linux-mm.kvack.org archive mirror
 help / color / mirror / Atom feed
From: glider@google.com
To: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>,
	Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>,
	 Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>,
	Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>,
	linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: glider@google.com, viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk,
	adilger.kernel@dilger.ca,  andreyknvl@google.com,
	aryabinin@virtuozzo.com, luto@kernel.org,
	 ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org, arnd@arndb.de, hch@infradead.org,
	hch@lst.de,  darrick.wong@oracle.com, davem@davemloft.net,
	dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com,  ebiggers@google.com,
	edumazet@google.com, ericvh@gmail.com,
	 gregkh@linuxfoundation.org, harry.wentland@amd.com,
	 herbert@gondor.apana.org.au, iii@linux.ibm.com, mingo@elte.hu,
	 jasowang@redhat.com, axboe@kernel.dk, m.szyprowski@samsung.com,
	 elver@google.com, mark.rutland@arm.com,
	martin.petersen@oracle.com,  schwidefsky@de.ibm.com,
	willy@infradead.org, mst@redhat.com, monstr@monstr.eu,
	 pmladek@suse.com, cai@lca.pw, rdunlap@infradead.org,
	robin.murphy@arm.com,  sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com,
	rostedt@goodmis.org, tiwai@suse.com,  tytso@mit.edu,
	gor@linux.ibm.com, wsa@the-dreams.de
Subject: [PATCH RFC v3 24/36] kmsan: disable instrumentation of certain functions
Date: Fri, 22 Nov 2019 12:26:09 +0100	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <20191122112621.204798-25-glider@google.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20191122112621.204798-1-glider@google.com>

Some functions are called from handwritten assembly, and therefore don't
have their arguments' metadata fully set up by the instrumentation code.
Mark them with __no_sanitize_memory to avoid false positives from
spreading further.
Certain functions perform task switching, so that the value of |current|
is different as they proceed. Because KMSAN state pointer is only read
once at the beginning of the function, touching it after |current| has
changed may be dangerous.

Signed-off-by: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
To: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
---
v3:
 - removed TODOs from comments

Change-Id: I684d23dac5a22eb0a4cea71993cb934302b17cea
---
 arch/x86/entry/common.c                |  1 +
 arch/x86/include/asm/irq_regs.h        |  1 +
 arch/x86/include/asm/syscall_wrapper.h |  1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c            |  1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack_64.c         |  1 +
 arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c           |  5 +++++
 arch/x86/kernel/traps.c                | 12 ++++++++++--
 arch/x86/kernel/uprobes.c              |  7 ++++++-
 kernel/profile.c                       |  1 +
 kernel/sched/core.c                    |  6 ++++++
 10 files changed, 33 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/entry/common.c b/arch/x86/entry/common.c
index 3f8e22615812..0dd5b2acb355 100644
--- a/arch/x86/entry/common.c
+++ b/arch/x86/entry/common.c
@@ -275,6 +275,7 @@ __visible inline void syscall_return_slowpath(struct pt_regs *regs)
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
+__no_sanitize_memory
 __visible void do_syscall_64(unsigned long nr, struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
 	struct thread_info *ti;
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/irq_regs.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/irq_regs.h
index 187ce59aea28..d65a00bd6f02 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/irq_regs.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/irq_regs.h
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 
 DECLARE_PER_CPU(struct pt_regs *, irq_regs);
 
+__no_sanitize_memory
 static inline struct pt_regs *get_irq_regs(void)
 {
 	return __this_cpu_read(irq_regs);
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/syscall_wrapper.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/syscall_wrapper.h
index e046a405743d..43910ce1b53b 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/syscall_wrapper.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/syscall_wrapper.h
@@ -159,6 +159,7 @@
 	ALLOW_ERROR_INJECTION(__x64_sys##name, ERRNO);			\
 	static long __se_sys##name(__MAP(x,__SC_LONG,__VA_ARGS__));	\
 	static inline long __do_sys##name(__MAP(x,__SC_DECL,__VA_ARGS__));\
+	__no_sanitize_memory						\
 	asmlinkage long __x64_sys##name(const struct pt_regs *regs)	\
 	{								\
 		return __se_sys##name(SC_X86_64_REGS_TO_ARGS(x,__VA_ARGS__));\
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c
index 9e2dd2b296cd..7b24bda22c38 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c
@@ -1118,6 +1118,7 @@ static void local_apic_timer_interrupt(void)
  * [ if a single-CPU system runs an SMP kernel then we call the local
  *   interrupt as well. Thus we cannot inline the local irq ... ]
  */
+__no_sanitize_memory /* |regs| may be uninitialized */
 __visible void __irq_entry smp_apic_timer_interrupt(struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
 	struct pt_regs *old_regs = set_irq_regs(regs);
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack_64.c
index 753b8cfe8b8a..ba883d282a43 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack_64.c
@@ -143,6 +143,7 @@ static bool in_irq_stack(unsigned long *stack, struct stack_info *info)
 	return true;
 }
 
