-module-parameters: use monospace instead of ""
  docs: i2c: rename sections so the overall picture is clearer
  docs: i2c: i2c-protocol: use same wording as smbus-protocol
  docs: i2c: writing-clients: properly name the stop condition

 Documentation/i2c/dev-interface.rst         |   24 +-
 Documentation/i2c/dma-considerations.rst    |    2 +-
 Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst          |   45 +-
 Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst          |   72 +-
 Documentation/i2c/i2c.svg                   | 1341 +++++++++++++++++++
 Documentation/i2c/index.rst                 |   59 +-
 Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst |  115 +-
 Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst |   31 +-
 Documentation/i2c/slave-interface.rst       |    4 +-
 Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst        |  107 +-
 Documentation/i2c/summary.rst               |   62 +-
 Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst       |   16 +-
 12 files changed, 1654 insertions(+), 224 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 Documentation/i2c/i2c.svg

-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 01/28] docs: i2c: sort index logically

[Luca Ceresoli]

The index page currently lists sections in alphabetical file order without
caring about their content. Sort sections based on their content logically,
according to the following structure:

 * Intro to I2C/SMBus and their usage in Linux: summary, i2c-protocol,
   smbus-protocol, instantiating-devices, busses/index, i2c-topology,
   muxes/i2c-mux-gpio
 * Implementing drivers: writing-clients, dev-interface,
   dma-considerations, fault-codes, functionality
 * Debugging: gpio-fault-injection, i2c-stub
 * Slave I2C: slave-interface, slave-eeprom-backend
 * Advanced: ten-bit-addresses
 * Obsolete info: upgrading-clients, old-module-parameters

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

---

Changes in v2:
 - split sections in groups (suggested by Jean Delvare)
 - remove consecutive blank lines (reported by Jean Delvare)
---
 Documentation/i2c/index.rst | 59 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 48 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/index.rst b/Documentation/i2c/index.rst
index a0fbaf6d0675..f0f3b9c97abb 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/index.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/index.rst
@@ -4,30 +4,67 @@
 I2C/SMBus Subsystem
 ===================
 
+Introduction
+============
+
+.. toctree::
+   :maxdepth: 1
+
+   summary
+   i2c-protocol
+   smbus-protocol
+   instantiating-devices
+   busses/index
+   i2c-topology
+   muxes/i2c-mux-gpio
+
+
+Writing device drivers
+======================
+
 .. toctree::
    :maxdepth: 1
 
+   writing-clients
    dev-interface
    dma-considerations
    fault-codes
    functionality
+
+Debugging
+=========
+
+.. toctree::
+   :maxdepth: 1
+
    gpio-fault-injection
-   i2c-protocol
    i2c-stub
-   i2c-topology
-   instantiating-devices
-   old-module-parameters
-   slave-eeprom-backend
+
+Slave I2C
+=========
+
+.. toctree::
+   :maxdepth: 1
+
    slave-interface
-   smbus-protocol
-   summary
+   slave-eeprom-backend
+
+Advanced topics
+===============
+
+.. toctree::
+   :maxdepth: 1
+
    ten-bit-addresses
-   upgrading-clients
-   writing-clients
 
-   muxes/i2c-mux-gpio
+Legacy documentation
+====================
 
-   busses/index
+.. toctree::
+   :maxdepth: 1
+
+   upgrading-clients
+   old-module-parameters
 
 .. only::  subproject and html
 
-- 
2.25.0

Re: [PATCH v2 01/28] docs: i2c: sort index logically

[Jean Delvare]

On Thu, 23 Jan 2020 14:50:36 +0100, Luca Ceresoli wrote:
> The index page currently lists sections in alphabetical file order without
> caring about their content. Sort sections based on their content logically,
> according to the following structure:
> 
>  * Intro to I2C/SMBus and their usage in Linux: summary, i2c-protocol,
>    smbus-protocol, instantiating-devices, busses/index, i2c-topology,
>    muxes/i2c-mux-gpio
>  * Implementing drivers: writing-clients, dev-interface,
>    dma-considerations, fault-codes, functionality
>  * Debugging: gpio-fault-injection, i2c-stub
>  * Slave I2C: slave-interface, slave-eeprom-backend
>  * Advanced: ten-bit-addresses
>  * Obsolete info: upgrading-clients, old-module-parameters
> 
> Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
> Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
> 
> ---
> 
> Changes in v2:
>  - split sections in groups (suggested by Jean Delvare)
>  - remove consecutive blank lines (reported by Jean Delvare)
> ---
>  Documentation/i2c/index.rst | 59 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
>  1 file changed, 48 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/index.rst b/Documentation/i2c/index.rst
> index a0fbaf6d0675..f0f3b9c97abb 100644
> --- a/Documentation/i2c/index.rst
> +++ b/Documentation/i2c/index.rst
> @@ -4,30 +4,67 @@
>  I2C/SMBus Subsystem
>  ===================
>  
> +Introduction
> +============
> +
> +.. toctree::
> +   :maxdepth: 1
> +
> +   summary
> +   i2c-protocol
> +   smbus-protocol
> +   instantiating-devices
> +   busses/index
> +   i2c-topology
> +   muxes/i2c-mux-gpio
> +
> +

You still have a double blank line here, not sure if this is intended?

Looks good otherwise.

Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

> +Writing device drivers
> +======================
> +
>  .. toctree::
>     :maxdepth: 1
>  
> +   writing-clients
>     dev-interface
>     dma-considerations
>     fault-codes
>     functionality
> +
> +Debugging
> +=========
> +
> +.. toctree::
> +   :maxdepth: 1
> +
>     gpio-fault-injection
> -   i2c-protocol
>     i2c-stub
> -   i2c-topology
> -   instantiating-devices
> -   old-module-parameters
> -   slave-eeprom-backend
> +
> +Slave I2C
> +=========
> +
> +.. toctree::
> +   :maxdepth: 1
> +
>     slave-interface
> -   smbus-protocol
> -   summary
> +   slave-eeprom-backend
> +
> +Advanced topics
> +===============
> +
> +.. toctree::
> +   :maxdepth: 1
> +
>     ten-bit-addresses
> -   upgrading-clients
> -   writing-clients
>  
> -   muxes/i2c-mux-gpio
> +Legacy documentation
> +====================
>  
> -   busses/index
> +.. toctree::
> +   :maxdepth: 1
> +
> +   upgrading-clients
> +   old-module-parameters
>  
>  .. only::  subproject and html
>  


-- 
Jean Delvare
SUSE L3 Support

Re: [PATCH v2 01/28] docs: i2c: sort index logically

[Luca Ceresoli]

Hi Jean,

On 24/01/20 13:35, Jean Delvare wrote:
> On Thu, 23 Jan 2020 14:50:36 +0100, Luca Ceresoli wrote:
>> The index page currently lists sections in alphabetical file order without
>> caring about their content. Sort sections based on their content logically,
>> according to the following structure:
>>
>>  * Intro to I2C/SMBus and their usage in Linux: summary, i2c-protocol,
>>    smbus-protocol, instantiating-devices, busses/index, i2c-topology,
>>    muxes/i2c-mux-gpio
>>  * Implementing drivers: writing-clients, dev-interface,
>>    dma-considerations, fault-codes, functionality
>>  * Debugging: gpio-fault-injection, i2c-stub
>>  * Slave I2C: slave-interface, slave-eeprom-backend
>>  * Advanced: ten-bit-addresses
>>  * Obsolete info: upgrading-clients, old-module-parameters
>>
>> Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
>> Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
>>
>> ---
>>
>> Changes in v2:
>>  - split sections in groups (suggested by Jean Delvare)
>>  - remove consecutive blank lines (reported by Jean Delvare)
>> ---
>>  Documentation/i2c/index.rst | 59 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
>>  1 file changed, 48 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/index.rst b/Documentation/i2c/index.rst
>> index a0fbaf6d0675..f0f3b9c97abb 100644
>> --- a/Documentation/i2c/index.rst
>> +++ b/Documentation/i2c/index.rst
>> @@ -4,30 +4,67 @@
>>  I2C/SMBus Subsystem
>>  ===================
>>  
>> +Introduction
>> +============
>> +
>> +.. toctree::
>> +   :maxdepth: 1
>> +
>> +   summary
>> +   i2c-protocol
>> +   smbus-protocol
>> +   instantiating-devices
>> +   busses/index
>> +   i2c-topology
>> +   muxes/i2c-mux-gpio
>> +
>> +
> 
> You still have a double blank line here, not sure if this is intended?

It's not intended. Thanks for double checking!

I fixed this patch as well as patch 11. v3 on its way.

