All of lore.kernel.org
 help / color / mirror / Atom feed
From: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
To: x86@kernel.org
Cc: hpa@zytor.com, Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>,
	Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>,
	Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>,
	Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom@vmware.com>,
	Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>,
	Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>,
	Tom Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@amd.com>,
	Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>,
	Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>,
	David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>,
	Cfir Cohen <cfir@google.com>, Erdem Aktas <erdemaktas@google.com>,
	Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>,
	Mike Stunes <mstunes@vmware.com>, Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>,
	Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>,
	linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, kvm@vger.kernel.org,
	virtualization@lists.linux-foundation.org
Subject: [PATCH v3 46/75] x86/sev-es: Shift #VC IST Stack in nmi_enter()/nmi_exit()
Date: Tue, 28 Apr 2020 17:16:56 +0200	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <20200428151725.31091-47-joro@8bytes.org> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20200428151725.31091-1-joro@8bytes.org>

From: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>

When an NMI hits in the #VC handler entry code before it shifted its IST
entry, then any subsequent #VC exception in the NMI code-path will
overwrite the interrupted #VC handlers stack.

Make sure this doesn't happen by  explicitly shifting the #VC IST entry
in the NMI handler for the time in can cause #VC exceptions.

Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
---
 arch/x86/include/asm/hardirq.h   | 14 ++++++++++++++
 arch/x86/include/asm/sev-es.h    |  2 ++
 arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets_64.c |  1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/nmi.c            |  1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/sev-es.c         | 21 +++++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 39 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/hardirq.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/hardirq.h
index 07533795b8d2..4920556dcbf8 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/hardirq.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/hardirq.h
@@ -80,4 +80,18 @@ static inline bool kvm_get_cpu_l1tf_flush_l1d(void)
 static inline void kvm_set_cpu_l1tf_flush_l1d(void) { }
 #endif /* IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KVM_INTEL) */
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_AMD_MEM_ENCRYPT
+
+#define arch_nmi_enter()		\
+	do {				\
+		sev_es_nmi_enter();	\
+	} while (0)
+
+#define arch_nmi_exit()			\
+	do {				\
+		sev_es_nmi_exit();	\
+	} while (0)
+
+#endif
+
 #endif /* _ASM_X86_HARDIRQ_H */
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/sev-es.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/sev-es.h
index 265da8351475..ca0e12cb089c 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/sev-es.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/sev-es.h
@@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ enum stack_type;
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_AMD_MEM_ENCRYPT
 const char *vc_stack_name(enum stack_type type);
+void sev_es_nmi_enter(void);
+void sev_es_nmi_exit(void);
 #else /* CONFIG_AMD_MEM_ENCRYPT */
 static inline const char *vc_stack_name(enum stack_type type)
 {
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets_64.c
index c2a47016f243..b8b57faed147 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets_64.c
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ int main(void)
 	OFFSET(TSS_ist, tss_struct, x86_tss.ist);
 	DEFINE(DB_STACK_OFFSET, offsetof(struct cea_exception_stacks, DB_stack) -
 	       offsetof(struct cea_exception_stacks, DB1_stack));
+	DEFINE(VC_STACK_OFFSET, sizeof(((struct cea_vmm_exception_stacks *)0)->stacks[0]));
 	BLANK();
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_STACKPROTECTOR
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/nmi.c b/arch/x86/kernel/nmi.c
index 6407ea21fa1b..27d1016ec840 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/nmi.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/nmi.c
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
 #include <asm/reboot.h>
 #include <asm/cache.h>
 #include <asm/nospec-branch.h>
+#include <asm/sev-es.h>
 
 #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
 #include <trace/events/nmi.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/sev-es.c b/arch/x86/kernel/sev-es.c
index dd60d24db3d0..a4fa7f351bf2 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/sev-es.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/sev-es.c
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 
+#include <generated/asm-offsets.h>
 #include <asm/cpu_entry_area.h>
 #include <asm/stacktrace.h>
 #include <asm/trap_defs.h>
@@ -49,6 +50,26 @@ struct sev_es_runtime_data {
 
 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct sev_es_runtime_data*, runtime_data);
 