+__no_sanitize_memory
 int get_stack_info(unsigned long *stack, struct task_struct *task,
 		   struct stack_info *info, unsigned long *visit_mask)
 {
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
index af64519b2695..70e33150a83a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/process_64.c
@@ -500,6 +500,11 @@ void compat_start_thread(struct pt_regs *regs, u32 new_ip, u32 new_sp)
  * Kprobes not supported here. Set the probe on schedule instead.
  * Function graph tracer not supported too.
  */
+/*
+ * Avoid touching KMSAN state or reporting anything here, as __switch_to() does
+ * weird things with tasks.
+ */
+__no_sanitize_memory
 __visible __notrace_funcgraph struct task_struct *
 __switch_to(struct task_struct *prev_p, struct task_struct *next_p)
 {
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/traps.c b/arch/x86/kernel/traps.c
index 4bb0f8447112..a94282d1f60b 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/traps.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/traps.c
@@ -618,7 +618,10 @@ NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(do_int3);
  * Help handler running on a per-cpu (IST or entry trampoline) stack
  * to switch to the normal thread stack if the interrupted code was in
  * user mode. The actual stack switch is done in entry_64.S
+ *
+ * This function switches the registers - don't instrument it with KMSAN!
  */
+__no_sanitize_memory
 asmlinkage __visible notrace struct pt_regs *sync_regs(struct pt_regs *eregs)
 {
 	struct pt_regs *regs = (struct pt_regs *)this_cpu_read(cpu_current_top_of_stack) - 1;
@@ -634,6 +637,11 @@ struct bad_iret_stack {
 };
 
 asmlinkage __visible notrace
+/*
+ * Dark magic happening here, let's not instrument this function.
+ * Also avoid copying any metadata by using raw __memmove().
+ */
+__no_sanitize_memory
 struct bad_iret_stack *fixup_bad_iret(struct bad_iret_stack *s)
 {
 	/*
@@ -648,10 +656,10 @@ struct bad_iret_stack *fixup_bad_iret(struct bad_iret_stack *s)
 		(struct bad_iret_stack *)this_cpu_read(cpu_tss_rw.x86_tss.sp0) - 1;
 
 	/* Copy the IRET target to the new stack. */
-	memmove(&new_stack->regs.ip, (void *)s->regs.sp, 5*8);
+	__memmove(&new_stack->regs.ip, (void *)s->regs.sp, 5*8);
 
 	/* Copy the remainder of the stack from the current stack. */
-	memmove(new_stack, s, offsetof(struct bad_iret_stack, regs.ip));
+	__memmove(new_stack, s, offsetof(struct bad_iret_stack, regs.ip));
 
 	BUG_ON(!user_mode(&new_stack->regs));
 	return new_stack;
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/uprobes.c b/arch/x86/kernel/uprobes.c
index 8cd745ef8c7b..bcd4bf5a909f 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/uprobes.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/uprobes.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
  *	Jim Keniston
  */
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/kmsan-checks.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
 #include <linux/uprobes.h>
@@ -997,9 +998,13 @@ int arch_uprobe_post_xol(struct arch_uprobe *auprobe, struct pt_regs *regs)
 int arch_uprobe_exception_notify(struct notifier_block *self, unsigned long val, void *data)
 {
 	struct die_args *args = data;
-	struct pt_regs *regs = args->regs;
+	struct pt_regs *regs;
 	int ret = NOTIFY_DONE;
 