-- 
Luca

[PATCH v2 02/28] docs: i2c: summary: extend introduction

[Luca Ceresoli]

 - state the "official" name (I²C, not I2C, according to the spec) at
   the beginning but keep using the more practical I2C elsewhere
 - mention some known different names
 - add link to the specification document

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

---

Changes in v2:
 - clarify sentence (Jean Delvare)
---
 Documentation/i2c/summary.rst | 18 ++++++++++++------
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/summary.rst b/Documentation/i2c/summary.rst
index 3a24eac17375..dbab737d5075 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/summary.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/summary.rst
@@ -2,12 +2,18 @@
 I2C and SMBus
 =============
 
-I2C (pronounce: I squared C) is a protocol developed by Philips. It is a
-slow two-wire protocol (variable speed, up to 400 kHz), with a high speed
-extension (3.4 MHz).  It provides an inexpensive bus for connecting many
-types of devices with infrequent or low bandwidth communications needs.
-I2C is widely used with embedded systems.  Some systems use variants that
-don't meet branding requirements, and so are not advertised as being I2C.
+I²C (pronounce: I squared C and written I2C in the kernel documentation) is
+a protocol developed by Philips. It is a slow two-wire protocol (variable
+speed, up to 400 kHz), with a high speed extension (3.4 MHz).  It provides
+an inexpensive bus for connecting many types of devices with infrequent or
+low bandwidth communications needs.  I2C is widely used with embedded
+systems.  Some systems use variants that don't meet branding requirements,
+and so are not advertised as being I2C but come under different names,
+e.g. TWI (Two Wire Interface), IIC.
+
+The official I2C specification is the `"I2C-bus specification and user
+manual" (UM10204) <https://www.nxp.com/docs/en/user-guide/UM10204.pdf>`_
+published by NXP Semiconductors.
 
 SMBus (System Management Bus) is based on the I2C protocol, and is mostly
 a subset of I2C protocols and signaling.  Many I2C devices will work on an
-- 
2.25.0

Re: [PATCH v2 02/28] docs: i2c: summary: extend introduction

[Jean Delvare]

On Thu, 23 Jan 2020 14:50:37 +0100, Luca Ceresoli wrote:
>  - state the "official" name (I²C, not I2C, according to the spec) at
>    the beginning but keep using the more practical I2C elsewhere
>  - mention some known different names
>  - add link to the specification document
> 
> Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
> Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
> 
> ---
> 
> Changes in v2:
>  - clarify sentence (Jean Delvare)
> ---
>  Documentation/i2c/summary.rst | 18 ++++++++++++------
>  1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
> (...)

Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

-- 
Jean Delvare
SUSE L3 Support

[PATCH v2 03/28] docs: i2c: summary: rewrite the "terminology" section

[Luca Ceresoli]

This section, partly dating back to the pre-git era, is somewhat
unclear and partly incorrect. Rewrite it almost completely including a
reference figure, concise but precise definition of each term and the
paths where drivers are found. Particular care has been put in clarifying
the relation between adapter and algorithm, which has no correspondence
in the I2C spec terminology.

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

---

Changes in v2:
 - mention the drivers/i2c/algos/ directory when introducing algos
   (Jean Delvare)
---
 Documentation/i2c/i2c.svg     | 1341 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 Documentation/i2c/summary.rst |   36 +-
 2 files changed, 1363 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 Documentation/i2c/i2c.svg

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/i2c.svg b/Documentation/i2c/i2c.svg
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5979405ad1c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/i2c.svg
@@ -0,0 +1,1341 @@
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diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/summary.rst b/Documentation/i2c/summary.rst
index dbab737d5075..09f73a608e25 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/summary.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/summary.rst
@@ -31,21 +31,29 @@ implement all the common SMBus protocol semantics or messages.
 Terminology
 ===========
 
-When we talk about I2C, we use the following terms::
+Using the terminology from the official documentation, the I2C bus connects
+one or more *master* chips and one or more *slave* chips.
 
-  Bus    -> Algorithm
-            Adapter
-  Device -> Driver
-            Client
+.. kernel-figure::  i2c.svg
+   :alt:    Simple I2C bus with one master and 3 slaves
 
-An Algorithm driver contains general code that can be used for a whole class
-of I2C adapters. Each specific adapter driver either depends on one algorithm
-driver, or includes its own implementation.
+   Simple I2C bus
 
-A Driver driver (yes, this sounds ridiculous, sorry) contains the general
-code to access some type of device. Each detected device gets its own
-data in the Client structure. Usually, Driver and Client are more closely
-integrated than Algorithm and Adapter.
+A **master** chip is a node that starts communications with slaves. In the
+Linux kernel implementation it is called an **adapter** or bus. Adapter
+drivers are in the ``drivers/i2c/busses/`` subdirectory.
 
-For a given configuration, you will need a driver for your I2C bus, and
-drivers for your I2C devices (usually one driver for each device).
+An **algorithm** contains general code that can be used to implement a
+whole class of I2C adapters. Each specific adapter driver either depends on
+an algorithm driver in the ``drivers/i2c/algos/`` subdirectory, or includes
+its own implementation.
+
+A **slave** chip is a node that responds to communications when addressed
+by the master. In Linux it is called a **client**. Client drivers are kept
+in a directory specific to the feature they provide, for example
+``drivers/media/gpio/`` for GPIO expanders and ``drivers/media/i2c/`` for
+video-related chips.
+
+For the example configuration in figure, you will need a driver for your
+I2C adapter, and drivers for your I2C devices (usually one driver for each
+device).
-- 
2.25.0

Re: [PATCH v2 03/28] docs: i2c: summary: rewrite the "terminology" section

[Jean Delvare]

On Thu, 23 Jan 2020 14:50:38 +0100, Luca Ceresoli wrote:
> This section, partly dating back to the pre-git era, is somewhat
> unclear and partly incorrect. Rewrite it almost completely including a
> reference figure, concise but precise definition of each term and the
> paths where drivers are found. Particular care has been put in clarifying
> the relation between adapter and algorithm, which has no correspondence
> in the I2C spec terminology.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
> Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
> 
> ---
> 
> Changes in v2:
>  - mention the drivers/i2c/algos/ directory when introducing algos
>    (Jean Delvare)
> ---
>  Documentation/i2c/i2c.svg     | 1341 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  Documentation/i2c/summary.rst |   36 +-
>  2 files changed, 1363 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)
>  create mode 100644 Documentation/i2c/i2c.svg
> (...)

Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

-- 
Jean Delvare
SUSE L3 Support

[PATCH v2 04/28] docs: i2c: call it "I2C" consistently

[Luca Ceresoli]

Uppercase "I2C" is used almost everywhere in the docs, but the lowercase
version "i2c" is used somewhere. Use the uppercase form consistently.

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Acked-by: Peter Rosin <peda@axentia.se>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
---
 Documentation/i2c/dev-interface.rst         | 18 +++---
 Documentation/i2c/dma-considerations.rst    |  2 +-
 Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst          |  4 +-
 Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst          | 66 ++++++++++-----------
 Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst |  2 +-
 Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst |  6 +-
 Documentation/i2c/slave-interface.rst       |  4 +-
 Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst       |  4 +-
 8 files changed, 53 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/dev-interface.rst b/Documentation/i2c/dev-interface.rst
index 69c23a3c2b1b..c3717a87df12 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/dev-interface.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/dev-interface.rst
@@ -2,26 +2,26 @@
 I2C Device Interface
 ====================
 
-Usually, i2c devices are controlled by a kernel driver. But it is also
+Usually, I2C devices are controlled by a kernel driver. But it is also
 possible to access all devices on an adapter from userspace, through
 the /dev interface. You need to load module i2c-dev for this.
 
-Each registered i2c adapter gets a number, counting from 0. You can
+Each registered I2C adapter gets a number, counting from 0. You can
 examine /sys/class/i2c-dev/ to see what number corresponds to which adapter.
 Alternatively, you can run "i2cdetect -l" to obtain a formatted list of all
-i2c adapters present on your system at a given time. i2cdetect is part of
+I2C adapters present on your system at a given time. i2cdetect is part of
 the i2c-tools package.
 
 I2C device files are character device files with major device number 89
 and a minor device number corresponding to the number assigned as
 explained above. They should be called "i2c-%d" (i2c-0, i2c-1, ...,
-i2c-10, ...). All 256 minor device numbers are reserved for i2c.
+i2c-10, ...). All 256 minor device numbers are reserved for I2C.
 
 
 C example
 =========
 
-So let's say you want to access an i2c adapter from a C program.
+So let's say you want to access an I2C adapter from a C program.
 First, you need to include these two headers::
 
   #include <linux/i2c-dev.h>
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ the device supports them. Both are illustrated below::
   /* Using SMBus commands */
   res = i2c_smbus_read_word_data(file, reg);
   if (res < 0) {
-    /* ERROR HANDLING: i2c transaction failed */
+    /* ERROR HANDLING: I2C transaction failed */
   } else {
     /* res contains the read word */
   }
@@ -79,12 +79,12 @@ the device supports them. Both are illustrated below::
   buf[1] = 0x43;
   buf[2] = 0x65;
   if (write(file, buf, 3) != 3) {
-    /* ERROR HANDLING: i2c transaction failed */
+    /* ERROR HANDLING: I2C transaction failed */
   }
 
   /* Using I2C Read, equivalent of i2c_smbus_read_byte(file) */
   if (read(file, buf, 1) != 1) {
-    /* ERROR HANDLING: i2c transaction failed */
+    /* ERROR HANDLING: I2C transaction failed */
   } else {
     /* buf[0] contains the read byte */
   }
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ The following IOCTLs are defined:
   If possible, use the provided ``i2c_smbus_*`` methods described below instead
   of issuing direct ioctls.
 