+/*
+ * Shift/Unshift the IST entry for the #VC handler during
+ * nmi_enter()/nmi_exit().  This is needed when an NMI hits in the #VC handlers
+ * entry code before it has shifted its IST entry. This way #VC exceptions
+ * caused by the NMI handler are guaranteed to use a new stack.
+ */
+void sev_es_nmi_enter(void)
+{
+	struct tss_struct *tss = this_cpu_ptr(&cpu_tss_rw);
+
+	tss->x86_tss.ist[IST_INDEX_VC] -= VC_STACK_OFFSET;
+}
+
+void sev_es_nmi_exit(void)
+{
+	struct tss_struct *tss = this_cpu_ptr(&cpu_tss_rw);
+
+	tss->x86_tss.ist[IST_INDEX_VC] += VC_STACK_OFFSET;
+}
+
 /* Needed in vc_early_vc_forward_exception */
 void do_early_exception(struct pt_regs *regs, int trapnr);
 
-- 
2.17.1


  parent reply	other threads:[~2020-04-28 15:21 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 210+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2020-04-28 15:16 [PATCH v3 00/75] x86: SEV-ES Guest Support Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 01/75] KVM: SVM: Add GHCB definitions Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 02/75] KVM: SVM: Add GHCB Accessor functions Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 03/75] KVM: SVM: Use __packed shorthand Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-29 10:12   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 04/75] x86/cpufeatures: Add SEV-ES CPU feature Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 05/75] x86/traps: Move some definitions to <asm/trap_defs.h> Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 06/75] x86/insn: Make inat-tables.c suitable for pre-decompression code Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 07/75] x86/umip: Factor out instruction fetch Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 08/75] x86/umip: Factor out instruction decoding Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-30 16:31   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 09/75] x86/insn: Add insn_get_modrm_reg_off() Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 10/75] x86/insn: Add insn_rep_prefix() helper Joerg Roedel
2020-05-04  8:46   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 11/75] x86/boot/compressed/64: Disable red-zone usage Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 12/75] x86/boot/compressed/64: Switch to __KERNEL_CS after GDT is loaded Joerg Roedel
2020-05-04 10:41   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-05-04 11:27     ` Joerg Roedel
2020-05-04 18:30   ` [tip: x86/boot] " tip-bot2 for Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 13/75] x86/boot/compressed/64: Add IDT Infrastructure Joerg Roedel
2020-05-04 10:54   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-05-04 11:28     ` Joerg Roedel
2020-06-03  9:06       ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 14/75] x86/boot/compressed/64: Rename kaslr_64.c to ident_map_64.c Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 15/75] x86/boot/compressed/64: Add page-fault handler Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 16/75] x86/boot/compressed/64: Always switch to own page-table Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 17/75] x86/boot/compressed/64: Don't pre-map memory in KASLR code Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 18/75] x86/boot/compressed/64: Change add_identity_map() to take start and end Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 19/75] x86/boot/compressed/64: Add stage1 #VC handler Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-05-09  9:05   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 20/75] x86/boot/compressed/64: Call set_sev_encryption_mask earlier Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 21/75] x86/boot/compressed/64: Check return value of kernel_ident_mapping_init() Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 22/75] x86/boot/compressed/64: Add set_page_en/decrypted() helpers Joerg Roedel
2020-05-11 10:02   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 23/75] x86/boot/compressed/64: Setup GHCB Based VC Exception handler Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-05-11 20:07   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-06-03 10:08     ` Joerg Roedel
2020-05-12 18:11   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-05-12 21:08     ` Joerg Roedel
2020-05-13  8:59       ` Borislav Petkov
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 24/75] x86/boot/compressed/64: Unmap GHCB page before booting the kernel Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-05-13 11:13   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-05-13 11:30     ` Joerg Roedel
2020-05-13 11:46       ` Borislav Petkov
2020-06-03 10:40         ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 25/75] x86/sev-es: Add support for handling IOIO exceptions Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-05-13 17:58   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-05-16  7:57   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-06-03 14:19     ` Joerg Roedel
2020-05-20  6:20   ` Sean Christopherson
2020-06-03 14:23     ` Joerg Roedel
2020-06-03 23:07       ` Sean Christopherson
2020-06-04 10:15         ` Joerg Roedel
2020-06-04 10:15           ` Joerg Roedel
2020-06-04 14:59           ` Sean Christopherson
2020-06-04 14:59             ` Sean Christopherson
2020-06-11 10:03             ` Joerg Roedel
2020-06-11 10:03               ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 26/75] x86/fpu: Move xgetbv()/xsetbv() into separate header Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 27/75] x86/sev-es: Add CPUID handling to #VC handler Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 28/75] x86/idt: Move IDT to data segment Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 29/75] x86/idt: Split idt_data setup out of set_intr_gate() Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 30/75] x86/idt: Move two function from k/idt.c to i/a/desc.h Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 31/75] x86/head/64: Install boot GDT Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-05-18  8:23   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-06-04 11:48     ` Joerg Roedel
2020-06-04 14:13       ` Borislav Petkov
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 32/75] x86/head/64: Reload GDT after switch to virtual addresses Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 33/75] x86/head/64: Load segment registers earlier Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 34/75] x86/head/64: Switch to initial stack earlier Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 35/75] x86/head/64: Build k/head64.c with -fno-stack-protector Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-05-19  9:15   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-06-03 15:21     ` Joerg Roedel
2020-05-19 13:58   ` Brian Gerst
2020-05-19 13:58     ` Brian Gerst
2020-06-03 15:18     ` Joerg Roedel
2020-06-03 15:18       ` Joerg Roedel
2020-06-03 17:14       ` Brian Gerst
2020-06-03 17:14         ` Brian Gerst