+	kmsan_unpoison_shadow(args, sizeof(*args));
+	regs = args->regs;
+	if (regs)
+		kmsan_unpoison_shadow(regs, sizeof(*regs));
 	/* We are only interested in userspace traps */
 	if (regs && !user_mode(regs))
 		return NOTIFY_DONE;
diff --git a/kernel/profile.c b/kernel/profile.c
index af7c94bf5fa1..835a5b66d1a4 100644
--- a/kernel/profile.c
+++ b/kernel/profile.c
@@ -399,6 +399,7 @@ void profile_hits(int type, void *__pc, unsigned int nr_hits)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(profile_hits);
 
+__no_sanitize_memory
 void profile_tick(int type)
 {
 	struct pt_regs *regs = get_irq_regs();
diff --git a/kernel/sched/core.c b/kernel/sched/core.c
index dd05a378631a..674d36fe9d44 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/core.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/core.c
@@ -475,6 +475,7 @@ void wake_q_add_safe(struct wake_q_head *head, struct task_struct *task)
 		put_task_struct(task);
 }
 
+__no_sanitize_memory /* context switching here */
 void wake_up_q(struct wake_q_head *head)
 {
 	struct wake_q_node *node = head->first;
@@ -3180,6 +3181,7 @@ prepare_task_switch(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev,
  * past. prev == current is still correct but we need to recalculate this_rq
  * because prev may have moved to another CPU.
  */
+__no_sanitize_memory /* |current| changes here */
 static struct rq *finish_task_switch(struct task_struct *prev)
 	__releases(rq->lock)
 {
@@ -3986,6 +3988,7 @@ pick_next_task(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev, struct rq_flags *rf)
  *
  * WARNING: must be called with preemption disabled!
  */
+__no_sanitize_memory /* |current| changes here */
 static void __sched notrace __schedule(bool preempt)
 {
 	struct task_struct *prev, *next;
@@ -4605,6 +4608,7 @@ int task_prio(const struct task_struct *p)
  *
  * Return: 1 if the CPU is currently idle. 0 otherwise.
  */
+__no_sanitize_memory /* nothing to report here */
 int idle_cpu(int cpu)
 {
 	struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
@@ -6544,6 +6548,7 @@ static struct kmem_cache *task_group_cache __read_mostly;
 DECLARE_PER_CPU(cpumask_var_t, load_balance_mask);
 DECLARE_PER_CPU(cpumask_var_t, select_idle_mask);
 
+__no_sanitize_memory
 void __init sched_init(void)
 {
 	unsigned long ptr = 0;
@@ -6716,6 +6721,7 @@ static inline int preempt_count_equals(int preempt_offset)
 	return (nested == preempt_offset);
 }
 
+__no_sanitize_memory /* expect the arguments to be initialized */
 void __might_sleep(const char *file, int line, int preempt_offset)
 {
 	/*
-- 
2.24.0.432.g9d3f5f5b63-goog