-You can do plain i2c transactions by using read(2) and write(2) calls.
+You can do plain I2C transactions by using read(2) and write(2) calls.
 You do not need to pass the address byte; instead, set it through
 ioctl I2C_SLAVE before you try to access the device.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/dma-considerations.rst b/Documentation/i2c/dma-considerations.rst
index 203002054120..142d52ce9ebb 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/dma-considerations.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/dma-considerations.rst
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 Linux I2C and DMA
 =================
 
-Given that i2c is a low-speed bus, over which the majority of messages
+Given that I2C is a low-speed bus, over which the majority of messages
 transferred are small, it is not considered a prime user of DMA access. At this
 time of writing, only 10% of I2C bus master drivers have DMA support
 implemented. And the vast majority of transactions are so small that setting up
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
index 2f8fcf671b2e..0222c97f3436 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 I2C Protocol
 ============
 
-This document describes the i2c protocol. Or will, when it is finished :-)
+This document describes the I2C protocol. Or will, when it is finished :-)
 
 Key to symbols
 ==============
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ Modified transactions
 =====================
 
 The following modifications to the I2C protocol can also be generated by
-setting these flags for i2c messages. With the exception of I2C_M_NOSTART, they
+setting these flags for I2C messages. With the exception of I2C_M_NOSTART, they
 are usually only needed to work around device issues:
 
 I2C_M_IGNORE_NAK:
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst
index 0c1ae95f6a97..0875090d6aeb 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 I2C topology
 ============
 
-There are a couple of reasons for building more complex i2c topologies
-than a straight-forward i2c bus with one adapter and one or more devices.
+There are a couple of reasons for building more complex I2C topologies
+than a straight-forward I2C bus with one adapter and one or more devices.
 
 1. A mux may be needed on the bus to prevent address collisions.
 
@@ -11,20 +11,20 @@ than a straight-forward i2c bus with one adapter and one or more devices.
    may be needed to determine if it is ok to access the bus.
 
 3. A device (particularly RF tuners) may want to avoid the digital noise
-   from the i2c bus, at least most of the time, and sits behind a gate
+   from the I2C bus, at least most of the time, and sits behind a gate
    that has to be operated before the device can be accessed.
 
 Etc
 ===
 
-These constructs are represented as i2c adapter trees by Linux, where
+These constructs are represented as I2C adapter trees by Linux, where
 each adapter has a parent adapter (except the root adapter) and zero or
 more child adapters. The root adapter is the actual adapter that issues
-i2c transfers, and all adapters with a parent are part of an "i2c-mux"
+I2C transfers, and all adapters with a parent are part of an "i2c-mux"
 object (quoted, since it can also be an arbitrator or a gate).
 
 Depending of the particular mux driver, something happens when there is
-an i2c transfer on one of its child adapters. The mux driver can
+an I2C transfer on one of its child adapters. The mux driver can
 obviously operate a mux, but it can also do arbitration with an external
 bus master or open a gate. The mux driver has two operations for this,
 select and deselect. select is called before the transfer and (the
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ optional) deselect is called after the transfer.
 Locking
 =======
 
-There are two variants of locking available to i2c muxes, they can be
+There are two variants of locking available to I2C muxes, they can be
 mux-locked or parent-locked muxes. As is evident from below, it can be
 useful to know if a mux is mux-locked or if it is parent-locked. The
 following list was correct at the time of writing:
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ In drivers/i2c/muxes/:
 i2c-arb-gpio-challenge    Parent-locked
 i2c-mux-gpio              Normally parent-locked, mux-locked iff
                           all involved gpio pins are controlled by the
-                          same i2c root adapter that they mux.
+                          same I2C root adapter that they mux.
 i2c-mux-gpmux             Normally parent-locked, mux-locked iff
                           specified in device-tree.
 i2c-mux-ltc4306           Mux-locked
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ i2c-mux-pca9541           Parent-locked
 i2c-mux-pca954x           Parent-locked
 i2c-mux-pinctrl           Normally parent-locked, mux-locked iff
                           all involved pinctrl devices are controlled
-                          by the same i2c root adapter that they mux.
+                          by the same I2C root adapter that they mux.
 i2c-mux-reg               Parent-locked
 ======================    =============================================
 
@@ -83,9 +83,9 @@ Mux-locked muxes
 Mux-locked muxes does not lock the entire parent adapter during the
 full select-transfer-deselect transaction, only the muxes on the parent
 adapter are locked. Mux-locked muxes are mostly interesting if the
-select and/or deselect operations must use i2c transfers to complete
+select and/or deselect operations must use I2C transfers to complete
 their tasks. Since the parent adapter is not fully locked during the
-full transaction, unrelated i2c transfers may interleave the different
+full transaction, unrelated I2C transfers may interleave the different
 stages of the transaction. This has the benefit that the mux driver
 may be easier and cleaner to implement, but it has some caveats.
 
@@ -109,14 +109,14 @@ ML2. It is not safe to build arbitrary topologies with two (or more)
 
 ML3. A mux-locked mux cannot be used by a driver for auto-closing
      gates/muxes, i.e. something that closes automatically after a given
-     number (one, in most cases) of i2c transfers. Unrelated i2c transfers
+     number (one, in most cases) of I2C transfers. Unrelated I2C transfers
      may creep in and close prematurely.
 
-ML4. If any non-i2c operation in the mux driver changes the i2c mux state,
+ML4. If any non-I2C operation in the mux driver changes the I2C mux state,
      the driver has to lock the root adapter during that operation.
      Otherwise garbage may appear on the bus as seen from devices
-     behind the mux, when an unrelated i2c transfer is in flight during
-     the non-i2c mux-changing operation.
+     behind the mux, when an unrelated I2C transfer is in flight during
+     the non-I2C mux-changing operation.
 ==== =====================================================================
 
 
@@ -137,14 +137,14 @@ Mux-locked Example
 
 When there is an access to D1, this happens:
 
- 1. Someone issues an i2c-transfer to D1.
+ 1. Someone issues an I2C-transfer to D1.
  2. M1 locks muxes on its parent (the root adapter in this case).
  3. M1 calls ->select to ready the mux.
- 4. M1 (presumably) does some i2c-transfers as part of its select.
-    These transfers are normal i2c-transfers that locks the parent
+ 4. M1 (presumably) does some I2C-transfers as part of its select.
+    These transfers are normal I2C-transfers that locks the parent
     adapter.
- 5. M1 feeds the i2c-transfer from step 1 to its parent adapter as a
-    normal i2c-transfer that locks the parent adapter.
+ 5. M1 feeds the I2C-transfer from step 1 to its parent adapter as a
+    normal I2C-transfer that locks the parent adapter.
  6. M1 calls ->deselect, if it has one.
  7. Same rules as in step 4, but for ->deselect.
  8. M1 unlocks muxes on its parent.
@@ -159,8 +159,8 @@ Parent-locked muxes
 
 Parent-locked muxes lock the parent adapter during the full select-
 transfer-deselect transaction. The implication is that the mux driver
-has to ensure that any and all i2c transfers through that parent
-adapter during the transaction are unlocked i2c transfers (using e.g.
+has to ensure that any and all I2C transfers through that parent
+adapter during the transaction are unlocked I2C transfers (using e.g.
 __i2c_transfer), or a deadlock will follow. There are a couple of
 caveats.
 
@@ -169,12 +169,12 @@ PL1. If you build a topology with a parent-locked mux being the child
      of another mux, this might break a possible assumption from the
      child mux that the root adapter is unused between its select op
      and the actual transfer (e.g. if the child mux is auto-closing
-     and the parent mux issus i2c-transfers as part of its select).
+     and the parent mux issus I2C-transfers as part of its select).
      This is especially the case if the parent mux is mux-locked, but
      it may also happen if the parent mux is parent-locked.
 
 PL2. If select/deselect calls out to other subsystems such as gpio,
-     pinctrl, regmap or iio, it is essential that any i2c transfers
+     pinctrl, regmap or iio, it is essential that any I2C transfers
      caused by these subsystems are unlocked. This can be convoluted to
      accomplish, maybe even impossible if an acceptably clean solution
      is sought.
@@ -197,15 +197,15 @@ Parent-locked Example
 
 When there is an access to D1, this happens:
 
- 1.  Someone issues an i2c-transfer to D1.
+ 1.  Someone issues an I2C-transfer to D1.
  2.  M1 locks muxes on its parent (the root adapter in this case).
  3.  M1 locks its parent adapter.
  4.  M1 calls ->select to ready the mux.
- 5.  If M1 does any i2c-transfers (on this root adapter) as part of
-     its select, those transfers must be unlocked i2c-transfers so
+ 5.  If M1 does any I2C-transfers (on this root adapter) as part of
+     its select, those transfers must be unlocked I2C-transfers so
      that they do not deadlock the root adapter.
- 6.  M1 feeds the i2c-transfer from step 1 to the root adapter as an
-     unlocked i2c-transfer, so that it does not deadlock the parent
+ 6.  M1 feeds the I2C-transfer from step 1 to the root adapter as an
+     unlocked I2C-transfer, so that it does not deadlock the parent
      adapter.
  7.  M1 calls ->deselect, if it has one.
  8.  Same rules as in step 5, but for ->deselect.
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ and specifically when M2 requests its parent to lock, M1 passes
 the buck to the root adapter).
 