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 36/75] x86/head/64: Load IDT earlier Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 37/75] x86/head/64: Move early exception dispatch to C code Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 38/75] x86/sev-es: Add SEV-ES Feature Detection Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-05-20  8:39   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-06-03 15:24     ` Joerg Roedel
2020-06-03 15:24       ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 39/75] x86/sev-es: Print SEV-ES info into kernel log Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 40/75] x86/sev-es: Compile early handler code into kernel image Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-05-20  9:14   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-06-04 11:54     ` Joerg Roedel
2020-06-04 15:19       ` Borislav Petkov
2020-06-11 10:05         ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 41/75] x86/sev-es: Setup early #VC handler Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 42/75] x86/sev-es: Setup GHCB based boot " Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-05-20 19:22   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-06-04 12:07     ` Joerg Roedel
2020-06-04 15:30       ` Borislav Petkov
2020-06-04 15:30         ` Borislav Petkov
2020-06-11 10:14         ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 43/75] x86/sev-es: Setup per-cpu GHCBs for the runtime handler Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-05-22  8:33   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-05-22  8:33     ` Borislav Petkov
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 44/75] x86/sev-es: Allocate and Map IST stacks for #VC handler Joerg Roedel
2020-05-22  9:49   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-05-22  9:49     ` Borislav Petkov
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 45/75] x86/dumpstack/64: Handle #VC exception stacks Joerg Roedel
2020-05-22 13:06   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-05-22 13:06     ` Borislav Petkov
2020-04-28 15:16 ` Joerg Roedel [this message]
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 47/75] x86/sev-es: Add Runtime #VC Exception Handler Joerg Roedel
2020-05-23  7:59   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-06-11 11:48     ` Joerg Roedel
2020-06-11 17:38       ` Sean Christopherson
2020-06-11 17:38         ` Sean Christopherson
2020-06-11 18:16         ` Joerg Roedel
2020-06-12 13:13       ` Borislav Petkov
2020-06-11 11:53     ` Joerg Roedel
2020-06-11 11:53       ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 48/75] x86/sev-es: Wire up existing #VC exit-code handlers Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:16 ` [PATCH v3 49/75] x86/sev-es: Handle instruction fetches from user-space Joerg Roedel
2020-05-23  9:23   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 50/75] x86/sev-es: Do not crash on #VC exceptions " Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 51/75] x86/sev-es: Handle MMIO events Joerg Roedel
2020-05-20  6:32   ` Sean Christopherson
2020-06-11 12:40     ` Joerg Roedel
2020-05-25  8:02   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 52/75] x86/sev-es: Handle MMIO String Instructions Joerg Roedel
2020-05-25  9:47   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 53/75] x86/sev-es: Handle MSR events Joerg Roedel
2020-05-25  9:53   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-05-25  9:53     ` Borislav Petkov
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 54/75] x86/sev-es: Handle DR7 read/write events Joerg Roedel
2020-05-25 10:59   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-06-11 13:06     ` Joerg Roedel
2020-06-11 13:06       ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 55/75] x86/sev-es: Handle WBINVD Events Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 56/75] x86/sev-es: Handle RDTSC(P) Events Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 57/75] x86/sev-es: Handle RDPMC Events Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 58/75] x86/sev-es: Handle INVD Events Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 59/75] x86/sev-es: Handle MONITOR/MONITORX Events Joerg Roedel
2020-05-20  6:38   ` Sean Christopherson
2020-06-11 13:10     ` Joerg Roedel
2020-06-11 17:13       ` Sean Christopherson
2020-06-11 19:33         ` Tom Lendacky
2020-06-12  9:25           ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 60/75] x86/sev-es: Handle MWAIT/MWAITX Events Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 61/75] x86/sev-es: Handle VMMCALL Events Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 62/75] x86/sev-es: Handle #AC Events Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 63/75] x86/sev-es: Handle #DB Events Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 64/75] x86/sev-es: Cache CPUID results for improved performance Joerg Roedel
2020-05-06 18:08   ` Mike Stunes
2020-05-06 18:08     ` Mike Stunes
2020-05-06 23:02     ` Tom Lendacky
2020-05-06 23:02       ` Tom Lendacky
2020-05-20  5:16   ` Sean Christopherson
2020-05-26  9:19     ` Borislav Petkov
2020-05-27 17:49       ` Tom Lendacky
2020-05-27 15:34   ` Tom Lendacky
2020-06-12  9:12   ` Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 65/75] x86/paravirt: Allow hypervisor specific VMMCALL handling under SEV-ES Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 66/75] x86/kvm: Add KVM " Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 67/75] x86/vmware: Add VMware specific handling for VMMCALL " Joerg Roedel
2020-05-28 12:38   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-05-28 12:38     ` Borislav Petkov
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 68/75] x86/realmode: Add SEV-ES specific trampoline entry point Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 69/75] x86/realmode: Setup AP jump table Joerg Roedel
2020-05-29  9:02   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-05-29 16:21     ` Tom Lendacky
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 70/75] x86/head/64: Setup TSS early for secondary CPUs Joerg Roedel
2020-05-07 10:51   ` [x86/head/64] e5a6f186af: BUG:kernel_hang_in_boot_stage kernel test robot
2020-05-07 10:51     ` kernel test robot
2020-05-07 10:51     ` kernel test robot
2020-06-02 15:46   ` [PATCH v3 70/75] x86/head/64: Setup TSS early for secondary CPUs Borislav Petkov
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 71/75] x86/head/64: Don't call verify_cpu() on starting APs Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 72/75] x86/head/64: Rename start_cpu0 Joerg Roedel
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 73/75] x86/sev-es: Support CPU offline/online Joerg Roedel
2020-06-03  9:54   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 74/75] x86/sev-es: Handle NMI State Joerg Roedel
2020-06-03  9:59   ` Borislav Petkov
2020-06-03  9:59     ` Borislav Petkov
2020-04-28 15:17 ` [PATCH v3 75/75] x86/efi: Add GHCB mappings when SEV-ES is active Joerg Roedel
2020-06-03 13:52   ` Borislav Petkov