  parent reply	other threads:[~2019-11-22 11:27 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 120+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2019-11-22 11:25 [PATCH RFC v3 00/36] Add KernelMemorySanitizer infrastructure glider
2019-11-22 11:25 ` [PATCH RFC v3 01/36] stackdepot: check depot_index before accessing the stack slab glider
2019-11-27 14:22   ` Marco Elver
2019-11-22 11:25 ` [PATCH RFC v3 02/36] stackdepot: build with -fno-builtin glider
2019-11-27 14:22   ` Marco Elver
2019-11-22 11:25 ` [PATCH RFC v3 03/36] kasan: stackdepot: move filter_irq_stacks() to stackdepot.c glider
2019-11-27 14:22   ` Marco Elver
2019-11-27 14:56     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:25 ` [PATCH RFC v3 04/36] stackdepot: reserve 5 extra bits in depot_stack_handle_t glider
2019-11-27 14:23   ` Marco Elver
2019-11-22 11:25 ` [PATCH RFC v3 05/36] kmsan: add ReST documentation glider
2019-11-27 14:22   ` Marco Elver
2019-12-03 12:42     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:25 ` [PATCH RFC v3 06/36] kmsan: gfp: introduce __GFP_NO_KMSAN_SHADOW glider
2019-11-27 14:48   ` Marco Elver
2019-12-03 12:57     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:25 ` [PATCH RFC v3 07/36] kmsan: introduce __no_sanitize_memory and __SANITIZE_MEMORY__ glider
2019-11-28 13:13   ` Marco Elver
2019-11-29 16:09   ` Andrey Konovalov
2019-12-16 11:35     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:25 ` [PATCH RFC v3 08/36] kmsan: reduce vmalloc space glider
2019-11-28 13:30   ` Marco Elver
2019-11-22 11:25 ` [PATCH RFC v3 09/36] kmsan: add KMSAN bits to struct page and struct task_struct glider
2019-11-28 13:44   ` Marco Elver
2019-11-28 14:05     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:25 ` [PATCH RFC v3 10/36] kmsan: add KMSAN runtime glider
2019-11-24 19:44   ` Wolfram Sang
2019-11-25  9:14     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-29 16:07   ` Marco Elver
2019-12-19 14:16     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-12-02 15:39   ` Andrey Konovalov
2019-12-20 18:58     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-12-03 14:34   ` Andrey Konovalov
2019-11-22 11:25 ` [PATCH RFC v3 11/36] kmsan: stackdepot: don't allocate KMSAN metadata for stackdepot glider
2019-11-29 14:52   ` Andrey Konovalov
2019-12-03 14:27     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:25 ` [PATCH RFC v3 12/36] kmsan: define READ_ONCE_NOCHECK() glider
2019-12-02 10:03   ` Marco Elver
2019-12-03 12:45     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:25 ` [PATCH RFC v3 13/36] kmsan: make READ_ONCE_TASK_STACK() return initialized values glider
2019-12-02 10:07   ` Marco Elver
2019-12-05 15:52     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:25 ` [PATCH RFC v3 14/36] kmsan: x86: sync metadata pages on page fault glider
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 15/36] kmsan: add tests for KMSAN glider
2019-11-29 14:14   ` Andrey Konovalov
2019-12-05 14:30     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 16/36] crypto: kmsan: disable accelerated configs under KMSAN glider
2019-12-02 13:25   ` Marco Elver
2019-12-05 14:51     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 17/36] kmsan: x86: disable UNWINDER_ORC " glider
2019-12-02 13:30   ` Marco Elver
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 18/36] kmsan: disable LOCK_DEBUGGING_SUPPORT glider
2019-12-02 13:33   ` Marco Elver
2019-12-03 14:34     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-12-03 15:00       ` Qian Cai
2019-12-03 15:14         ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-12-03 18:02           ` Qian Cai
2019-12-03 18:38           ` Steven Rostedt
2019-12-04  8:41             ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-12-04 12:22               ` Petr Mladek
2019-12-04 13:12                 ` Qian Cai
2019-12-04 16:24                   ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-12-04 18:03                     ` Qian Cai
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 20/36] kmsan: x86: increase stack sizes in KMSAN builds glider
2019-12-02 14:31   ` Marco Elver
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 21/36] kmsan: disable KMSAN instrumentation for certain kernel parts glider
2019-11-29 15:07   ` Andrey Konovalov
2019-12-10 10:35     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-12-10 12:38       ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-12-10 12:43       ` Qian Cai
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 22/36] kmsan: mm: call KMSAN hooks from SLUB code glider
2019-12-02 15:36   ` Marco Elver
2019-12-10 12:07     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 23/36] kmsan: call KMSAN hooks where needed glider
2019-11-26 10:17   ` Petr Mladek
2019-11-26 10:52     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-29 16:21   ` Andrey Konovalov
2019-12-16 11:30     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:26 ` glider [this message]
2019-11-29 14:59   ` [PATCH RFC v3 24/36] kmsan: disable instrumentation of certain functions Andrey Konovalov
2019-12-18 10:02     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 25/36] kmsan: unpoison |tlb| in arch_tlb_gather_mmu() glider
2019-11-29 15:08   ` Andrey Konovalov
2019-12-03 14:19     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 26/36] kmsan: use __msan_memcpy() where possible glider
2019-11-29 15:13   ` Andrey Konovalov
2019-12-05 15:46     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 27/36] kmsan: hooks for copy_to_user() and friends glider
2019-11-29 15:34   ` Andrey Konovalov
2019-12-05 16:00     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-12-05 16:44       ` Andrey Konovalov
2019-12-11 14:22         ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 28/36] kmsan: enable KMSAN builds glider
2019-11-29 15:55   ` Andrey Konovalov
2019-12-11 12:51     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 29/36] kmsan: handle /dev/[u]random glider
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 30/36] kmsan: virtio: check/unpoison scatterlist in vring_map_one_sg() glider
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 31/36] kmsan: disable strscpy() optimization under KMSAN glider
2019-12-02 15:51   ` Marco Elver
2019-12-02 16:23     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-12-03 11:19       ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-12-03 11:24         ` Marco Elver
2019-12-03 11:27           ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 32/36] kmsan: add iomap support glider
2019-12-03 12:50   ` Marco Elver
2019-12-03 14:07     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 33/36] kmsan: dma: unpoison memory mapped by dma_direct_map_page() glider
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 34/36] kmsan: disable physical page merging in biovec glider
2019-12-03 12:54   ` Marco Elver
2019-12-03 13:38     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 35/36] kmsan: ext4: skip block merging logic in ext4_mpage_readpages for KMSAN glider
2019-11-25 16:05   ` Robin Murphy
2019-11-25 17:03     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-12-03 14:22   ` Marco Elver
2019-12-05 14:31     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-22 11:26 ` [PATCH RFC v3 36/36] net: kasan: kmsan: support CONFIG_GENERIC_CSUM on x86, enable it for KASAN/KMSAN glider
2019-12-03 14:17   ` Marco Elver
2019-12-05 14:37     ` Alexander Potapenko
2019-11-29 14:39 ` [PATCH RFC v3 00/36] Add KernelMemorySanitizer infrastructure Marco Elver
2019-12-02 16:02   ` Alexander Potapenko