 This topology is bad if M2 is an auto-closing mux and M1->select
-issues any unlocked i2c transfers on the root adapter that may leak
+issues any unlocked I2C transfers on the root adapter that may leak
 through and be seen by the M2 adapter, thus closing M2 prematurely.
 
 
@@ -286,14 +286,14 @@ point.
 
 This kind of topology is generally not suitable and should probably
 be avoided. The reason is that M2 probably assumes that there will
-be no i2c transfers during its calls to ->select and ->deselect, and
+be no I2C transfers during its calls to ->select and ->deselect, and
 if there are, any such transfers might appear on the slave side of M2
-as partial i2c transfers, i.e. garbage or worse. This might cause
+as partial I2C transfers, i.e. garbage or worse. This might cause
 device lockups and/or other problems.
 
 The topology is especially troublesome if M2 is an auto-closing
 mux. In that case, any interleaved accesses to D4 might close M2
-prematurely, as might any i2c-transfers part of M1->select.
+prematurely, as might any I2C-transfers part of M1->select.
 
 But if M2 is not making the above stated assumption, and if M2 is not
 auto-closing, the topology is fine.
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst b/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst
index b7b90b1b82f9..53244e2f0378 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ destroyed automatically when the driver which detected them is removed,
 or when the underlying I2C bus is itself destroyed, whichever happens
 first.
 
-Those of you familiar with the i2c subsystem of 2.4 kernels and early 2.6
+Those of you familiar with the I2C subsystem of 2.4 kernels and early 2.6
 kernels will find out that this method 3 is essentially similar to what
 was done there. Two significant differences are:
 
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst b/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst
index a1939512ad66..78a6950e5763 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst
@@ -2,14 +2,14 @@
 I2C device driver binding control from user-space
 =================================================
 
-Up to kernel 2.6.32, many i2c drivers used helper macros provided by
+Up to kernel 2.6.32, many I2C drivers used helper macros provided by
 <linux/i2c.h> which created standard module parameters to let the user
-control how the driver would probe i2c buses and attach to devices. These
+control how the driver would probe I2C buses and attach to devices. These
 parameters were known as "probe" (to let the driver probe for an extra
 address), "force" (to forcibly attach the driver to a given device) and
 "ignore" (to prevent a driver from probing a given address).
 
-With the conversion of the i2c subsystem to the standard device driver
+With the conversion of the I2C subsystem to the standard device driver
 binding model, it became clear that these per-module parameters were no
 longer needed, and that a centralized implementation was possible. The new,
 sysfs-based interface is described in the documentation file
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/slave-interface.rst b/Documentation/i2c/slave-interface.rst
index c769bd6a15bf..82ea3e1d6fe4 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/slave-interface.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/slave-interface.rst
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ The bus driver sends an event to the backend using the following function::
 
 	ret = i2c_slave_event(client, event, &val)
 
-'client' describes the i2c slave device. 'event' is one of the special event
+'client' describes the I2C slave device. 'event' is one of the special event
 types described hereafter. 'val' holds an u8 value for the data byte to be
 read/written and is thus bidirectional. The pointer to val must always be
 provided even if val is not used for an event, i.e. don't use NULL here. 'ret'
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ Bus driver support
 If you want to add slave support to the bus driver:
 
 * implement calls to register/unregister the slave and add those to the
-  struct i2c_algorithm. When registering, you probably need to set the i2c
+  struct i2c_algorithm. When registering, you probably need to set the I2C
   slave address and enable slave specific interrupts. If you use runtime pm, you
   should use pm_runtime_get_sync() because your device usually needs to be
   powered on always to be able to detect its slave address. When unregistering,
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst b/Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst
index 0336909ca01b..44d97b2c9a82 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ to gather information from the client, or write new information to the
 client.
 
 I have found it useful to define foo_read and foo_write functions for this.
-For some cases, it will be easier to call the i2c functions directly,
+For some cases, it will be easier to call the I2C functions directly,
 but many chips have some kind of register-value idea that can easily
 be encapsulated.
 
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ Plain I2C communication
 	int i2c_master_recv(struct i2c_client *client, char *buf, int count);
 
 These routines read and write some bytes from/to a client. The client
-contains the i2c address, so you do not have to include it. The second
+contains the I2C address, so you do not have to include it. The second
 parameter contains the bytes to read/write, the third the number of bytes
 to read/write (must be less than the length of the buffer, also should be
 less than 64k since msg.len is u16.) Returned is the actual number of bytes
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 05/28] docs: i2c: fix typo

[Luca Ceresoli]

Fix "issus" -> "issues".

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Acked-by: Peter Rosin <peda@axentia.se>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
---
 Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst
index 0875090d6aeb..b413ef6a6773 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ PL1. If you build a topology with a parent-locked mux being the child
      of another mux, this might break a possible assumption from the
      child mux that the root adapter is unused between its select op
      and the actual transfer (e.g. if the child mux is auto-closing
-     and the parent mux issus I2C-transfers as part of its select).
+     and the parent mux issues I2C-transfers as part of its select).
      This is especially the case if the parent mux is mux-locked, but
      it may also happen if the parent mux is parent-locked.
 
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 06/28] docs: i2c: replace "I2C-transfer" -> "I2C transfer" consistently

[Luca Ceresoli]

"I2C transfer" is a legitimate english sentence, no need for a hyphen
between the two words, as as such it is used in most of the
documentation. Remove the hyphen in the few places where it is present.

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Acked-by: Peter Rosin <peda@axentia.se>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
---
 Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst | 24 ++++++++++++------------
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst
index b413ef6a6773..2a18b53e3508 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst
@@ -137,14 +137,14 @@ Mux-locked Example
 
 When there is an access to D1, this happens:
 
- 1. Someone issues an I2C-transfer to D1.
+ 1. Someone issues an I2C transfer to D1.
  2. M1 locks muxes on its parent (the root adapter in this case).
  3. M1 calls ->select to ready the mux.
- 4. M1 (presumably) does some I2C-transfers as part of its select.
-    These transfers are normal I2C-transfers that locks the parent
+ 4. M1 (presumably) does some I2C transfers as part of its select.
+    These transfers are normal I2C transfers that locks the parent
     adapter.
- 5. M1 feeds the I2C-transfer from step 1 to its parent adapter as a
-    normal I2C-transfer that locks the parent adapter.
+ 5. M1 feeds the I2C transfer from step 1 to its parent adapter as a
+    normal I2C transfer that locks the parent adapter.
  6. M1 calls ->deselect, if it has one.
  7. Same rules as in step 4, but for ->deselect.
  8. M1 unlocks muxes on its parent.
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ PL1. If you build a topology with a parent-locked mux being the child
      of another mux, this might break a possible assumption from the
      child mux that the root adapter is unused between its select op
      and the actual transfer (e.g. if the child mux is auto-closing
-     and the parent mux issues I2C-transfers as part of its select).
+     and the parent mux issues I2C transfers as part of its select).
      This is especially the case if the parent mux is mux-locked, but
      it may also happen if the parent mux is parent-locked.
 
@@ -197,15 +197,15 @@ Parent-locked Example
 
 When there is an access to D1, this happens:
 
- 1.  Someone issues an I2C-transfer to D1.
+ 1.  Someone issues an I2C transfer to D1.
  2.  M1 locks muxes on its parent (the root adapter in this case).
  3.  M1 locks its parent adapter.
  4.  M1 calls ->select to ready the mux.
- 5.  If M1 does any I2C-transfers (on this root adapter) as part of
-     its select, those transfers must be unlocked I2C-transfers so
+ 5.  If M1 does any I2C transfers (on this root adapter) as part of
+     its select, those transfers must be unlocked I2C transfers so
      that they do not deadlock the root adapter.
- 6.  M1 feeds the I2C-transfer from step 1 to the root adapter as an
-     unlocked I2C-transfer, so that it does not deadlock the parent
+ 6.  M1 feeds the I2C transfer from step 1 to the root adapter as an
+     unlocked I2C transfer, so that it does not deadlock the parent
      adapter.
  7.  M1 calls ->deselect, if it has one.
  8.  Same rules as in step 5, but for ->deselect.
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ device lockups and/or other problems.
 
 The topology is especially troublesome if M2 is an auto-closing
 mux. In that case, any interleaved accesses to D4 might close M2
-prematurely, as might any I2C-transfers part of M1->select.
+prematurely, as might any I2C transfers part of M1->select.
 
 But if M2 is not making the above stated assumption, and if M2 is not
 auto-closing, the topology is fine.
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 07/28] docs: i2c: i2c-protocol: fix kernel-doc function syntax

[Luca Ceresoli]

This clarifies these are functions and adds a hyperlink to the function
documentation.

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
---
 Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
index 0222c97f3436..f289d7759a51 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Count (8 bits): A data byte containing the length of a block operation.
 Simple send transaction
 =======================
 
-This corresponds to i2c_master_send::
+This corresponds to i2c_master_send()::
 
   S Addr Wr [A] Data [A] Data [A] ... [A] Data [A] P
 
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ This corresponds to i2c_master_send::
 Simple receive transaction
 ==========================
 
-This corresponds to i2c_master_recv::
+This corresponds to i2c_master_recv()::
 
   S Addr Rd [A] [Data] A [Data] A ... A [Data] NA P
 
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ This corresponds to i2c_master_recv::
 Combined transactions
 =====================
 
-This corresponds to i2c_transfer
+This corresponds to i2c_transfer().
 