Reply instructions:

You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:

* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
  and reply-to-all from there: mbox

  Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style

* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
  switches of git-send-email(1):

  git send-email \
    --in-reply-to=20200428151725.31091-47-joro@8bytes.org \
    --to=joro@8bytes.org \
    --cc=cfir@google.com \
    --cc=dan.j.williams@intel.com \
    --cc=dave.hansen@linux.intel.com \
    --cc=erdemaktas@google.com \
    --cc=hpa@zytor.com \
    --cc=jgross@suse.com \
    --cc=jroedel@suse.de \
    --cc=jslaby@suse.cz \
    --cc=keescook@chromium.org \
    --cc=kvm@vger.kernel.org \
    --cc=linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org \
    --cc=luto@kernel.org \
    --cc=mhiramat@kernel.org \
    --cc=mstunes@vmware.com \
    --cc=peterz@infradead.org \
    --cc=rientjes@google.com \
    --cc=thellstrom@vmware.com \
    --cc=thomas.lendacky@amd.com \
    --cc=virtualization@lists.linux-foundation.org \
    --cc=x86@kernel.org \
    /path/to/YOUR_REPLY

  https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html

* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
  via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line before the message body.
This is an external index of several public inboxes,
see mirroring instructions on how to clone and mirror
all data and code used by this external index.