Reply instructions:

You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:

* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
  and reply-to-all from there: mbox

  Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style

* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
  switches of git-send-email(1):

  git send-email \
    --in-reply-to=20191122112621.204798-25-glider@google.com \
    --to=glider@google.com \
    --cc=adilger.kernel@dilger.ca \
    --cc=akpm@linux-foundation.org \
    --cc=andreyknvl@google.com \
    --cc=ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org \
    --cc=arnd@arndb.de \
    --cc=aryabinin@virtuozzo.com \
    --cc=axboe@kernel.dk \
    --cc=cai@lca.pw \
    --cc=darrick.wong@oracle.com \
    --cc=davem@davemloft.net \
    --cc=dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com \
    --cc=dvyukov@google.com \
    --cc=ebiggers@google.com \
    --cc=edumazet@google.com \
    --cc=elver@google.com \
    --cc=ericvh@gmail.com \
    --cc=gor@linux.ibm.com \
    --cc=gregkh@linuxfoundation.org \
    --cc=harry.wentland@amd.com \
    --cc=hch@infradead.org \
    --cc=hch@lst.de \
    --cc=herbert@gondor.apana.org.au \
    --cc=iii@linux.ibm.com \
    --cc=jasowang@redhat.com \
    --cc=linux-mm@kvack.org \
    --cc=luto@kernel.org \
    --cc=m.szyprowski@samsung.com \
    --cc=mark.rutland@arm.com \
    --cc=martin.petersen@oracle.com \
    --cc=mingo@elte.hu \
    --cc=monstr@monstr.eu \
    --cc=mst@redhat.com \
    --cc=pmladek@suse.com \
    --cc=rdunlap@infradead.org \
    --cc=robin.murphy@arm.com \
    --cc=rostedt@goodmis.org \
    --cc=schwidefsky@de.ibm.com \
    --cc=sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com \
    --cc=tglx@linutronix.de \
    --cc=tiwai@suse.com \
    --cc=tytso@mit.edu \
    --cc=vegard.nossum@oracle.com \
    --cc=viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk \
    --cc=willy@infradead.org \
    --cc=wsa@the-dreams.de \
    /path/to/YOUR_REPLY

  https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html

* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
  via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line before the message body.
This is a public inbox, see mirroring instructions
for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox;
as well as URLs for NNTP newsgroup(s).