 They are just like the above transactions, but instead of a stop bit P
 a start bit S is sent and the transaction continues. An example of
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 08/28] docs: i2c: i2c-protocol: properly name start and stop conditions

[Luca Ceresoli]

In I2C there is no such thing as a "start bit" or a "stop bit". Use the
proper naming: "start condition" and "stop condition".

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
---
 Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst | 15 ++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
index f289d7759a51..c090003f55ed 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ Key to symbols
 ==============
 
 =============== =============================================================
-S     (1 bit) : Start bit
-P     (1 bit) : Stop bit
+S             : Start condition
+P             : Stop condition
 Rd/Wr (1 bit) : Read/Write bit. Rd equals 1, Wr equals 0.
 A, NA (1 bit) : Accept and reverse accept bit.
 Addr  (7 bits): I2C 7 bit address. Note that this can be expanded as usual to
@@ -46,9 +46,9 @@ Combined transactions
 
 This corresponds to i2c_transfer().
 
-They are just like the above transactions, but instead of a stop bit P
-a start bit S is sent and the transaction continues. An example of
-a byte read, followed by a byte write::
+They are just like the above transactions, but instead of a stop
+condition P a start condition S is sent and the transaction continues.
+An example of a byte read, followed by a byte write::
 
   S Addr Rd [A] [Data] NA S Addr Wr [A] Data [A] P
 
@@ -77,8 +77,9 @@ I2C_M_NOSTART:
       S Addr Rd [A] [Data] NA Data [A] P
 
     If you set the I2C_M_NOSTART variable for the first partial message,
-    we do not generate Addr, but we do generate the startbit S. This will
-    probably confuse all other clients on your bus, so don't try this.
+    we do not generate Addr, but we do generate the start condition S.
+    This will probably confuse all other clients on your bus, so don't
+    try this.
 
     This is often used to gather transmits from multiple data buffers in
     system memory into something that appears as a single transfer to the
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 09/28] docs: i2c: i2c-protocol: remove unneeded colons from table

[Luca Ceresoli]

These colons are not needed: the columns already nicely separate the
symbols from their description. They are also inconsistently preceded by
whitespace.

Remove the colons completely to simplify and clean up.

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

---

Changes in v2:
 - fix typo in commit message (Jean Delvare)
---
 Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst | 18 +++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
index c090003f55ed..66adac3a5afd 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
@@ -8,19 +8,19 @@ Key to symbols
 ==============
 
 =============== =============================================================
-S             : Start condition
-P             : Stop condition
-Rd/Wr (1 bit) : Read/Write bit. Rd equals 1, Wr equals 0.
-A, NA (1 bit) : Accept and reverse accept bit.
-Addr  (7 bits): I2C 7 bit address. Note that this can be expanded as usual to
+S               Start condition
+P               Stop condition
+Rd/Wr (1 bit)   Read/Write bit. Rd equals 1, Wr equals 0.
+A, NA (1 bit)   Accept and reverse accept bit.
+Addr  (7 bits)  I2C 7 bit address. Note that this can be expanded as usual to
                 get a 10 bit I2C address.
-Comm  (8 bits): Command byte, a data byte which often selects a register on
+Comm  (8 bits)  Command byte, a data byte which often selects a register on
                 the device.
-Data  (8 bits): A plain data byte. Sometimes, I write DataLow, DataHigh
+Data  (8 bits)  A plain data byte. Sometimes, I write DataLow, DataHigh
                 for 16 bit data.
-Count (8 bits): A data byte containing the length of a block operation.
+Count (8 bits)  A data byte containing the length of a block operation.
 
-[..]:           Data sent by I2C device, as opposed to data sent by the
+[..]            Data sent by I2C device, as opposed to data sent by the
                 host adapter.
 =============== =============================================================
 
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 10/28] docs: i2c: i2c-protocol: use proper names for ACK and NACK

[Luca Ceresoli]

Use the proper ACK and NACK naming from the I2C specification instead of
"accept" and "reverse accept".

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
---
 Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
index 66adac3a5afd..9a4ac944cf9d 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ Key to symbols
 S               Start condition
 P               Stop condition
 Rd/Wr (1 bit)   Read/Write bit. Rd equals 1, Wr equals 0.
-A, NA (1 bit)   Accept and reverse accept bit.
+A, NA (1 bit)   Acknowledge (ACK) and Not Acknowledge (NACK) bit
 Addr  (7 bits)  I2C 7 bit address. Note that this can be expanded as usual to
                 get a 10 bit I2C address.
 Comm  (8 bits)  Command byte, a data byte which often selects a register on
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 11/28] docs: i2c: smbus: fix link syntax

[Luca Ceresoli]

Use the proper ReST syntax to generate a valid hyperlink.

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
---
 Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
index e30eb1d274c6..1600b09ec0be 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ a different protocol operation entirely.
 Each transaction type corresponds to a functionality flag. Before calling a
 transaction function, a device driver should always check (just once) for
 the corresponding functionality flag to ensure that the underlying I2C
-adapter supports the transaction in question. See
-<file:Documentation/i2c/functionality.rst> for the details.
+adapter supports the transaction in question. See :doc:`functionality` for
+the details.
 
 
 Key to symbols
-- 
2.25.0

Re: [PATCH v2 11/28] docs: i2c: smbus: fix link syntax

[Jean Delvare]

On Thu, 23 Jan 2020 14:50:46 +0100, Luca Ceresoli wrote:
> Use the proper ReST syntax to generate a valid hyperlink.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
> Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

Subject line is incorrect, it should have "smbus-protocol:" instead of
"smbus:" for consistency with the other patches.

Other than that this is still

Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

> ---
>  Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst | 4 ++--
>  1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
> index e30eb1d274c6..1600b09ec0be 100644
> --- a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
> +++ b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
> @@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ a different protocol operation entirely.
>  Each transaction type corresponds to a functionality flag. Before calling a
>  transaction function, a device driver should always check (just once) for
>  the corresponding functionality flag to ensure that the underlying I2C
> -adapter supports the transaction in question. See
> -<file:Documentation/i2c/functionality.rst> for the details.
> +adapter supports the transaction in question. See :doc:`functionality` for
> +the details.
>  
>  
>  Key to symbols


-- 
Jean Delvare
SUSE L3 Support

[PATCH v2 12/28] docs: i2c: smbus-protocol: properly name start and stop conditions

[Luca Ceresoli]

In I2C there is no such thing as a "start bit" or a "stop bit". Use the
proper naming: "start condition" and "stop condition".

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
---
 Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
index 1600b09ec0be..8510eeda1dd0 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ Key to symbols
 ==============
 
 =============== =============================================================
-S     (1 bit) : Start bit
-P     (1 bit) : Stop bit
+S             : Start condition
+P             : Stop condition
 Rd/Wr (1 bit) : Read/Write bit. Rd equals 1, Wr equals 0.
 A, NA (1 bit) : Accept and reverse accept bit.
 Addr  (7 bits): I2C 7 bit address. Note that this can be expanded as usual to
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 13/28] docs: i2c: smbus-protocol: remove unneeded colons from table

[Luca Ceresoli]

These colons are not needed: the columns already nicely separate the
symbols from their description. They are also inconsistently preceded by
whitespace.

Remove the colons completely to simplify and clean up.

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

---

Changes in v2:
 - fix typo in commit message (Jean Delvare)
---
 Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst | 18 +++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
index 8510eeda1dd0..fbadd4d25ad5 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
@@ -35,19 +35,19 @@ Key to symbols
 ==============
 
 =============== =============================================================
-S             : Start condition
-P             : Stop condition
-Rd/Wr (1 bit) : Read/Write bit. Rd equals 1, Wr equals 0.
-A, NA (1 bit) : Accept and reverse accept bit.
-Addr  (7 bits): I2C 7 bit address. Note that this can be expanded as usual to
+S               Start condition
+P               Stop condition
+Rd/Wr (1 bit)   Read/Write bit. Rd equals 1, Wr equals 0.
+A, NA (1 bit)   Accept and reverse accept bit.
+Addr  (7 bits)  I2C 7 bit address. Note that this can be expanded as usual to
                 get a 10 bit I2C address.
-Comm  (8 bits): Command byte, a data byte which often selects a register on
+Comm  (8 bits)  Command byte, a data byte which often selects a register on
                 the device.
-Data  (8 bits): A plain data byte. Sometimes, I write DataLow, DataHigh
+Data  (8 bits)  A plain data byte. Sometimes, I write DataLow, DataHigh
                 for 16 bit data.
-Count (8 bits): A data byte containing the length of a block operation.
+Count (8 bits)  A data byte containing the length of a block operation.
 
-[..]:           Data sent by I2C device, as opposed to data sent by the host
+[..]            Data sent by I2C device, as opposed to data sent by the host
                 adapter.
 =============== =============================================================
 
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 14/28] docs: i2c: smbus-protocol: use proper names for ACK and NACK

[Luca Ceresoli]

Use the proper ACK and NACK naming from the I2C specification instead of
"accept" and "reverse accept".

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
---
 Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
index fbadd4d25ad5..10c4a989982c 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ Key to symbols
 S               Start condition
 P               Stop condition
 Rd/Wr (1 bit)   Read/Write bit. Rd equals 1, Wr equals 0.
-A, NA (1 bit)   Accept and reverse accept bit.
+A, NA (1 bit)   Acknowledge (ACK) and Not Acknowledge (NACK) bit
 Addr  (7 bits)  I2C 7 bit address. Note that this can be expanded as usual to
                 get a 10 bit I2C address.
 Comm  (8 bits)  Command byte, a data byte which often selects a register on
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 15/28] docs: i2c: smbus-protocol: enable kernel-doc function syntax

[Luca Ceresoli]

Hyperlinks from function names are not generated in headings. Move them in
the plain text so they are rendered as clickable hyperlinks.

While there also remove an unneeded colon in a heading.

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

---

Changes in v2:
 - fix typo in commit message (Jean Delvare)
---
 Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst | 64 ++++++++++++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 42 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
index 10c4a989982c..997945e90419 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
@@ -62,8 +62,10 @@ This sends a single bit to the device, at the place of the Rd/Wr bit::
 Functionality flag: I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_QUICK
 
 
-SMBus Receive Byte:  i2c_smbus_read_byte()
-==========================================
+SMBus Receive Byte
+==================
+
+Implemented by i2c_smbus_read_byte()
 
 This reads a single byte from a device, without specifying a device
 register. Some devices are so simple that this interface is enough; for
@@ -75,8 +77,10 @@ the previous SMBus command::
 Functionality flag: I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_READ_BYTE
 
 
-SMBus Send Byte:  i2c_smbus_write_byte()
-========================================
+SMBus Send Byte
+===============
+
+Implemented by i2c_smbus_write_byte()
 
 This operation is the reverse of Receive Byte: it sends a single byte
 to a device.  See Receive Byte for more information.
@@ -88,8 +92,10 @@ to a device.  See Receive Byte for more information.
 Functionality flag: I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_WRITE_BYTE
 
 
-SMBus Read Byte:  i2c_smbus_read_byte_data()
-============================================
+SMBus Read Byte
+===============
+
+Implemented by i2c_smbus_read_byte_data()
 
 This reads a single byte from a device, from a designated register.
 The register is specified through the Comm byte::
@@ -99,8 +105,10 @@ The register is specified through the Comm byte::
 Functionality flag: I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_READ_BYTE_DATA
 
 
-SMBus Read Word:  i2c_smbus_read_word_data()
-============================================
+SMBus Read Word
+===============
+
+Implemented by i2c_smbus_read_word_data()
 
 This operation is very like Read Byte; again, data is read from a
 device, from a designated register that is specified through the Comm
@@ -115,8 +123,10 @@ available for reads where the two data bytes are the other way
 around (not SMBus compliant, but very popular.)
 
 
-SMBus Write Byte:  i2c_smbus_write_byte_data()
-==============================================
+SMBus Write Byte
+================
+
+Implemented by i2c_smbus_write_byte_data()
 
 This writes a single byte to a device, to a designated register. The
 register is specified through the Comm byte. This is the opposite of
@@ -129,8 +139,10 @@ the Read Byte operation.
 Functionality flag: I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_WRITE_BYTE_DATA
 
 
-SMBus Write Word:  i2c_smbus_write_word_data()
-==============================================
+SMBus Write Word
+================
+
+Implemented by i2c_smbus_write_word_data()
 
 This is the opposite of the Read Word operation. 16 bits
 of data is written to a device, to the designated register that is
@@ -145,8 +157,8 @@ available for writes where the two data bytes are the other way
 around (not SMBus compliant, but very popular.)
 
 
-SMBus Process Call:
-===================
+SMBus Process Call
+==================
 
 This command selects a device register (through the Comm byte), sends
 16 bits of data to it, and reads 16 bits of data in return::
@@ -157,8 +169,10 @@ This command selects a device register (through the Comm byte), sends
 Functionality flag: I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_PROC_CALL
 
 
-SMBus Block Read:  i2c_smbus_read_block_data()
-==============================================
+SMBus Block Read
+================
+
+Implemented by i2c_smbus_read_block_data()
 
 This command reads a block of up to 32 bytes from a device, from a
 designated register that is specified through the Comm byte. The amount
@@ -172,8 +186,10 @@ of data is specified by the device in the Count byte.
 Functionality flag: I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_READ_BLOCK_DATA
 
 
-SMBus Block Write:  i2c_smbus_write_block_data()
-================================================
+SMBus Block Write
+=================
+
+Implemented by i2c_smbus_write_block_data()
 
 The opposite of the Block Read command, this writes up to 32 bytes to
 a device, to a designated register that is specified through the
@@ -274,8 +290,10 @@ I2C block transactions do not limit the number of bytes transferred
 but the SMBus layer places a limit of 32 bytes.
 
 
-I2C Block Read:  i2c_smbus_read_i2c_block_data()
-================================================
+I2C Block Read
+==============
+
+Implemented by i2c_smbus_read_i2c_block_data()
 
 This command reads a block of bytes from a device, from a
 designated register that is specified through the Comm byte::
@@ -286,8 +304,10 @@ designated register that is specified through the Comm byte::
 Functionality flag: I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_READ_I2C_BLOCK
 
 
-I2C Block Write:  i2c_smbus_write_i2c_block_data()
-==================================================
+I2C Block Write
+===============
+
+Implemented by i2c_smbus_write_i2c_block_data()
 
 The opposite of the Block Read command, this writes bytes to
 a device, to a designated register that is specified through the
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 16/28] docs: i2c: smbus-protocol: fix kernel-doc function syntax

[Luca Ceresoli]

This clarifies these are functions (and would/will adds a hyperlink to the
function documentation if/when documented).

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
---
 Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
index 997945e90419..3c0fb3a2044d 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ byte. But this time, the data is a complete word (16 bits)::
 
 Functionality flag: I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_READ_WORD_DATA
 
-Note the convenience function i2c_smbus_read_word_swapped is
+Note the convenience function i2c_smbus_read_word_swapped() is
 available for reads where the two data bytes are the other way
 around (not SMBus compliant, but very popular.)
 
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ specified through the Comm byte.::
 
 Functionality flag: I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_WRITE_WORD_DATA
 
-Note the convenience function i2c_smbus_write_word_swapped is
+Note the convenience function i2c_smbus_write_word_swapped() is
 available for writes where the two data bytes are the other way
 around (not SMBus compliant, but very popular.)
 
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 17/28] docs: i2c: smbus-protocol: fix typo

[Luca Ceresoli]

The subject is plural, fix the verb.

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

---

Changes in v2:
 - fix subject line (Jean Delvare)
---
 Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
index 3c0fb3a2044d..de7285de5e93 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ SMBus Write Word
 Implemented by i2c_smbus_write_word_data()
 
 This is the opposite of the Read Word operation. 16 bits
-of data is written to a device, to the designated register that is
+of data are written to a device, to the designated register that is
 specified through the Comm byte.::
 
   S Addr Wr [A] Comm [A] DataLow [A] DataHigh [A] P
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 18/28] docs: i2c: smbus-protocol: fix punctuation

[Luca Ceresoli]

Remove misplaced dot before colon.

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

---

Changes in v2:
 - fix subject line (Jean Delvare)
---
 Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
index de7285de5e93..7350e4b2c2fa 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ Implemented by i2c_smbus_write_word_data()
 
 This is the opposite of the Read Word operation. 16 bits
 of data are written to a device, to the designated register that is
-specified through the Comm byte.::
+specified through the Comm byte::
 
   S Addr Wr [A] Comm [A] DataLow [A] DataHigh [A] P
 
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 19/28] docs: i2c: smbus-protocol: improve I2C Block transactions description

[Luca Ceresoli]

Clarify from the beginning what these transactions are, and specifically
how they differ from the SMBus counterparts, i.e. the lack of a Count byte.

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
---
 Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst | 7 ++++---
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
index 7350e4b2c2fa..0edaf6069ac1 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
@@ -282,9 +282,10 @@ This is implemented the following way in the Linux kernel:
 I2C Block Transactions
 ======================
 
-The following I2C block transactions are supported by the
-SMBus layer and are described here for completeness.
-They are *NOT* defined by the SMBus specification.
+The following I2C block transactions are similar to the SMBus Block Read
+and Write operations, except these do not have a Count byte. They are
+supported by the SMBus layer and are described here for completeness, but
+they are *NOT* defined by the SMBus specification.
 
 I2C block transactions do not limit the number of bytes transferred
 but the SMBus layer places a limit of 32 bytes.
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 20/28] docs: i2c: instantiating-devices: fix internal hyperlink

[Luca Ceresoli]

Use ReST syntax so that a proper hyperlink is generated.

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

---

Changes in v2:
 - remove space before dot (Jean Delvare)
---
 Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst b/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst
index 53244e2f0378..e823c4ad4e7f 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ Method 1c: Declare the I2C devices via ACPI
 -------------------------------------------
 
 ACPI can also describe I2C devices. There is special documentation for this
-which is currently located at Documentation/firmware-guide/acpi/enumeration.rst.
+which is currently located at :doc:`../firmware-guide/acpi/enumeration`.
 
 
 Method 2: Instantiate the devices explicitly
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 21/28] docs: i2c: instantiating-devices: rearrange static instatiation

[Luca Ceresoli]

Among the "static" instantiation methods the "board file" method is
described first. Move it as last, since it is being replaced by the other
methods.

Also fix subsubsection heading syntax and remove the "Method 1[abc]"
prefix as the subsubsection structure clarifies the logical hierarchy.

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

---

Changes in v2:
 - add clarifying commas, make empty lines consistent (Jean Delvare)
---
 Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst | 97 ++++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 54 insertions(+), 43 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst b/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst
index e823c4ad4e7f..665bf00792ba 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst
@@ -9,54 +9,27 @@ reason, the kernel code must instantiate I2C devices explicitly. There are
 several ways to achieve this, depending on the context and requirements.
 
 
-Method 1a: Declare the I2C devices by bus number
-------------------------------------------------
+Method 1: Declare the I2C devices statically
+--------------------------------------------
 
 This method is appropriate when the I2C bus is a system bus as is the case
-for many embedded systems. On such systems, each I2C bus has a number
-which is known in advance. It is thus possible to pre-declare the I2C
-devices which live on this bus. This is done with an array of struct
-i2c_board_info which is registered by calling i2c_register_board_info().
+for many embedded systems. On such systems, each I2C bus has a number which
+is known in advance. It is thus possible to pre-declare the I2C devices
+which live on this bus.
 
-Example (from omap2 h4)::
+This information is provided to the kernel in a different way on different
+architectures: device tree, ACPI or board files.
 
-  static struct i2c_board_info h4_i2c_board_info[] __initdata = {
-	{
-		I2C_BOARD_INFO("isp1301_omap", 0x2d),
-		.irq		= OMAP_GPIO_IRQ(125),
-	},
-	{	/* EEPROM on mainboard */
-		I2C_BOARD_INFO("24c01", 0x52),
-		.platform_data	= &m24c01,
-	},
-	{	/* EEPROM on cpu card */
-		I2C_BOARD_INFO("24c01", 0x57),
-		.platform_data	= &m24c01,
-	},
-  };
-
-  static void __init omap_h4_init(void)
-  {
-	(...)
-	i2c_register_board_info(1, h4_i2c_board_info,
-			ARRAY_SIZE(h4_i2c_board_info));
-	(...)
-  }
-
-The above code declares 3 devices on I2C bus 1, including their respective
-addresses and custom data needed by their drivers. When the I2C bus in
-question is registered, the I2C devices will be instantiated automatically
-by i2c-core.
+When the I2C bus in question is registered, the I2C devices will be
+instantiated automatically by i2c-core. The devices will be automatically
+unbound and destroyed when the I2C bus they sit on goes away (if ever).
 
-The devices will be automatically unbound and destroyed when the I2C bus
-they sit on goes away (if ever.)
 
+Declare the I2C devices via devicetree
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-Method 1b: Declare the I2C devices via devicetree
--------------------------------------------------
-
-This method has the same implications as method 1a. The declaration of I2C
-devices is here done via devicetree as subnodes of the master controller.
+On platforms using devicetree, the declaration of I2C devices is done in
+subnodes of the master controller.
 
 Example::
 
@@ -82,13 +55,51 @@ additional properties which might be needed to set up the device, please refer
 to its devicetree documentation in Documentation/devicetree/bindings/.
 
 
-Method 1c: Declare the I2C devices via ACPI
--------------------------------------------
+Declare the I2C devices via ACPI
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 ACPI can also describe I2C devices. There is special documentation for this
 which is currently located at :doc:`../firmware-guide/acpi/enumeration`.
 
 
+Declare the I2C devices in board files
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+In many embedded architectures, devicetree has replaced the old hardware
+description based on board files, but the latter are still used in old
+code. Instantiating I2C devices via board files is done with an array of
+struct i2c_board_info which is registered by calling
+i2c_register_board_info().
+
+Example (from omap2 h4)::
+
+  static struct i2c_board_info h4_i2c_board_info[] __initdata = {
+	{
+		I2C_BOARD_INFO("isp1301_omap", 0x2d),
+		.irq		= OMAP_GPIO_IRQ(125),
+	},
+	{	/* EEPROM on mainboard */
+		I2C_BOARD_INFO("24c01", 0x52),
+		.platform_data	= &m24c01,
+	},
+	{	/* EEPROM on cpu card */
+		I2C_BOARD_INFO("24c01", 0x57),
+		.platform_data	= &m24c01,
+	},
+  };
+
+  static void __init omap_h4_init(void)
+  {
+	(...)
+	i2c_register_board_info(1, h4_i2c_board_info,
+			ARRAY_SIZE(h4_i2c_board_info));
+	(...)
+  }
+
+The above code declares 3 devices on I2C bus 1, including their respective
+addresses and custom data needed by their drivers.
+
+
 Method 2: Instantiate the devices explicitly
 --------------------------------------------
 
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 22/28] docs: i2c: instantiating-devices: use monospace for sysfs attributes

[Luca Ceresoli]

Use a monospace (literal) formatting for better readability of sysfs
attributes.

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

---

Changes in v2:
 - reword commit message to not mention filenames
---
 Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst | 14 +++++++-------
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst b/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst
index 665bf00792ba..e558e0a77e0c 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/instantiating-devices.rst
@@ -225,15 +225,15 @@ In general, the kernel should know which I2C devices are connected and
 what addresses they live at. However, in certain cases, it does not, so a
 sysfs interface was added to let the user provide the information. This
 interface is made of 2 attribute files which are created in every I2C bus
-directory: new_device and delete_device. Both files are write only and you
-must write the right parameters to them in order to properly instantiate,
-respectively delete, an I2C device.
+directory: ``new_device`` and ``delete_device``. Both files are write
+only and you must write the right parameters to them in order to properly
+instantiate, respectively delete, an I2C device.
 
-File new_device takes 2 parameters: the name of the I2C device (a string)
-and the address of the I2C device (a number, typically expressed in
-hexadecimal starting with 0x, but can also be expressed in decimal.)
+File ``new_device`` takes 2 parameters: the name of the I2C device (a
+string) and the address of the I2C device (a number, typically expressed
+in hexadecimal starting with 0x, but can also be expressed in decimal.)
 
-File delete_device takes a single parameter: the address of the I2C
+File ``delete_device`` takes a single parameter: the address of the I2C
 device. As no two devices can live at the same address on a given I2C
 segment, the address is sufficient to uniquely identify the device to be
 deleted.
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 23/28] docs: i2c: old-module-parameters: fix internal hyperlink

[Luca Ceresoli]

Use ReST syntax so that a proper hyperlink is generated.

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

---

Changes in v2:
 - re-add the reference to the section (Jean Delvare)
---
 Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst b/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst
index 78a6950e5763..1a18e2b0f593 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ address), "force" (to forcibly attach the driver to a given device) and
 With the conversion of the I2C subsystem to the standard device driver
 binding model, it became clear that these per-module parameters were no
 longer needed, and that a centralized implementation was possible. The new,
-sysfs-based interface is described in the documentation file
-"instantiating-devices", section "Method 4: Instantiate from user-space".
+sysfs-based interface is described in :doc:`instantiating-devices`, section
+"Method 4: Instantiate from user-space".
 
 Below is a mapping from the old module parameters to the new interface.
 
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 24/28] docs: i2c: old-module-parameters: clarify this is for obsolete kernels

[Luca Ceresoli]

This section applies only to code for very old kernels. Avoid people
reading this unnecessarily.

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
---
 Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst | 5 +++++
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst b/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst
index 1a18e2b0f593..92a403d21a62 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst
@@ -2,6 +2,11 @@
 I2C device driver binding control from user-space
 =================================================
 
+.. NOTE::
+   Note: this section is only relevant if you are handling some old code
+   found in kernel 2.6. If you work with more recent kernels, you can
+   safely skip this section.
+
 Up to kernel 2.6.32, many I2C drivers used helper macros provided by
 <linux/i2c.h> which created standard module parameters to let the user
 control how the driver would probe I2C buses and attach to devices. These
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 25/28] docs: i2c: old-module-parameters: use monospace instead of ""

[Luca Ceresoli]

Use a monospace (literal) formatting for better readability of sysfs
attributes and the "dummy" client name. This looks much more readable in
ReST-generated output.

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

---

Changes in v2:
 - reword commit message to not mention filenames (Jean Delvare)
---
 Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst | 10 +++++-----
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst b/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst
index 92a403d21a62..3b93cb88eebc 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ I2C device driver binding control from user-space
 Up to kernel 2.6.32, many I2C drivers used helper macros provided by
 <linux/i2c.h> which created standard module parameters to let the user
 control how the driver would probe I2C buses and attach to devices. These
-parameters were known as "probe" (to let the driver probe for an extra
-address), "force" (to forcibly attach the driver to a given device) and
-"ignore" (to prevent a driver from probing a given address).
+parameters were known as ``probe`` (to let the driver probe for an extra
+address), ``force`` (to forcibly attach the driver to a given device) and
+``ignore`` (to prevent a driver from probing a given address).
 
 With the conversion of the I2C subsystem to the standard device driver
 binding model, it became clear that these per-module parameters were no
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ New method (sysfs interface)::
   # echo dummy 0x2f > /sys/bus/i2c/devices/i2c-1/new_device
   # modprobe <driver>
 
-Of course, it is important to instantiate the "dummy" device before loading
+Of course, it is important to instantiate the ``dummy`` device before loading
 the driver. The dummy device will be handled by i2c-core itself, preventing
 other drivers from binding to it later on. If there is a real device at the
 problematic address, and you want another driver to bind to it, then simply
-pass the name of the device in question instead of "dummy".
+pass the name of the device in question instead of ``dummy``.
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 26/28] docs: i2c: rename sections so the overall picture is clearer

[Luca Ceresoli]

Some of the section names are not very clear. Reading those names in the
index.rst page does not help much in grasping what the content is supposed
to be.

Rename those sections to clarify their content, especially when reading
the index page.

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Acked-by: Peter Rosin <peda@axentia.se>
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

---

Note: here checkpatch complains:

  WARNING: Missing or malformed SPDX-License-Identifier tag in line 1

Thas's because those files have no license line. I would gladly add a
proper license line, but what it the correct license here? Should I ask the
authors? GPLv2-only as the kernel default?

I'd appreciate a guidance here, thanks in advance.

---

Changes in v2:
 - summary.rst: "Introductions" -> "Introduction" (suggested by Jean Delvare)
---
 Documentation/i2c/dev-interface.rst         | 6 +++---
 Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst          | 6 +++---
 Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst          | 6 +++---
 Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst | 6 +++---
 Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst        | 6 +++---
 Documentation/i2c/summary.rst               | 6 +++---
 Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst       | 6 +++---
 7 files changed, 21 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/dev-interface.rst b/Documentation/i2c/dev-interface.rst
index c3717a87df12..bdb247f2f11a 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/dev-interface.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/dev-interface.rst
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-====================
-I2C Device Interface
-====================
+============================================
+Implementing I2C device drivers in userspace
+============================================
 
 Usually, I2C devices are controlled by a kernel driver. But it is also
 possible to access all devices on an adapter from userspace, through
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
index 9a4ac944cf9d..6aafc3880bce 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-============
-I2C Protocol
-============
+================
+The I2C Protocol
+================
 
 This document describes the I2C protocol. Or will, when it is finished :-)
 
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst
index 2a18b53e3508..7cb53819778e 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-topology.rst
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-============
-I2C topology
-============
+================================
+I2C muxes and complex topologies
+================================
 
 There are a couple of reasons for building more complex I2C topologies
 than a straight-forward I2C bus with one adapter and one or more devices.
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst b/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst
index 3b93cb88eebc..38e55829dee8 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/old-module-parameters.rst
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-=================================================
-I2C device driver binding control from user-space
-=================================================
+================================================================
+I2C device driver binding control from user-space in old kernels
+================================================================
 
 .. NOTE::
    Note: this section is only relevant if you are handling some old code
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
index 0edaf6069ac1..c122ed239f7f 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/smbus-protocol.rst
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-======================
-SMBus Protocol Summary
-======================
+==================
+The SMBus Protocol
+==================
 
 The following is a summary of the SMBus protocol. It applies to
 all revisions of the protocol (1.0, 1.1, and 2.0).
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/summary.rst b/Documentation/i2c/summary.rst
index 09f73a608e25..ce7230025b33 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/summary.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/summary.rst
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-=============
-I2C and SMBus
-=============
+=============================
+Introduction to I2C and SMBus
+=============================
 
 I²C (pronounce: I squared C and written I2C in the kernel documentation) is
 a protocol developed by Philips. It is a slow two-wire protocol (variable
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst b/Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst
index 44d97b2c9a82..82aa33c964d3 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-===================
-Writing I2C Clients
-===================
+===============================
+Implementing I2C device drivers
+===============================
 
 This is a small guide for those who want to write kernel drivers for I2C
 or SMBus devices, using Linux as the protocol host/master (not slave).
-- 
2.25.0

[PATCH v2 27/28] docs: i2c: i2c-protocol: use same wording as smbus-protocol

[Luca Ceresoli]

In smbus-protocol.rst we use the text "Implemented by" for the same meaning
as "This corresponds to". Change everything to "Implemented by" for
coherency.

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reported-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

---

This patch is new in v2.
---
 Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
index 6aafc3880bce..b2092f8f815d 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Count (8 bits)  A data byte containing the length of a block operation.
 Simple send transaction
 =======================
 
-This corresponds to i2c_master_send()::
+Implemented by i2c_master_send()::
 
   S Addr Wr [A] Data [A] Data [A] ... [A] Data [A] P
 
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ This corresponds to i2c_master_send()::
 Simple receive transaction
 ==========================
 
-This corresponds to i2c_master_recv()::
+Implemented by i2c_master_recv()::
 
   S Addr Rd [A] [Data] A [Data] A ... A [Data] NA P
 
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ This corresponds to i2c_master_recv()::
 Combined transactions
 =====================
 
-This corresponds to i2c_transfer().
+Implemented by i2c_transfer().
 
 They are just like the above transactions, but instead of a stop
 condition P a start condition S is sent and the transaction continues.
-- 
2.25.0

Re: [PATCH v2 27/28] docs: i2c: i2c-protocol: use same wording as smbus-protocol

[Jean Delvare]

On Thu, 23 Jan 2020 15:56:25 +0100, Luca Ceresoli wrote:
> In smbus-protocol.rst we use the text "Implemented by" for the same meaning
> as "This corresponds to". Change everything to "Implemented by" for
> coherency.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
> Reported-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
> 
> ---
> 
> This patch is new in v2.
> ---
>  Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst | 6 +++---
>  1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
> index 6aafc3880bce..b2092f8f815d 100644
> --- a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
> +++ b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
> @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Count (8 bits)  A data byte containing the length of a block operation.
>  Simple send transaction
>  =======================
>  
> -This corresponds to i2c_master_send()::
> +Implemented by i2c_master_send()::
>  
>    S Addr Wr [A] Data [A] Data [A] ... [A] Data [A] P
>  
> @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ This corresponds to i2c_master_send()::
>  Simple receive transaction
>  ==========================
>  
> -This corresponds to i2c_master_recv()::
> +Implemented by i2c_master_recv()::
>  
>    S Addr Rd [A] [Data] A [Data] A ... A [Data] NA P
>  
> @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ This corresponds to i2c_master_recv()::
>  Combined transactions
>  =====================
>  
> -This corresponds to i2c_transfer().
> +Implemented by i2c_transfer().
>  
>  They are just like the above transactions, but instead of a stop
>  condition P a start condition S is sent and the transaction continues.

Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

-- 
Jean Delvare
SUSE L3 Support

[PATCH v2 28/28] docs: i2c: writing-clients: properly name the stop condition

[Luca Ceresoli]

In I2C there is no such thing as a "stop bit". Use the proper naming: "stop
condition".

Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
Reported-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

---

This patch is new in v2.
---
 Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst b/Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst
index 82aa33c964d3..978cc8210bf3 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst
@@ -357,9 +357,9 @@ read/written.
 
 This sends a series of messages. Each message can be a read or write,
 and they can be mixed in any way. The transactions are combined: no
-stop bit is sent between transaction. The i2c_msg structure contains
-for each message the client address, the number of bytes of the message
-and the message data itself.
+stop condition is issued between transaction. The i2c_msg structure
+contains for each message the client address, the number of bytes of the
+message and the message data itself.
 
 You can read the file ``i2c-protocol`` for more information about the
 actual I2C protocol.
-- 
2.25.0

Re: [PATCH v2 28/28] docs: i2c: writing-clients: properly name the stop condition

[Jean Delvare]

On Thu, 23 Jan 2020 15:56:26 +0100, Luca Ceresoli wrote:
> In I2C there is no such thing as a "stop bit". Use the proper naming: "stop
> condition".
> 
> Signed-off-by: Luca Ceresoli <luca@lucaceresoli.net>
> Reported-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
> 
> ---
> 
> This patch is new in v2.
> ---
>  Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst | 6 +++---
>  1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst b/Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst
> index 82aa33c964d3..978cc8210bf3 100644
> --- a/Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst
> +++ b/Documentation/i2c/writing-clients.rst
> @@ -357,9 +357,9 @@ read/written.
>  
>  This sends a series of messages. Each message can be a read or write,
>  and they can be mixed in any way. The transactions are combined: no
> -stop bit is sent between transaction. The i2c_msg structure contains
> -for each message the client address, the number of bytes of the message
> -and the message data itself.
> +stop condition is issued between transaction. The i2c_msg structure
> +contains for each message the client address, the number of bytes of the
> +message and the message data itself.
>  
>  You can read the file ``i2c-protocol`` for more information about the
>  actual I2C protocol.

Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>

I have reviewed the whole v2 series, so any patch to which I did not
reply to retains my Reviewed-by tag.

Thanks Luca!

-- 
Jean Delvare
SUSE L3 Support